@article{LutzRenzWicht2018, author = {Lutz, Daniel and Renz, Peter and Wicht, Bernhard}, title = {An integrated 3-mW 120/230-V AC mains micropower supply}, journal = {IEEE journal of emerging and selected topics in power electronics}, volume = {6}, number = {2}, issn = {2168-6777}, doi = {10.1109/JESTPE.2018.2798504}, institution = {Technik}, pages = {581 -- 591}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The maintenance issue of batteries and the limited power level of energy harvesting is addressed by the presented integrated micropower supply. Connected to the 120/230-VRMS mains, it provides a 3.3-V ac output voltage, suitable for applications such as the Internet-of Things and smart homes. The micropower supply consists of a fully integrated ac-dc and dc-dc converter with one external low-voltage surface mount device buffer capacitor, resulting in an extremely compact size. Fabricated in a low-cost 0.35-μm 700-V complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology, it covers a die size of 7.7 mm². The ac-dc converter is a direct coupled, full-wave rectifier with a subsequent series regulator. The dc-dc stage is a fully integrated capacitive 4:1 converter with up to 17-V input and 47.4\% peak efficiency. The power supply comprises several high-voltage control circuits including level shifters and various types of charge pumps (CPs). A source supplied CP is utilized that supports a varying switching node potential. The overall losses are discussed and optimized, including flying capacitor bottom-plate losses. The power supply achieves an output power of 3 mW, resulting in a power density of 390 μW/mm². This exceeds prior art by a factor of 11.}, language = {en} }