TY  - JOUR
U1  - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - begutachtet (reviewed)
A1  - Metzger, Michael
A1  - Konrad, Alexander
A1  - Blendinger, Felix
A1  - Modler, Andreas
A1  - Meixner, Alfred
A1  - Bucher, Volker
A1  - Brecht, Marc
T1  - Low-cost GRIN-lens-based nephelometric turbidity sensing in the range of 0.1–1000 NTU
JF  - Sensors
N2  - Turbidity sensing is very common in the control of drinking water. Furthermore, turbidity measurements are applied in the chemical (e.g., process monitoring), pharmaceutical (e.g., drug discovery), and food industries (e.g., the filtration of wine and beer). The most common measurement technique is nephelometric turbidimetry. A nephelometer is a device for measuring the amount of scattered light of suspended particles in a liquid by using a light source and a light detector orientated in 90°to each other. Commercially available nephelometers cost usually—depending on the measurable range, reliability, and precision —thousands of euros. In contrast, our new developed GRIN-lens-based nephelometer, called GRINephy, combines low costs with excellent reproducibility and precision, even at very low turbidity levels, which is achieved by its ability to rotate the sample. Thereby, many cuvette positions can be measured, which results in a more precise average value for the turbidity calculated by an algorithm, which also eliminates errors caused by scratches and contaminations on the cuvettes. With our compact and cheap Arduino-based sensor, we are able to measure in the range of 0.1–1000 NTU and confirm the ISO 7027-1:2016 for low turbidity values.
KW  - turbidity sensing
KW  - nephelometric turbidimeter
KW  - nephelometer
KW  - formazin
KW  - water monitoring
Y1  - 2018
UN  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-18382
SN  - 1424-8220
SS  - 1424-8220
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041115
DO  - https://doi.org/10.3390/s18041115
VL  - 18
IS  - 4
SP  - 1
EP  - 9
S1  - 9
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  -