TY  - JOUR
U1  - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - begutachtet (reviewed)
A1  - Weiss, Stephanie
A1  - Seidl, Regina
A1  - Kessler, Waltraud
A1  - Kessler, Rudolf
A1  - Zikulnig-Rusch, Edith
A1  - Kandelbauer, Andreas
T1  - Unravelling the phases of melamine formaldehyde resin cure by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and multivariate curve resolution (MCR)
JF  - Polymers
N2  - Here, we study resin cure and network formation of solid melamine formaldehyde pre-polymer over a large temperature range viadynamic temperature curing profiles. Real-time infrared spectroscopy is used to analyze the chemical changes during network formation and network hardening. By applying chemometrics (multivariate curve resolution,MCR), the essential chemical functionalities that constitute the network at a given stage of curing are mathematically extracted and tracked over time. The three spectral components identified by MCR were methylol-rich, ether linkages-rich and methylene linkages-rich resin entities. Based on dynamic changes of their characteristic spectral patterns in dependence of temperature, curing is divided into five phases: (I) stationary phase with free methylols as main chemical feature, (II) formation of flexible network cross-linked by ether linkages, (III) formation of rigid, ether-cross-linked network, (IV) further hardening via transformation of methylols and ethers into methylene-cross-linkages, and (V) network consolidation via transformation of ether into methylene bridges. The presented spectroscopic/chemometric approach can be used as methodological basis for the functionality design of MF-based surface films at the stage of laminate pressing, i.e., for tailoring the technological property profile of cured MF films using a causal understanding of the underlying chemistry based on molecular markers and spectroscopic fingerprints.
KW  - melamine formaldehyde resin
KW  - curing
KW  - infrared spectroscopy
KW  - multivariate curve resolution
Y1  - 2020
UN  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28273
SN  - 2073-4360
SS  - 2073-4360
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12112569
DO  - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12112569
VL  - 12
IS  - 11
SP  - 1
EP  - 19
S1  - 19
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -