TY - CHAP U1 - Buchbeitrag A1 - Barsan, Nicolae A1 - Gauglitz, Günter A1 - Oprea, Alexandru A1 - Ostertag, Edwin A1 - Proll, Günther A1 - Rebner, Karsten A1 - Schierbaum, Klaus A1 - Schleifenbaum, Frank A1 - Weimar, Udo T1 - Chemical and biochemical sensors. 2. Applications T2 - Ullmann's encyclopedia of industrial chemistry N2 - Different sensor types using chemical and biochemical principles are described. The former are mainly gas sensors, the latter are applied especially to liquids. Those label-free direct detection methods are compared with applications where assays take advantage of labeled receptors. Furthermore, selected applications in the area of gas sensors are discussed, and sensors for process control, point-of-care diagnostics, environmental analytics, and food analytics are reviewed. In addition, multiplexing approaches used in microplates and microarrays are described. On account of the huge number of sensor types and the wide range of possible applications, only the most important ones are selected here. Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-527-30673-2 SB - 978-3-527-30673-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.u06_u01 DO - https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.u06_u01 SP - 1 EP - 46 S1 - 46 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER -