@inproceedings{VejseliRossmannConnolly2020, author = {Vejseli, Sulejman and Rossmann, Alexander and Connolly, Thomas}, title = {Agility matters! Agile mechanisms in IT governance and their impact on firm performance}, series = {Proceedings of the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences : 7-10 January, 2020, Wailea-Makena, Hawaii}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences : 7-10 January, 2020, Wailea-Makena, Hawaii}, publisher = {University of Hawai'i at Manoa}, address = {Honolulu, HI}, isbn = {978-0-9981331-3-3}, doi = {10.24251/HICSS.2020.692}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29953}, pages = {5633 -- 5642}, year = {2020}, abstract = {With significant advancements in digital technologies, firms find themselves competing in an increasingly dynamic business environment. It is of paramount importance that organizations undertake proper governance mechanisms with respect to their business and IT strategies. Therefore, IT governance (ITG) has become an important factor for firm performance. In recent years, agility has evolved as a core concept for governance, especially in the area of software development. However, the impact of agility on ITG and firm performance has not been analyzed by the broad scientific community. This paper focuses on the question, how the concept of agility affects the ITG-firm performance relationship. The conceptual model for this question was tested by a quantitative research process with 400 executives responding to a standardized survey. Findings show that the adoption of agile principles, values, and best practices to the context of ITG leads to meaningful results for governance, business/IT alignment, and firm performance.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RossmannZimmermannHertweck2020, author = {Rossmann, Alexander and Zimmermann, Alfred and Hertweck, Dieter}, title = {The impact of chatbots on customer service performance}, series = {Advances in the human side of service engineering : Proceedings of the AHFE 2020 Virtual Conference on The Human Side of Service Engineering, July 16-20, 2020, USA}, booktitle = {Advances in the human side of service engineering : Proceedings of the AHFE 2020 Virtual Conference on The Human Side of Service Engineering, July 16-20, 2020, USA}, editor = {Spohrer, Jim and Leitner, Christine}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-51057-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-51057-2_33}, pages = {237 -- 243}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The advent of chatbots in customer service solutions received increasing attention by research and practice throughout the last years. However, the relevant dimensions and features for service quality and service performance for chatbots remain quite unclear. Therefore, this research develops and tests a conceptual model for customer service quality and customer service performance in the context of chatbots. Additionally, the impact of the developed service dimensions on different customer relationship metrics is measured across different service channels (hotline versus chatbots). Findings of six independent studies indicate a strong main effect of the conceptualized service dimensions on customer satisfaction, service costs, intention to service reusage, word-of-mouth, and customer loyalty. However, different service dimensions are relevant for chatbots compared to a traditional service hotline.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GaridisUlbrichtRossmannetal.2020, author = {Garidis, Konstantin and Ulbricht, Leon and Rossmann, Alexander and Schm{\"a}h, Marco}, title = {Toward a user acceptance model of autonomous driving}, series = {Proceedings of the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences : 7-10 January, 2020, Wailea-Makena, Hawaii}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 53rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences : 7-10 January, 2020, Wailea-Makena, Hawaii}, publisher = {University of Hawai'i at Manoa}, address = {Honolulu, HI}, isbn = {978-0-9981331-3-3}, doi = {10.24251/HICSS.2020.170}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29933}, pages = {1381 -- 1390}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Autonomous driving is becoming the next big digital disruption in the automotive industry. However, the possibility of integrating autonomous driving vehicles into current transportation systems not only involves technological issues but also requires the acceptance and adoption of users. Therefore, this paper develops a conceptual model for user acceptance of autonomous driving vehicles. The corresponding model is tested through a standardized survey of 470 respondents in Germany. Finally, the findings are discussed in relation to the current developments in the automotive industry, and recommendations for further research are given.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BozkurtBraunRossmannetal.2020, author = {Bozkurt, Yusuf and Braun, Reiner and Rossmann, Alexander and Hertweck, Dieter}, title = {The advent of smart cities: status quo and future research directions}, series = {Proceedings of the International Conferences ICT, Society, and Human Beings; Connected Smart Cities; and Web Based Communities and Social Media, 21-25 July 2020, Lisbon, Portugal}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conferences ICT, Society, and Human Beings; Connected Smart Cities; and Web Based Communities and Social Media, 21-25 July 2020, Lisbon, Portugal}, publisher = {IADIS Press}, address = {Lissabon}, isbn = {978-989-8704-19-1}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-30010}, pages = {105 -- 116}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The shift of populations to cities is creating challenges in many respects, thus leading to increasing demand for smart solutions of urbanization problems. Smart city applications range from technical and social to economic and ecological. The main focus of this work is to provide a systematic literature review of smart city research to answer two main questions: (1) How is current research on smart cities structured? And (2) What directions are relevant for future research on smart cities? To answer these research questions, a text-mining approach is applied to a large number of publications. This provides an overview and gives insights into relevant dimensions of smart city research. Although the main dimensions of research are already described in the literature, an evaluation of the relevance of such dimensions is missing. Findings suggest that the dimensions of environment and governance are popular, while the dimension of economy has received only limited attention.}, language = {en} } @article{BozkurtBraunRossmannetal.2020, author = {Bozkurt, Yusuf and Braun, Reiner and Rossmann, Alexander and Hertweck, Dieter}, title = {Smart cities in research: status-quo and future research directions}, series = {IADIS international journal on www/internet / International Association for Development of the Information Society}, volume = {18}, journal = {IADIS international journal on www/internet / International Association for Development of the Information Society}, number = {1}, publisher = {IADIS Press}, address = {Lissabon}, issn = {1645-7641}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28513}, pages = {121 -- 138}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The shift of populations to cities is creating challenges in many respects, thus leading to increasing demand for smart solutions of urbanization problems. Smart city applications range from technical and social to economic and ecological. The main focus of this work is to provide a systematic literature review of smart city research to answer two main questions: (1) How is current research on smart cities structured? and (2) What directions are relevant for future research on smart cities? To answer these research questions, a text-mining approach is applied to a large number of publications. This provides an overview and gives insights into relevant dimensions of smart city research. Although the main dimensions of research are already described in the literature, an evaluation of the relevance of such dimensions is missing. Findings suggest that the dimensions of environment and governance are popular, while the dimension of economy has received only limited attention.}, language = {en} } @article{WangCharifzadehHerberger2020, author = {Wang, Jing and Charifzadeh, Michel and Herberger, Tim}, title = {Do Chinese M\&A activities create shareholder value in the short run? Evidence from Chinese-German cross-border takeovers}, series = {Corporate law \& governance review}, volume = {2}, journal = {Corporate law \& governance review}, number = {2}, publisher = {Virtus Interpress}, address = {Sumy, Ukraine}, issn = {2707-1111}, doi = {10.22495/clgrv2i2p3}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28566}, pages = {33 -- 46}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Our paper investigates the response of acquiring firms' stock returns around the announcement date in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M\&A) between listed Chinese acquirers and German targets. We apply an event study methodology to examine the shareholder value effect based on a sample of M\&A deals over the most recent period of 2012-2018. We apply a market model event study based on the argumentation of Brown and Warner (1985) and use short-term observation periods according to Andrade, Mitchell, and Stafford (2001) as well as Hackbarth and Morellec (2008). The results indicate that the announcement of M\&A involving German targets results in a positive cumulative abnormal return of on average 2.18\% for Chinese acquirers' shareholders in a five-day symmetric event window. Furthermore, we found slight indications of possible information leakage prior to the formal announcement. Although it shows that the size of acquiring firms is not necessarily correlated with the positive abnormal returns in the short run, this study suggests that Chinese acquirers' shareholders gain higher abnormal returns when the German targets are non-listed companies.}, language = {en} } @techreport{TextorMayerGallSchulzetal.2020, author = {Textor, Torsten and Mayer-Gall, Thomas and Schulz, Bj{\"o}rn and Schollmeyer, Eckhard and Sch{\"a}fer, Karola and Belov, Nikolay and Beginn, Uwe and M{\"o}ller, Martin}, title = {Einsatz der Nanotechnologie auf mechanisch beanspruchten dreidimensionalen Artikeln, wie z. B. textilen Bodenbel{\"a}gen, zum Vorbeugenden Schutz vor Anschmutzung - (DTNW Mitteilung Nr. 72)}, publisher = {Deutsches Textilforschungszentrum Nord-West}, address = {Krefeld}, issn = {1430-1954}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.28761.75361}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28548}, pages = {145}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes wurden Ausr{\"u}stungsmittel und -verfahren entwickelt, die dem vorbeugenden Schutz von Textilien (insbesondere Bodenbel{\"a}gen) vor Anschmutzung dienen. Das Verfahren sieht eine kombinierte Ausr{\"u}stung von Textilien mit fluorierten Polymeren mit inkorporierten Nanopartikeln (in erster Linie: SiO2) zur Erh{\"o}hung der Rauhigkeit vor. Es wurden kommerziell erh{\"a}ltliche Hydrophobiermittel (Fluorcarbon- oder Kohlenwasserstoff-basierte Polymere) in Kombination mit SiO2-Nanopartikeln auf Teppiche aufgebracht und hinsichtlich eines Anschmutzens - z.B. durch Kaffee, KoolAid, Rotwein, AATCC Standard Soil, schwarze Schuhcreme - untersucht. Hierzu wurden die scherempfindlichen Dispersionen der Hydrophobiermittel mit neu entwickelten angepassten Dispersionen von SiO2-Nanopartikel versetzt. Die SiO2-Nanopartikel wurden mit systematisch variierten Gr{\"o}ßen von 10-1.000 nm synthetisiert, umfassend charakterisiert und mit Hilfe von neu entwickelten Fluormethacrylat-Copolymeren mit reaktiven Gruppen (Maleins{\"a}ure-, Itacons{\"a}ure- oder Citracons{\"a}ureanhydrid) und hydrophilen Modifiern (Alkohol- oder Amingruppen) stabilisiert. Die resultierenden Polymer-Teilchen-Dispersionen konnten aus w{\"a}ssrigen oder ethanolisch-w{\"a}ssrigen L{\"o}sungen auf Textilien (PA-, PES- oder WO-Teppiche und -Gewebe) appliziert werden. Weiterhin wurden auch die neu entwickelten Fluorcarbon-Polymere hinsichtlich ihrer Anwendung getestet. In Anschmutzungsversuchen wiesen die so ausger{\"u}steten Teppiche ein geringeres Anschmutzen durch Standardschmutz als Referenzmaterialien auf. Die Best{\"a}ndigkeit der Ausr{\"u}stung bei mechanischer Belastung konnte durch Vernetzung der Polymere auf dem Textilmaterial verbessert werden. F{\"u}r PA 6- und PA 6.6-Teppiche wurden die besten Ergebnisse hinsichtlich eines geringeren Anschmutzens durch wasserl{\"o}sliche Verschmutzungen (Kaffee, Rotwein, KoolAid) im Vergleich zu unbehandelten Teppichen ermittelt, wenn die Ausr{\"u}stung mit Fluorpolymer-stabilisierten SiO2-Nanopartikeln oder mit einer kombinierten Dispersion aus SiO2-Partikeln und Fluorcarbonharzen vorgenommen wurde. Eine im Vergleich zu unbehandelten Teppichen weniger starke Anschmutzung durch AATCC Standard Soil (DIN EN ISO 11378-2) wurde f{\"u}r mit SiO2-Partikeln behandelte PA 6-Teppiche ermittelt. Hydrophobe Anschmutzungen (z.B. schwarze Schuhcreme) konnten von mit Fluorcarbon-Polymeren ausger{\"u}steten Teppichen am besten entfernt werden. Die Kombination von SiO2-Partikeln mit Fluorcarbon-Polymeren erwies sich meist als g{\"u}nstiger als die alleinige Behandlung mit Fluorcarbonharzen. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Gr{\"o}ße der Nanopartikel, der Abrasionsbest{\"a}ndigkeit und den Reinigungseigenschaften wurde festgestellt, und es konnte gezeigt werden, dass FC-Nanopartikel-Composites diese verbessern. Die mechanische Best{\"a}ndigkeit der Antischmutzausr{\"u}stung mit SiO2-Nanopartikeln und Fluorcarbon-Polymeren auf Polyamidteppichen wurde z.B. durch Hexapod-Trommelbeanspruchung (nach ISO 10361) gepr{\"u}ft. Durch REM, IR-Spektroskopie und den Wassertropfentest wurde nach 4.000 und auch nach 12.000 Touren noch eine intakte Beschichtung nachgewiesen. Mit Vernetzern, die das Polymer selbst, das Polymer mit Partikeln und/oder der Substratoberfl{\"a}che vernetzen, konnte z.T. die Abrasionsbest{\"a}ndigkeit verbessert werden (hier m{\"u}ssen ggf. optimalere Vernetzer gesucht werden).}, language = {de} } @techreport{BenkenTextorGutmannetal.2020, author = {Benken, Rainer and Textor, Torsten and Gutmann, Jochen and Mayer-Gall, Thomas}, title = {Modifikation von Oberfl{\"a}chen zur Steigerung der Haltbarkeit von Sol-Gel-basierten Ausr{\"u}stungen - (DTNW-Mitteilung Nr. 91)}, publisher = {Deutsches Textilforschungszentrum Nord-West}, address = {Krefeld}, issn = {1430-1954}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.13357.31201}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28532}, pages = {137}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Die Ausr{\"u}stung von Textilien mit Sol-Gel-Beschichtungen wird seit einigen Jahren intensiv verfolgt. Eine Vielzahl von bekannten, aber auch neuen Ausr{\"u}stungseffekten k{\"o}nnen {\"u}ber diesen Ansatz realisiert werden. Besonders interessant ist die Sol-Gel-Technik wegen der M{\"o}glichkeiten, multifunktionelle Ausr{\"u}stungen zu synthetisieren. Problematisch ist eine in vielen F{\"a}llen geringe Best{\"a}ndigkeit solcher Ausr{\"u}stungen, insbesondere gegen{\"u}ber Waschprozessen. Ziel des Projektes war es davon ausgehend, Vorbehandlungsstrategien f{\"u}r textile Fasermaterialien, basierend auf synthetischen Polymeren oder aus Naturfasern, zu entwickeln, die die Haltbarkeit von Sol-Gel-basierten Ausr{\"u}stungen verbessern. Im Rahmen der Arbeiten wurden, angepasst an die jeweiligen Faserpolymere - Polyethylenterephthalat, Polyamid, Polypropylen und Baumwolle - funktionelle Gruppen {\"u}ber geeignete Anker auf den Polymeren etabliert, die in der Lage sind, kovalente Bindungen zu Sol-Gel-basierten Beschichtungssystemen auszubilden. Als Anker wurden prim{\"a}r Trialkoxysilane verwendet, die zus{\"a}tzlich z.B. Epoxy-, Isocyanato-, Azido- oder Amino-funktionelle Reste besitzen. Mit diesen Resten k{\"o}nnen die Anker kovalent an die Polymere angebunden werden. Die meisten Sol-Gel-basierten Systeme enthalten zumindest zu einem gewissen Anteil SiOx und/oder MexOy-Cluster. Die zur Funktionalisierung der Oberfl{\"a}chen eingesetzten Alkoxysilane k{\"o}nnen generell an solche Systeme/Cluster per Kondensation gebunden werden und dienen daher f{\"u}r die effektive Anbindung verschiedenster funktioneller Sol-Gel-Schichten. Entsprechend vorfunktionalisierte Substrate wurden in der Folge mit exemplarisch ausgew{\"a}hlten Sol-Gel-Ausr{\"u}stungen beschichtet. Dabei wurden f{\"u}r den Großteil der Untersuchungen hydrophobierende Sole appliziert. Vorteilhaft ist, dass sich der mit hydrophobierenden Solen erzielte Ausr{\"u}stungseffekt genau wie dessen Best{\"a}ndigkeit mit vergleichsweise {\"u}berschaubarem Aufwand {\"u}ber die Untersuchung der Benetzbarkeit (DuPont-Noten, Kontaktwinkel, Tropfeneinsinkzeiten) charakterisieren l{\"a}sst. Die Wirksamkeit der Vorbehandlungen wurde dann vor allem anhand von Untersuchungen zur Waschbest{\"a}ndigkeit der Ausr{\"u}stungen {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Im Rahmen der Arbeiten konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich {\"u}ber die Etablierung geeigneter Anker die Best{\"a}ndigkeit von Sol-Gel-Ausr{\"u}stungen bzw. der daraus hervorgehenden Effekte verbessern l{\"a}sst. Es zeigt sich gleichzeitig, dass die erzielten Verbesserungen sehr stark vom jeweiligen Sol abh{\"a}ngen. D.h., dass sich erzielte Verbesserungen nicht zwangsl{\"a}ufig auf andere Sol {\"u}bertragen lassen. Analytische Charakterisierungen weisen darauf hin, dass in vielen F{\"a}llen die Best{\"a}ndigkeit der Beschichtungsnetzwerke selbst einen weit gr{\"o}ßeren Einfluss besitzt als die Anbindung an das Substrat. So zeigt sich bei verschiedenen Untersuchungen, dass die Auflage der Sol-Gel-Beschichtung vor allem nach einer ersten W{\"a}sche, aber auch dar{\"u}ber hinaus, signifikant sinkt, oftmals aber ohne dass der durch Ausr{\"u}stung erzielte Effekt verloren geht. Dies deutet auf ein (Auf-)L{\"o}sen der Beschichtungsmatrizes hin, wovor die Anker nicht sch{\"u}tzen k{\"o}nnen, da deren Wirkung auf die Grenzfl{\"a}che zum Substrat beschr{\"a}nkt ist. Neben den hydrophobierenden Ausr{\"u}stungen wurden exemplarisch auch antibakterielle Ausr{\"u}stungen nach den entsprechenden Vorbehandlungen appliziert. Auch hier konnten Verbesserungen in der Best{\"a}ndigkeit des Effektes erzielt werden. Abschließend wurde untersucht inwieweit sich die Vorbehandlungen im Vergleich zur einfachen Ausr{\"u}stung negativ auf die textilen Produkte auswirken. Hierzu wurden relevante textile Parameter wie z.B. H{\"o}chstzugkr{\"a}fte, Weißgrade, Steifigkeit oder Luftdurchl{\"a}ssigkeiten bestimmt. Diese Parameter wurden in der {\"u}berwiegenden Zahl der Vorbehandlungen nicht oder nur geringf{\"u}gig beeinflusst.}, language = {de} } @book{RabusSada2020, author = {Rabus, Dominik and Sada, Cinzia}, title = {Integrated ring resonators : a compendium}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-60130-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-60131-7}, pages = {377}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This book describes the current state of the art in integrated ring resonators, covering more than two decades in the development of this exciting device. It discusses in depth one of the most fascinating and versatile integrated optical filters, providing readers with a panoramic view spanning from design and simulation to implementation in various material systems. Written by authors with extensive experience in both academia and industry, this second edition offers a much-needed, major update as interest in integrated ring resonators undergoes a global revival. The new edition includes a comprehensive technological update, and a timely discussion of recent advances in new application areas, such as optofluidics and microfluidics, telecom operations and biosensors. This aptly named compendium is the ideal guide for researchers and engineers looking to review the field as a whole while exploring several of its possible and exciting future trajectories.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Textor2020, author = {Textor, Torsten}, title = {Industrie, Innovation und Wirtschaftswachstum : Das Potenzial interdisziplin{\"a}rer Forschung und Entwicklung: Oder warum Textil im Verbund besser ist}, series = {Trendbook Technical Textiles - The Textile World 2030}, booktitle = {Trendbook Technical Textiles - The Textile World 2030}, publisher = {dfv Mediengruppe, Deutscher Fachverlag GmbH m + a Internationale Messemedien}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, isbn = {978-3-86641-811-0}, pages = {34 -- 36}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Textil im Verbund ist besser? Das ist in der Fachwelt lange keine Frage mehr, textile Verbundwerkstoffe k{\"o}nnen viele Vorteile bieten. Es ist wohl bekannt, dass sie oft besser sind als nicht-textile Alternativen. Die Beispiele sind mannigfaltig. Innovative Entwicklungen}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{TrieflingerMuenchSchneideretal.2021, author = {Trieflinger, Stefan and M{\"u}nch, J{\"u}rgen and Schneider, Jan and Bogazk{\"o}y, Emre and Eißler, Patrick and Roling, Bastian and Lang, Dominic}, title = {Product roadmapping processes for an uncertain market environment: a grey literature review}, series = {Lean and agile software development : 5th International Conference, LASD 2021, Virtual Event, January 23, 2021, Proceedings}, booktitle = {Lean and agile software development : 5th International Conference, LASD 2021, Virtual Event, January 23, 2021, Proceedings}, editor = {Przybyłek, Adam and Miler, Jakub and Poth, Alexander and Riel, Andreas}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham, Switzerland}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-67084-9_7}, pages = {111 -- 129}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Context: Currently, most companies apply approaches for product roadmapping that are based on the assumption that the future is highly predicable. However, nowadays companies are facing the challenge of increasing market dynamics, rapidly evolving technologies, and shifting user expectations. Together with the adaption of lean and agile practices it makes it increasingly difficult to plan and predict upfront which products, services or features will satisfy the needs of the customers. Therefore, they are struggling with their ability to provide product roadmaps that fit into dynamic and uncertain market environments and that can be used together with lean and agile software development practices. Objective: To gain a better understanding of modern product roadmapping processes, this paper aims to identify suitable processes for the creation and evolution of product roadmaps in dynamic and uncertain market environments. Method: We performed a Grey Literature Review (GLR) according to the guidelines from Garousi et al. Results: 32 approaches to product roadmapping were identified. Typical characteristics of these processes are the strong connection between the product roadmap and the product vision, an emphasis on stakeholder alignment, the definition of business and customer goals as part of the roadmapping process, a high degree of flexibility with respect to reaching these goals, and the inclusion of validation activities in the roadmapping process. An overall goal of nearly all approaches is to avoid waste by early reducing development and business risks. From the list of the 32 approaches found, four representative roadmapping processes are described in detail.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-2943, title = {Fundamentals of software startups : Essential engineering and business aspects}, editor = {Nguyen-Duc, Anh and M{\"u}nch, J{\"u}rgen and Prikladnicki, Rafael and Wang, Xiaofeng and Abrahamsson, Pekka}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-35982-9}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-35983-6}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This book discusses important topics for engineering and managing software startups, such as how technical and business aspects are related, which complications may arise and how they can be dealt with. It also addresses the use of scientific, engineering, and managerial approaches to successfully develop software products in startup companies. The book covers a wide range of software startup phenomena, and includes the knowledge, skills, and capabilities required for startup product development; team capacity and team roles; technical debt; minimal viable products; startup metrics; common pitfalls and patterns observed; as well as lessons learned from startups in Finland, Norway, Brazil, Russia and USA. All results are based on empirical findings, and the claims are backed by evidence and concrete observations, measurements and experiments from qualitative and quantitative research, as is common in empirical software engineering. The book helps entrepreneurs and practitioners to become aware of various phenomena, challenges, and practices that occur in real-world startups, and provides insights based on sound research methodologies presented in a simple and easy-to-read manner. It also allows students in business and engineering programs to learn about the important engineering concepts and technical building blocks of a software startup. It is also suitable for researchers at different levels in areas such as software and systems engineering, or information systems who are studying advanced topics related to software business.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MuenchTrieflingerBogazkoeyetal.2020, author = {M{\"u}nch, J{\"u}rgen and Trieflinger, Stefan and Bogazk{\"o}y, Emre and Eißler, Patrick and Roling, Bastian and Schneider, Jan}, title = {Product roadmap formats for an uncertain future: a grey literature review}, series = {2020 46th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA): 26-28 August 2020, Portoroz, Slovenia, proceedings}, booktitle = {2020 46th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA): 26-28 August 2020, Portoroz, Slovenia, proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9532-2}, doi = {10.1109/SEAA51224.2020.00055}, pages = {284 -- 291}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Product roadmaps are an important tool in product development. They provide direction, enable consistent development in relation to a product vision and support communication with relevant stakeholders. There are many different formats for product roadmaps, but they are often based on the assumption that the future is highly predictable. However, especially software-intensive businesses are faced with increasing market dynamics, rapidly evolving technologies and changing user expectations. As a result, many organizations are wondering what roadmap format is appropriate for them and what components it should have to deal with an unpredictable future. Objectives: To gain a better understanding of the formats of product roadmaps and their components, this paper aims to identify suitable formats for the development and handling of product roadmaps in dynamic and uncertain markets. Method: We performed a grey literature review (GLR) according to the guidelines from Garousi. Results: A Google search identified 426 articles, 25 of which were included in this study. First, various components of the roadmap were identified, especially the product vision, themes, goals, outcomes and outputs. In addition, various product roadmap formats were discovered, such as feature-based, goal-oriented, outcome-driven and a theme-based roadmap. The roadmap components were then assigned to the various product roadmap formats. This overview aims at providing initial decision support for companies to select a suitable product roadmap format and adapt it to their own needs.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KluenderKarajicTelletal.2020, author = {Kl{\"u}nder, Jil and Karajic, Dzejlana and Tell, Paolo and Karras, Oliver and M{\"u}nkel, Christian and M{\"u}nch, J{\"u}rgen and MacDonell, Stephen and Hebig, Regina and Kuhrmann, Marco}, title = {Determining context factors for hybrid development methods with trained models}, series = {ICSSP '20: Proceedings of the International Conference on Software and System Processes}, booktitle = {ICSSP '20: Proceedings of the International Conference on Software and System Processes}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY}, isbn = {9781450375122}, doi = {10.1145/3379177.3388898}, pages = {61 -- 70}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Selecting a suitable development method for a specific project context is one of the most challenging activities in process design. Every project is unique and, thus, many context factors have to be considered. Recent research took some initial steps towards statistically constructing hybrid development methods, yet, paid little attention to the peculiarities of context factors influencing method and practice selection. In this paper, we utilize exploratory factor analysis and logistic regression analysis to learn such context factors and to identify methods that are correlated with these factors. Our analysis is based on 829 data points from the HELENA dataset. We provide five base clusters of methods consisting of up to 10 methods that lay the foundation for devising hybrid development methods. The analysis of the five clusters using trained models reveals only a few context factors, e.g., project/product size and target application domain, that seem to significantly influence the selection of methods. An extended descriptive analysis of these practices in the context of the identified method clusters also suggests a consolidation of the relevant practice sets used in specific project contexts.}, language = {en} } @techreport{HoegsdalMuenchBaueretal.2020, author = {H{\"o}gsdal, Nils and M{\"u}nch, J{\"u}rgen and Bauer, Harry and Schneider, Hannah and Rehmet, Thomas and R{\"o}sch, Hartmut and Simons, Laura and Kling, Christian and Gentner, Nicole and Coric, Kristina and Mazhar, Laila and Knaus, Lena and Matsekh-Ukrayinskyy, Lyobomyr and Nardiello, June}, title = {Entrepreneurship meets Education - Gr{\"u}ndungskultur an Hochschulen f{\"o}rdern}, editor = {H{\"o}gsdal, Nils and M{\"u}nch, J{\"u}rgen and Bauer, Harry}, publisher = {Hochschule der Medien}, address = {Stuttgart}, isbn = {9783000649790}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29440}, pages = {98}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Hochschulen sind Teil des Innovations{\"o}kosystems: in einer kooperativen Austauschbeziehung f{\"o}rdern sie die regionale Wirtschaft und die gesellschaftliche Entwicklung. Deshalb ist die F{\"o}rderung von Innovation, Kreativit{\"a}t und unternehmerischem Denken eine wichtige Aufgabe. Die Europ{\"a}ische Kommission hat bereits 2005 unternehmerisches Denken und Handeln als Schl{\"u}sselkompetenz f{\"u}r das 21. Jahrhundert definiert: „Unternehmerische Kompetenz ist die F{\"a}higkeit, Ideen in die Tat umzusetzen" (Europ{\"a}ische Kommission, 2005, S. 21). Entrepreneurship Education boomt und die F{\"o}rderung von unternehmerischen Kompetenzen an Hochschulen wird vorangetrieben - damit ist die F{\"o}rderung von Gr{\"u}ndungskultur nicht nur Teil der Wirtschaftsbildung sondern vielmehr als Querschnittsaufgabe zu verstehen. Die Entrepreneurial Mission ver{\"a}ndert die Lehr- und Lern kultur an den Hochschulen. Zum einen ist es Ziel, Entrepreneurship in der Breite an den Hochschulen zu verankern: Unternehmerisches Denken und Handeln ist eine Kernkompetenz. Zum anderen f{\"o}rdert die Start-up Education an Hochschulen aktiv Unternehmertalente und Ausgr{\"u}ndungen. Das Projekt "Spinnovation" ist ein Verbundprojekt der Hochschule Reutlingen, der Hochschule Aalen und der Hochschule der Medien und wird vom Ministerium f{\"u}r Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst Baden-W{\"u}rttemberg in der Ausschreibung „Gr{\"u}ndungskultur in Studium und Lehre" gef{\"o}rdert. Seit 2016 wurden dazu an den beteiligten Hochschulen zahlreiche neue Angebote f{\"u}r Studierende entwickelt, um das Thema Entrepreneurship Education curricular zu integrieren und eine {\"A}nderung des Mindsets in Richtung Entrepreneurship und Innovation zu bewirken. Basierend auf den Erfahrungen und Ergebnissen aus dem Verbundprojekt Spinnovation k{\"o}nnen konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r die Entrepreneurship Education an Hochschulen abgeleitet werden.}, language = {de} } @article{AbrahamssonBotterweckGhanbarietal.2020, author = {Abrahamsson, Pekka and Botterweck, Goetz and Ghanbari, Hadi and Jaatun, Martin Gilje and Kettunen, Petri and Mikkonen, Tommi and Mjeda, Anila and M{\"u}nch, J{\"u}rgen and Nguyen-Duc, Anh and Russo, Barbara and Wang, Xiaofeng}, title = {Towards a secure DevOps approach for cyber-physical systems: an industrial perspective}, series = {International journal of systems and software security and protection : an official publication of the Information Resources Management Association}, volume = {11}, journal = {International journal of systems and software security and protection : an official publication of the Information Resources Management Association}, number = {2}, publisher = {IGI Publishing}, address = {Hershey, PA}, issn = {2640-4265}, doi = {10.4018/IJSSSP.2020070103}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29401}, pages = {38 -- 57}, year = {2020}, abstract = {With the expansion of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) across critical and regulated industries, systems must be continuously updated to remain resilient. At the same time, they should be extremely secure and safe to operate and use. The DevOps approach caters to business demands of more speed and smartness in production, but it is extremely challenging to implement DevOps due to the complexity of critical CPSs and requirements from regulatory authorities. In this study, expert opinions from 33 European companies expose the gap in the current state of practice on DevOps-oriented continuous development and maintenance. The study contributes to research and practice by identifying a set of needs. Subsequently, the authors propose a novel approach called Secure DevOps and provide several avenues for further research and development in this area. The study shows that, because security is a cross-cutting property in complex CPSs, its proficient management requires system-wide competencies and capabilities across the CPSs development and operation.}, language = {en} } @article{TellKluenderKuepperetal.2020, author = {Tell, Paolo and Kl{\"u}nder, Jil and K{\"u}pper, Steffen and Raffo, David and MacDonell, Stephan and M{\"u}nch, J{\"u}rgen and Pfahl, Dietmar and Linssen, Oliver and Kuhrmann, Marco}, title = {Towards the statistical construction of hybrid development methods}, series = {Journal of Software : Evolution and Process}, volume = {33}, journal = {Journal of Software : Evolution and Process}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell}, address = {New York}, issn = {2047-7473}, doi = {10.1002/smr.2315}, pages = {1 -- 20}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Hardly any software development process is used as prescribed by authors or standards. Regardless of company size or industry sector, a majority of project teams and companies use hybrid development methods (short: hybrid methods) that combine different development methods and practices. Even though such hybrid methods are highly individualized, a common understanding of how to systematically construct synergetic practices is missing. In this article, we make a first step towards a statistical construction procedure for hybrid methods. Grounded in 1467 data points from a large-scale practitioner survey, we study the question: What are hybrid methods made of and how can they be systematically constructed? Our findings show that only eight methods and few practices build the core of modern software development. Using an 85\% agreement level in the participants' selections, we provide examples illustrating how hybrid methods can be characterized by the practices they are made of. Furthermore, using this characterization, we develop an initial construction procedure, which allows for defining a method frame and enriching it incrementally to devise a hybrid method using ranked sets of practice.}, language = {en} } @article{Wendler2020, author = {Wendler, Eugen}, title = {Das Meinungsbild von Friedrich List {\"u}ber Russland, insbesondere {\"u}ber sein Machtstreben und seine Expansionspolitik}, series = {List Forum f{\"u}r Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik}, journal = {List Forum f{\"u}r Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {0937-0862}, doi = {10.1007/s41025-020-00200-5}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28695}, pages = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Die Annexion der Krim, die Kriegsf{\"u}hrung in Syrien, das finanzielle Engagement in Zypern, das Tauziehen um die Ukraine und Weißrussland oder die Namensgebung Sputnik 5 f{\"u}r den Impfstoff gegen die Corona Epidemie sind eindeutige Belege f{\"u}r das aktuelle russische Machtstreben - und seine Expansionspolitik. Deshalb ist es nicht uninteressant zu fragen, welches Meinungsbild Friedrich List (1789-1846) von Russland hatte, zumal es heute noch so aktuell, wie vor 180 bis 190 Jahren erscheint und in seinen Schriften dargelegt ist. Dieses Meinungsbild wird in diesem Aufsatz erstmals untersucht und umfassend dargestellt.}, language = {de} } @article{NellingerSchmidtHeineetal.2020, author = {Nellinger, Svenja and Schmidt, Isabelle and Heine, Simon and Volz, Ann-Cathrin and Kluger, Petra}, title = {Adipose stem cell-derived extracellular matrix represents a promising biomaterial by inducing spontaneous formation of prevascular-like structures by mvECs}, series = {Biotechnology \& Bioengineering}, volume = {117}, journal = {Biotechnology \& Bioengineering}, number = {10}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {New York, NY}, issn = {0006-3592}, doi = {10.1002/bit.27481}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28355}, pages = {3160 -- 3172}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Tissue constructs of physiologically relevant scale require a vascular system to maintain cell viability. However, in vitro vascularization of engineered tissues is still a major challenge. Successful approaches are based on a feeder layer (FL) to support vascularization. Here, we investigated whether the supporting effect on the self-assembled formation of prevascular-like structures by microvascular endothelial cells (mvECs) originates from the FL itself or from its extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, we compared the influence of ECM, either derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) or adipogenically differentiated ASCs, with the classical cell-based FL. All cell-derived ECM (cdECM) substrates enabled mvEC growth with high viability. Prevascular-like structures were visualized by immunofluorescence staining of endothelial surface protein CD31 and could be observed on all cdECM and FL substrates but not on control substrate collagen I. On adipogenically differentiated ECM, longer and higher branched structures could be found compared with stem cell cdECM. An increased concentration of proangiogenic factors was found in cdECM substrates and FL approaches compared with controls. Finally, the expression of proteins associated with tube formation (E-selectin and thrombomodulin) was confirmed. These results highlight cdECM as promising biomaterial for adipose tissue engineering by inducing the spontaneous formation of prevascular-like structures by mvECs.}, language = {en} } @article{HackbarthLoebbe2020, author = {Hackbarth, Andr{\´e} and L{\"o}bbe, Sabine}, title = {Attitudes, preferences, and intentions of German households concerning participation in peer-to-peer electricity trading}, series = {Energy policy : the international journal of the political, economic, planning, environmental and social aspects of energy}, volume = {138}, journal = {Energy policy : the international journal of the political, economic, planning, environmental and social aspects of energy}, publisher = {Elsevier Science}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0301-4215}, doi = {10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111238}, pages = {14}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Based on a survey among customers of seven German municipal utilities, we estimate two regression models to identify the most prospective customer segments and their preferences and motivations for participating in peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity trading and develop implications for decision-makers in the energy sector and policy-makers for this currently relatively unknown product. Our results show a large general openness of private households towards P2P electricity trading, which is also the main predictor of respondents' intention to participate. It is mainly influenced by individuals' environmental attitude, technical interest, and independence aspiration. Respondents with the highest willingness to participate in P2P electricity trading are mainly motivated by the ability to share electricity, and to a lesser extent by economic reasons. They also have stronger preferences for innovative pricing schemes (service bundles, time-of-use tariffs). Differences between individuals can be observed depending on their current ownership (prosumers) or installation probability of a microgeneration unit (consumers, planners). Rather than current prosumers, especially planners willing to install microgeneration in the foreseeable future are considered to be the most promising target group for P2P electricity trading. Finally, our results indicate that P2P electricity trading could be a promising niche option in the German energy transition.}, language = {en} } @incollection{ThiemannMuellerKozica2020, author = {Thiemann, Daniel and M{\"u}ller, Madlen and Kozica, Arjan}, title = {Selbstorganisation in komplexen digitalen Arbeitswelten}, series = {Der Mensch in der Selbstorganisation : Kooperationskonzepte f{\"u}r eine dynamische Arbeitswelt}, booktitle = {Der Mensch in der Selbstorganisation : Kooperationskonzepte f{\"u}r eine dynamische Arbeitswelt}, editor = {Geramanis, Olaf and Hutmacher, Stefan}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-27048-3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-27048-3_22}, pages = {337 -- 350}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In digital transformierten Arbeitswelten organisieren die Mitarbeitenden ihre Arbeitszeit, ihren Arbeitsort und die Art und Weise, wie sie Aufgaben erledigen, in gr{\"o}ßerem Umfang selbst. Unternehmen, die im Zuge des Transformationsprozesses den Grad der Selbstorganisation erh{\"o}hen m{\"o}chten, stehen vor einer komplexen Herausforderung. Selbstorganisation betrifft zahlreiche Elemente der Organisation wie Arbeitsaufgaben und Rollen, F{\"u}hrung, Regeln und Kompetenzen. Auf Basis eines empirisch entwickelten Bezugsrahmens, dem Digitalisierungsatlas, k{\"o}nnen die verschiedenen Elemente integrativ betrachtet und die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Dimensionen in den Blick genommen werden. Wird Selbstorganisation ausgehend von der Autonomie der Besch{\"a}ftigten, Arbeitsaufgaben und die eigene Rolle in der Organisation selbst zu beeinflussen, in den Blick genommen, sind insbesondere die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den organisationalen Dimensionen sowie F{\"u}hrung relevant. Die Spannungen zwischen diesen Dimensionen werden n{\"a}her fokussiert. Insgesamt zeigt der Beitrag auf, dass Selbstorganisation nicht als ein unabh{\"a}ngiges Ph{\"a}nomen verstanden werden kann, sondern stets in Wechselwirkung mit anderen Dimensionen steht.}, language = {de} } @article{KehrerBlochinger2020, author = {Kehrer, Stefan and Blochinger, Wolfgang}, title = {Equilibrium: an elasticity controller for parallel tree search in the cloud}, series = {The journal of supercomputing : an international journal of high-performance computer design, analysis and use}, volume = {76}, journal = {The journal of supercomputing : an international journal of high-performance computer design, analysis and use}, number = {11}, publisher = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0920-8542}, doi = {10.1007/s11227-020-03197-y}, pages = {9211 -- 9245}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Elasticity is considered to be the most beneficial characteristic of cloud environments, which distinguishes the cloud from clusters and grids. Whereas elasticity has become mainstream for web-based, interactive applications, it is still a major research challenge how to leverage elasticity for applications from the high-performance computing (HPC) domain, which heavily rely on efficient parallel processing techniques. In this work, we specifically address the challenges of elasticity for parallel tree search applications. Well-known meta-algorithms based on this parallel processing technique include branch-and-bound and backtracking search. We show that their characteristics render static resource provisioning inappropriate and the capability of elastic scaling desirable. Moreover, we discuss how to construct an elasticity controller that reasons about the scaling behavior of a parallel system at runtime and dynamically adapts the number of processing units according to user-defined cost and efficiency thresholds. We evaluate a prototypical elasticity controller based on our findings by employing several benchmarks for parallel tree search and discuss the applicability of the proposed approach. Our experimental results show that, by means of elastic scaling, the performance can be controlled according to user-defined thresholds, which cannot be achieved with static resource provisioning.}, language = {en} } @article{AlKtashHaulerOstertagetal.2020, author = {Al Ktash, Mohammad and Hauler, Otto and Ostertag, Edwin and Brecht, Marc}, title = {Ultraviolet-visible/near infrared spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging to study the different types of raw cotton}, series = {Journal of Spectral Imaging}, volume = {9}, journal = {Journal of Spectral Imaging}, publisher = {IM Publications Open LLP}, address = {Chichester}, issn = {2040-4565}, doi = {10.1255/jsi.2020.a18}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29120}, pages = {1 -- 11}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Different types of raw cotton were investigated by a commercial ultraviolet-visible/near infrared (UV-Vis/NIR) spectrometer (210-2200 nm) as well as on a home-built setup for NIR hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) in the range 1100-2200 nm. UV-Vis/NIR reflection spectroscopy reveals the dominant role proteins, hydrocarbons and hydroxyl groups play in the structure of cotton. NIR-HSI shows a similar result. Experimentally obtained data in combination with principal component analysis (PCA) provides a general differentiation of different cotton types. For UV-Vis/NIR spectroscopy, the first two principal components (PC) represent 82 \% and 78 \% of the total data variance for the UV-Vis and NIR regions, respectively. Whereas, for NIR-HSI, due to the large amount of data acquired, two methodologies for data processing were applied in low and high lateral resolution. In the first method, the average of the spectra from one sample was calculated and in the second method the spectra of each pixel were used. Both methods are able to explain ≥90 \% of total variance by the first two PCs. The results show that it is possible to distinguish between different cotton types based on a few selected wavelength ranges. The combination of HSI and multivariate data analysis has a strong potential in industrial applications due to its short acquisition time and low-cost development. This study opens a novel possibility for a further development of this technique towards real large-scale processes.}, language = {en} } @article{UrdlWeissChristoefletal.2020, author = {Urdl, Katharina and Weiss, Stephanie and Christ{\"o}fl, Petra and Kandelbauer, Andreas and M{\"u}ller, Uwe and Kern, Wolfgang}, title = {Thermomechanical and microhardness data of melamine-formaldehyde-based self-healing resin film able to undergo reversible crosslinking via Diels-Alder reaction}, series = {Data in Brief}, volume = {33}, journal = {Data in Brief}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-3409}, doi = {10.1016/j.dib.2020.106559}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29049}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The data presented in this article characterize the thermomechanical and microhardness properties of a novel melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF) intended for the use as a self-healing surface coating. The investigated MF resin is able to undergo reversible crosslinking via Diels Alder reactive groups. The microhardness data were obtained from nanoindentation measurements performed on solid resin film samples at different stages of the self-healing cycle. Thermomechanical analysis was performed under dynamic load conditions. The data provide supplemental material to the manuscript published by Urdl et al. 2020 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109601) on the self-healing performance of this resin, where a more thorough discussion on the preparation, the properties of this coating material and its application in impregnated paper-based decorative laminates can be found.}, language = {en} } @article{UlitzschBaeuerleChasseetal.2020, author = {Ulitzsch, Steffen and B{\"a}uerle, Tim and Chass{\´e}, Thomas and Lorenz, G{\"u}nter and Kandelbauer, Andreas}, title = {Optimizing the process efficiency of reactive extrusion in the synthesis of vinyltrimethoxysilane-grafted ethylene-octene-copolymer (EOC-g-VTMS) by response surface methodology}, series = {Polymers / Molecular Diversity Preservation International}, volume = {12}, journal = {Polymers / Molecular Diversity Preservation International}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4360}, doi = {10.3390/polym12122798}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29058}, pages = {1 -- 18}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Thermoplastic polymers like ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC) may be grafted with silanes via reactive extrusion to enable subsequent crosslinking for advanced biomaterials manufacture. However, this reactive extrusion process is difficult to control and it is still challenging to reproducibly arrive at well-defined products. Moreover, high grafting degrees require a considerable excess of grafting reagent. A large proportion of the silane passes through the process without reacting and needs to be removed at great expense by subsequent purification. This results in unnecessarily high consumption of chemicals and a rather resource-inefficient process. It is thus desired to be able to define desired grafting degrees with optimum grafting efficiency by means of suitable process control. In this study, the continuous grafting of vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) on ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC) via reactive extrusion was investigated. Successful grafting was verified and quantified by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The effects of five process parameters and their synergistic interactions on grafting degree and grafting efficiency were determined using a face-centered experimental design (FCD). Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to derive a causal process model and define process windows yielding arbitrary grafting degrees between <2 and >5\% at a minimum waste of grafting agent. It was found that the reactive extrusion process was strongly influenced by several second-order interaction effects making this process difficult to control. Grafting efficiencies between 75 and 80\% can be realized as long as grafting degrees <2\% are admitted.}, language = {en} } @article{Herzog2020, author = {Herzog, Bodo}, title = {Ultra-vires-Akt : Das Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts zum Staatsanleihekaufprogramm der Europ{\"a}ischen Zentralbank als Neuanfang}, series = {Die politische Meinung / Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung}, volume = {65}, journal = {Die politische Meinung / Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung}, number = {565}, publisher = {Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung}, address = {Sankt Augustin}, issn = {0032-3446}, pages = {92 -- 97}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Das Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts (BVerfG) vom 5. Mai 2020 ist Schlusspunkt und zugleich Neuanfang nach einer jahrelangen verfassungsrechtlichen und {\"o}konomischen Auseinandersetzung. Im Prinzip geht es um die konstituierenden Prinzipien der Eurozone sowie das Mandat der Europ{\"a}ischen Zentralbank (EZB). Der EU-Vertrag charakterisiert die Leitplanken der Wirtschafts- und W{\"a}hrungsunion (WWU) im Spannungsfeld der Art. 119, 123 und 125 des Vertrags {\"u}ber die Arbeitsweise der Europ{\"a}ischen Union (AEUV). Mithin liegt die wirtschaftspolitische Souver{\"a}nit{\"a}t - nach dem Prinzip Haftung und Kontrolle - allein bei den Mitgliedstaaten. Die Organe der Europ{\"a}ischen Union (EU) sowie der Gerichtshof der Europ{\"a}ischen Union (EuGH) legen diese Leitplanken gem{\"a}ß dem Leitgedanken in Art. 1 des Vertrags {\"u}ber die Europ{\"a}ische Union (EUV) einer „ever closer union" regelm{\"a}ßig mit weitem Ermessen aus.}, language = {de} } @article{HahnHaemmerlingHaistetal.2020, author = {Hahn, Robin and H{\"a}mmerling, Freya-Elin and Haist, Tobias and Fleischle, David and Schwanke, Oliver and Hauler, Otto and Rebner, Karsten and Brecht, Marc and Osten, Wolfgang}, title = {Detailed characterization of a mosaic based hyperspectral snapshot imager}, series = {Optical Engineering}, volume = {59}, journal = {Optical Engineering}, number = {12}, publisher = {SPIE, The International Society for Optical Engineering}, address = {Bellingham, Washington, USA}, issn = {0036-1860}, doi = {10.1117/1.OE.59.12.125102}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28919}, pages = {14}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Some widely used optical measurement systems require a scan in wavelength or in one spatial dimension to measure the topography in all three dimensions. Novel hyperspectral sensors based on an extended Bayer pattern have a high potential to solve this issue as they can measure three dimensions in a single shot. This paper presents a detailed examination of a hyperspectral sensor including a description of the measurement setup. The evaluated sensor (Ximea MQ022HG-IM-SM5X5-NIR) offers 25 channels based on Fabry-P{\´e}rot filters. The setup illuminates the sensor with discrete wavelengths under a specified angle of incidence. This allows characterization of the spatial and angular response of every channel of each macropixel of the tested sensor on the illumination. The results of the characterization form the basis for a spectral reconstruction of the signal, which is essential to obtain an accurate spectral image. It turned out that irregularities of the signal response for the individual filters are present across the whole sensor.}, language = {en} } @article{ThebaultKutuzovaJuryetal.2020, author = {Th{\´e}bault, Marion and Kutuzova, Larysa and Jury, Sandra and Eicher, Iris and Zikulnig-Rusch, Edith-Martha and Kandelbauer, Andreas}, title = {Effect of phenolation, lignin-type and degree of substitution on the properties of lignin-modified phenol-formaldehyde impregnation resins: molecular weight distribution, wetting behavior, rheological properties and thermal curing profiles}, series = {Journal of renewable materials : JRM}, volume = {8}, journal = {Journal of renewable materials : JRM}, number = {6}, publisher = {Tech Science Press}, address = {Henderson, Nevada}, issn = {2164-6325}, doi = {10.32604/jrm.2020.09616}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29207}, pages = {603 -- 630}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Here, the effects of substituting portions of fossil-based phenol in phenol formaldehyde resin by renewable lignin from two different sources are investigated using a factorial screening experimental design. Among the resins consumed by the wood-based industry, phenolics are one of the most important types used for impregnation, coating or gluing purposes. They are prepared by condensing phenol with formaldehyde (PF). One major use of PF is as matrix polymer for decorative laminates in exterior cladding and wet-room applications. Important requirements for such PFs are favorable flow properties (low viscosity), rapid curing behavior (high reactivity) and sufficient self-adhesion capacity (high residual curing potential). Partially substituting phenol in PF with bio-based phenolic co-reagents like lignin modifies the physicochemical properties of the resulting resin. In this study, phenol-formaldehyde formulations were synthesized where either 30\% or 50\% (in weight) of the phenol monomer were substituted by either sodium lignosulfonate or Kraft lignin. The effect of modifying the lignin material by phenolation before incorporation into the resin synthesis was also investigated. The resins so obtained were characterized by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), rheology, and measurements of contact angle and surface tension using the Wilhelmy plate method and drop shape analysis.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidtNowakowskiKluger2020, author = {Schmidt, Freia and Nowakowski, Sophia and Kluger, Petra}, title = {Improvement of a three-layered in vitro skin model for topical application of irritating substances}, series = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology}, volume = {8}, journal = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-4185}, doi = {10.3389/fbioe.2020.00388}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29114}, pages = {1 -- 11}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In the field of skin tissue engineering, the development of physiologically relevant in vitro skin models comprising all skin layers, namely epidermis, dermis, and subcutis, is a great challenge. Increasing regulatory requirements and the ban on animal experiments for substance testing demand the development of reliable and in vivo-like test systems, which enable high-throughput screening of substances. However, the reproducibility and applicability of in vitro testing has so far been insufficient due to fibroblast-mediated contraction. To overcome this pitfall, an advanced 3-layered skin model was developed. While the epidermis of standard skin models showed an 80\% contraction, the initial epidermal area of our advanced skin models was maintained. The improved barrier function of the advanced models was quantified by an indirect barrier function test and a permeability assay. Histochemical and immunofluorescence staining of the advanced model showed well-defined epidermal layers, a dermal part with distributed human dermal fibroblasts and a subcutis with round-shaped adipocytes. The successful response of these advanced 3-layered models for skin irritation testing demonstrated the suitability as an in vitro model for these clinical tests: only the advanced model classified irritative and non-irritative substances correctly. These results indicate that the advanced set up of the 3-layered in vitro skin model maintains skin barrier function and therefore makes them more suitable for irritation testing.}, language = {en} } @article{ThebaultLiBeucetal.2020, author = {Th{\´e}bault, Marion and Li, Ya and Beuc, Christopher and Fr{\"o}mel-Frybort, Stephan and Zikulnig-Rusch, Edith-Martha and Kutuzova, Larysa and Kandelbauer, Andreas}, title = {Impregnated paper-based decorative laminates prepared from lignin-substituted phenolic resins}, series = {Journal of renewable materials : JRM}, volume = {8}, journal = {Journal of renewable materials : JRM}, number = {10}, publisher = {Tech Science Press}, address = {Henderson, Nevada}, issn = {2164-6325}, doi = {10.32604/jrm.2020.09755}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29198}, pages = {1181 -- 1198}, year = {2020}, abstract = {High Pressure Laminates (HPL) panels consist of stacks of self-gluing paper sheets soaked with phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins. An important requirement for such PFs is that they must rapidly penetrate and saturate the paper pores. Partially substituting phenol with bio-based phenolic chemicals like lignin changes the physico-chemical properties of the resin and affects its ability to penetrate the paper. In this study, PF formulations containing different proportions of lignosulfonate and kraft lignin were used to prepare paper-based laminates. The penetration of a Kraft paper sheet was characterized by a recently introduced, new device measuring the conductivity between both sides of the paper sheet after a drop of resin was placed on the surface and allowed to penetrate the sheet. The main target value measured was the time required for a specific resin to completely penetrate the defined paper sample ("penetration time"). This penetration time generally depends on the molecular weight distribution, the flow behavior and the polarity of the resin which in turn are dependent on the manufacturing conditions of the resin. In the present study, the influences of the three process factors: (1) type of lignin material used for substitution, (2) lignin modification by phenolation and (3) degree of phenol substitution on the penetration times of various lignin-phenolic hybrid impregnation resins were studied using a complete twolevel three-factorial experimental design. Thin laminates made with the resins diluted in methanol were mechanically tested in terms of tensile and flexural strains, and their cross-sections were studied by light microscopy.}, language = {en} } @article{BaeuerleUlitzschLorenzetal.2020, author = {B{\"a}uerle, Tim and Ulitzsch, Steffen and Lorenz, Anita and Rebner, Karsten and Chass{\´e}, Thomas and Kandelbauer, Andreas and Lorenz, G{\"u}nter}, title = {Effects of process parameters on silane grafting of liquid ethylene-propylene copolymer by reactive extrusion as quantified by response surface methodology}, series = {Polymer : the international journal for the science and technology of polymers}, volume = {202}, journal = {Polymer : the international journal for the science and technology of polymers}, publisher = {Elsevier Science}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0032-3861}, doi = {10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122601}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Here, we report the continuous peroxide-initiated grafting of vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) onto a standard polyolefin by means of reactive extrusion to produce a functionalized liquid ethylene propylene copolymer (EPM). The effects of the process parameters governing the grafting reaction and their synergistic interactions are identified, quantified and used in a mathematical model of the extrusion process. As process variables the VTMS and peroxide concentrations and the extruder temperature setting were systematically studied for their influence on the grafting and the relative grafting degree using a face-centered central composite design (FCD). The grafting degree was quantified by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to calculate the most efficient grafting process in terms of chemical usage and graft yield. With the defined processing window, it was possible to make precise predictions about the grafting degree with at the same time highest possible relative degree of grafting.}, language = {en} } @book{Carlowitz2020, author = {Carlowitz, Philipp von}, title = {Success in the bottom of the pyramid market in Africa : The case of multinational pharmaceutical companies}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham, Switzerland}, isbn = {978-3-030-59068-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-59068-0}, pages = {1 -- 120}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This book presents an empirical investigation of the efforts that multinational pharmaceutical companies take in order to find a business model that allows for a profitable access to the Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) markets. The Bottom of the Pyramid in Africa is frequently mentioned as an attractive market due to its sheer size. Yet most companies struggle to access it because of the low price level, difficult physical market access and challenges when it comes to payment. More specifically, the book investigates the following business model-related questions: Do pharmaceutical companies provide products that meet the needs of the BoP? What characterizes the value generation of the company? What revenue model leads to a profitable business, and what role does a network of partners play in the business model? Findings reveal that there is no 'one-size-fits-all' answer to these questions. Providing continuous availability, affordability at a good quality of goods and services, creating health awareness, as well as localizing business to achieve a level of inclusivenessare essential prerequisites for success. In the last chapter this book provides a business model prototype that accounts for these key success factors for business at the Bottom of the Pyramid and points to further research topics.}, language = {en} } @article{Conrads2020, author = {Conrads, Markus}, title = {Verj{\"a}hrungsfristen bei internationalen Kaufvertr{\"a}gen}, series = {Außenwirtschaft aktuell / IHK, Industrie- und Handelskammer Region Stuttgart}, journal = {Außenwirtschaft aktuell / IHK, Industrie- und Handelskammer Region Stuttgart}, number = {9-10}, publisher = {Industrie- und Handelskammer Region Stuttgart}, address = {Stuttgart}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29149}, pages = {18 -- 19}, year = {2020}, abstract = {F{\"u}r den Unternehmer wichtig ist, binnen welcher Fristen er als K{\"a}ufer seine Rechte bei Sachm{\"a}ngeln geltend machen muss. Ist der Unternehmer Verk{\"a}ufer, kann er sich erst nach Verj{\"a}hrungsvollendung endg{\"u}ltig zur{\"u}cklehnen und sicher sein, dass keine Gew{\"a}hrleistungsanspr{\"u}che gegen ihn mehr geltend gemacht werden k{\"o}nnen. Im nationalen Rechtsverkehr hat man sich auf Verk{\"a}ufer- und K{\"a}uferseite mittlerweile an die zweij{\"a}hrige Regelfrist im BGB gew{\"o}hnt. Welche Fristen im Auslandsgesch{\"a}ft gelten, ist dagegen oft unklar, weil sich die nationalen Verj{\"a}hrungsfristen oft unterscheiden: Allein in Europa gibt es bei der kaufrechtlichen Gew{\"a}hrleistung Verj{\"a}hrungsfristen zwischen sechs Monaten und sechs Jahren.}, language = {de} } @article{KellerBakkerKimmeletal.2021, author = {Keller, Silke and Bakker, Tomke and Kimmel, Benjamin and Rebers, Lisa and G{\"o}tz, Tobias and Tovar, G{\"u}nter and Kluger, Petra and Southan, Alexander}, title = {Azido-functionalized gelatin via direct conversion of lysine amino groups by diazo transfer as a building block for biofunctional hydrogels}, series = {Journal of biomedical materials research, Part A}, volume = {109}, journal = {Journal of biomedical materials research, Part A}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {New York}, issn = {1549-3296}, doi = {10.1002/jbm.a.37008}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29133}, pages = {77 -- 91}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Gelatin is one of the most prominent biopolymers in biomedical material research and development. It is frequently used in hybrid hydrogels, which combine the advantageous properties of bio-based and synthetic polymers. To prevent the biological component from leaching out of the hydrogel, the biomolecules can be equipped with azides. Those groups can be used to immobilize gelatin covalently in hydrogels by the highly selective and specific azide-alkyne cycloaddition. In this contribution, we functionalized gelatin with azides at its lysine residues by diazo transfer, which offers the great advantage of only minimal side-chain extension. Approximately 84-90\% of the amino groups are modified as shown by 1H-NMR spectroscopy, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid assay as well as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, rheology, and the determination of the isoelectric point. Furthermore, the azido-functional gelatin is incorporated into hydrogels based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA) at different concentrations (0.6, 3.0, and 5.5\%). All hydrogels were classified as noncyctotoxic with significantly enhanced cell adhesion of human fibroblasts on their surfaces compared to pure PEG-DA hydrogels. Thus, the new gelatin derivative is found to be a very promising building block for tailoring the bioactivity of materials.}, language = {en} } @article{LeuchtVolzRogaletal.2020, author = {Leucht, Annika and Volz, Ann-Cathrin and Rogal, Julia and Borchers, Kirsten and Kluger, Petra}, title = {Advanced gelatin-based vascularization bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting of vascularized bone equivalents}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {10}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-62166-w}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29105}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Bone tissue is highly vascularized. The crosstalk of vascular and osteogenic cells is not only responsible for the formation of the strongly divergent tissue types but also for their physiological maintenance and repair. Extrusion-based bioprinting presents a promising fabrication method for bone replacement. It allows for the production of large-volume constructs, which can be tailored to individual tissue defect geometries. In this study, we used the all-gelatin-based toolbox of methacryl-modified gelatin (GM), non-modified gelatin (G) and acetylated GM (GMA) to tailor both the properties of the bioink towards improved printability, and the properties of the crosslinked hydrogel towards enhanced support of vascular network formation by simple blending. The vasculogenic behavior of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) and human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) was evaluated in the different hydrogel formulations for 14 days. Co-culture constructs including a vascular component and an osteogenic component (i.e. a bone bioink based on GM, hydroxyapatite and ASCs) were fabricated via extrusion-based bioprinting. Bioprinted co-culture constructs exhibited functional tissue-specific cells whose interplay positively affected the formation and maintenance of vascular-like structures. The setup further enabled the deposition of bone matrix associated proteins like collagen type I, fibronectin and alkaline phosphatase within the 30-day culture.}, language = {en} } @article{KellerLiedekShendietal.2020, author = {Keller, Silke and Liedek, Anke and Shendi, Dalia and Bach, Monika and Tovar, G{\"u}nter and Kluger, Petra and Southan, Alexander}, title = {Eclectic characterisation of chemically modified cell-derived matrices obtained by metabolic glycoengineering and re-assessment of commonly used methods}, series = {RSC Advances : an international journal to further the chemical sciences / Royal Society of Chemistry}, volume = {10}, journal = {RSC Advances : an international journal to further the chemical sciences / Royal Society of Chemistry}, number = {58}, publisher = {RSC Publishing}, address = {London}, issn = {2046-2069}, doi = {10.1039/D0RA06819E}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29076}, pages = {35273 -- 35286}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Azide-bearing cell-derived extracellular matrices ("clickECMs") have emerged as a highly exciting new class of biomaterials. They conserve substantial characteristics of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) and offer simultaneously small abiotic functional groups that enable bioorthogonal bioconjugation reactions. Despite their attractiveness, investigation of their biomolecular composition is very challenging due to the insoluble and highly complex nature of cell-derived matrices (CDMs). Yet, thorough qualitative and quantitative analysis of the overall material composition, organisation, localisation, and distribution of typical ECM-specific biomolecules is essential for consistent advancement of CDMs and the understanding of the prospective functions of the developed biomaterial. In this study, we evaluated frequently used methods for the analysis of complex CDMs. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and (immune)histochemical staining methods in combination with several microscopic techniques were found to be highly eligible. Commercially available colorimetric protein assays turned out to deliver inaccurate information on CDMs. In contrast, we determined the nitrogen content of CDMs by elementary analysis and converted it into total protein content using conversion factors which were calculated from matching amino acid compositions. The amount of insoluble collagens was assessed based on the hydroxyproline content. The Sircol™ assay was identified as a suitable method to quantify soluble collagens while the Blyscan™ assay was found to be well-suited for the quantification of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs). Eventually, we propose a series of suitable methods to reliably characterise the biomolecular composition of fibroblast-derived clickECM.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PawlowskivanDinther2020, author = {Pawlowski, Tizian and van Dinther, Clemens}, title = {Assessing the impact of electric vehicle charging behavior on the distribution grid}, series = {Sprache Englisch AMCIS 2020 proceedings - Green IS and sustainability (SIGGreen)}, booktitle = {Sprache Englisch AMCIS 2020 proceedings - Green IS and sustainability (SIGGreen)}, publisher = {Americas conference on information systems : AMCIS / Association for Information Systems}, address = {Atlanta, Georgia, USA}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The promise of the EVs is twofold. First, rejuvenating a transport sector that still heavily depends on fossil fuels and second, integrating intermittent renewable energies into the power mix. However, it is still not clear how electricity networks will cope with the predicted increase in EVs and their charging demand, especially in combination with conventional energy demand. This paper proposes a methodology which allows to predict the impact of EV charging behavior on the electricity grid. Moreover, this model simulates the driving and charging behavior of heterogeneous EV drivers which differ in their mobility pattern, decision-making heuristics and charging strategies. The simulations show that uncoordinated charging results in charging load clustering. In contrast, decentralized coordination allows to fill the valleys of the conventional load curve and to integrate EVs without the need of a costly expansion of the electricity grid.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BauervanDintherKiefer2020, author = {Bauer, Markus and van Dinther, Clemens and Kiefer, Daniel}, title = {Machine learning in SME: an empirical study on enablers and success factors}, series = {AMCIS 2020 proceedings - Advancings in information systems research : August 10-14, 2020, Online}, booktitle = {AMCIS 2020 proceedings - Advancings in information systems research : August 10-14, 2020, Online}, publisher = {Americas conference on information systems : AMCIS / Association for Information Systems}, address = {Atlanta, Georgia, USA}, pages = {1 -- 10}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Machine learning (ML) techniques are rapidly evolving, both in academia and practice. However, enterprises show different maturity levels in successfully implementing ML techniques. Thus, we review the state of adoption of ML in enterprises. We find that ML technologies are being increasingly adopted in enterprises, but that small and medium-size enterprises (SME) are struggling with the introduction in comparison to larger enterprises. In order to identify enablers and success factors we conduct a qualitative empirical study with 18 companies in different industries. The results show that especially SME fail to apply ML technologies due to insufficient ML knowhow. However, partners and appropriate tools can compensate this lack of resources. We discuss approaches to bridge the gap for SME.}, language = {en} } @article{KlugerNellingerHeineetal.2020, author = {Kluger, Petra and Nellinger, Svenja and Heine, Simon and Volz, Ann-Cathrin}, title = {Cell-derived extracellular matrix as maintaining biomaterial for adipogenic differentiation}, series = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering}, volume = {6}, journal = {Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering}, number = {3}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2364-5504}, doi = {10.1515/cdbme-2020-3106}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29096}, pages = {1 -- 4}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The extracellular matrix (ECM) naturally surrounds cells in humans, and therefore represents the ideal biomaterial for tissue engineering. ECM from different tissues exhibit different composition and physical characteristics. Thus, ECM provides not only physical support but also contains crucial biochemical signals that influence cell adhesion, morphology, proliferation and differentiation. Next to native ECM from mature tissue, ECM can also be obtained from the in vitro culture of cells. In this study, we aimed to highlight the supporting effect of cell-derived- ECM (cdECM) on adipogenic differentiation. ASCs were seeded on top of cdECM from ASCs (scdECM) or pre-adipocytes (acdECM). The impact of ECM on cellular activity was determined by LDH assay, WST I assay and BrdU assay. A supporting effect of cdECM substrates on adipogenic differentiation was determined by oil red O staining and subsequent quantification. Results revealed no effect of cdECM substrates on cellular activity. Regarding adipogenic differentiation a supporting effect of cdECM substrates was obtained compared to control. With these results, we confirm cdECM as a promising biomaterial for adipose tissue engineering.}, language = {en} } @incollection{LoebbeHackbarthStillahnetal.2020, author = {L{\"o}bbe, Sabine and Hackbarth, Andr{\´e} and Stillahn, Thies and Pfeiffer, Luis and Rohbogner, Gregor}, title = {Chapter 4 - Customer participation in P2P trading: a German energy community case study}, series = {Behind and Beyond the Meter : Digitalization, Aggregation, Optimization, Monetization}, booktitle = {Behind and Beyond the Meter : Digitalization, Aggregation, Optimization, Monetization}, editor = {Sioshansi, Fereidoon}, publisher = {Elsevier Inc.}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {978-0-12-819951-0}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-819951-0.00004-9}, pages = {83 -- 104}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The generous feed-in tariffs (FiTs) introduced in Germany—which resulted in major growth in decentralized solar photovoltaic (PV) systems—will phase out in the coming years, making many of the existing distributed generation assets stranded. This challenge creates an opportunity for community-focused energy utilities, such as Elektrizit{\"a}tswerke Sch{\"o}nau eG (EWS) based in Sch{\"o}nau, Germany, to try a new approach to assist its customers, makes the transition to a more sustainable future. This chapter describes how EWS is developing products and offering community-based solutions including peer-to-peer trading using automated platforms. Such innovative offering may lead to successful differentiation in a competitive and highly decentralized future.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BurchStaudtFrommeretal.2020, author = {Burch, Michael and Staudt, Yves and Frommer, Sina and Uttenweiler, Janis and Grupp, Peter and H{\"a}hnle, Steffen and Scheytt, Josia and Kloos, Uwe}, title = {PasVis: enhancing public transport maps with interactive passenger data visualizations}, series = {VINCI '20: proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction : December 8-10, 2020, Eindhoven, Netherlands}, booktitle = {VINCI '20: proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction : December 8-10, 2020, Eindhoven, Netherlands}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8750-7}, doi = {10.1145/3430036.3430061}, pages = {1 -- 8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Public transport maps are typically designed in a way to support route finding tasks for passengers while they also provide an overview about stations, metro lines, and city-specific attractions. Most of those maps are designed as a static representation, maybe placed in a metro station or printed in a travel guide. In this paper we describe a dynamic, interactive public transport map visualization enhanced by additional views for the dynamic passenger data on different levels of temporal granularity. Moreover, we also allow extra statistical information in form of density plots, calendar-based visualizations, and line graphs. All this information is linked to the contextual metro map to give a viewer insights into the relations between time points and typical routes taken by the passengers. We illustrate the usefulness of our interactive visualization by applying it to the railway system of Hamburg in Germany while also taking into account the extra passenger data. As another indication for the usefulness of the interactively enhanced metro maps we conducted a user experiment with 20 participants.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KlimmAyenWalczaketal.2020, author = {Klimm, Maren and Ayen, Daniel and Walczak, Dominik and Tullius, Gabriela and Kloos, Uwe}, title = {Jump 'n' Run in AR - ein kooperatives mobiles Spiel}, series = {GI VR / AR Workshop 2020 : September 24-25, 2020, Trier}, booktitle = {GI VR / AR Workshop 2020 : September 24-25, 2020, Trier}, editor = {Weyers, Benjamin and L{\"u}rig, Christoph and Zielasko, Daniel}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V}, address = {Bonn}, doi = {10.18420/vrar2020_16}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28868}, pages = {1 -- 12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {JumpAR kombiniert die Welt der Augmented Reality (AR) mit dem weltbekannten Jump 'n' Run Genre in einem Mobile Game. Der Spieler kreiert einen individuellen Spielparcours in seiner realen Umgebung und navigiert seine Spielfigur auf virtuellen Plattformen durch diesen. Der mit Unity entwickelte JumpAR Prototyp wurde nach Umsetzungen der Grundfunktionen und Mechaniken im Rahmen eines Nutzertests analysiert. Die Integration von echten Gegenst{\"a}nden aus dem Umfeld des Spielers f{\"u}hrt im Spielfluss zu einer starken Verkn{\"u}pfung der virtuellen und realen Welt, was eine neue AR-Interaktionsform f{\"u}r Handyspiele darstellt.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Schulz2020, author = {Schulz, Franziska}, title = {Systemische Betrachtung des therapeutischen Roboters Paro im Vergleich zu dem Haustierroboter AIBO}, series = {GI-Edition : lecture notes in informatics ; series of the Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik. Seminars : September 30-October 1, 2020, Karlsruhe}, volume = {S 16}, booktitle = {GI-Edition : lecture notes in informatics ; series of the Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik. Seminars : September 30-October 1, 2020, Karlsruhe}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V. (GI)}, address = {Bonn}, isbn = {978-3-88579-750-0}, issn = {1614-3213}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28955}, pages = {11 -- 22}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Roboter sind in der heutigen Zeit nicht nur in der Industrie zu finden, sondern werden immer h{\"a}ufiger in privaten Lebensbereichen eingesetzt. Ein Beispiel hierf{\"u}r ist der soziale Therapie-Roboter Paro. Dieser ist dem Verhalten und Aussehen einer jungen Robbe nachempfunden, dr{\"u}ckt Gef{\"u}hle aus und wird besonders in Pflegeheimen eingesetzt. Dabei zeigt er positive Auswirkungen auf das Wohlbefinden pflegebed{\"u}rftiger Menschen. Diese Arbeit stellt den Roboter Paro in einer systemischen Analyse dar: hierbei werden Systemkontext, Anwendungsf{\"a}lle, Anforderungen und Struktur betrachtet. Anschließend erfolgt eine Analyse des Haustierroboters AIBO, welcher einem Welpen {\"a}hnelt und verst{\"a}rkt der Unterhaltung von Privatpersonen dient. Es werden Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen den Systemen herausgearbeitet. Dabei wird ersichtlich, dass beide Systeme dem Nutzer vorrangig Gesellschaft leisten, jedoch verschiedene Anforderungen besitzen und in unterschiedlichen Anwendungsdom{\"a}nen eingesetzt werden. Zudem besitzt AIBO vielf{\"a}ltigere F{\"a}higkeiten und einen h{\"o}heren Bewegungsgrad als Paro. Dies spiegelt sich in einer komplexeren Struktur der Hardware wider.}, language = {de} } @article{TchegPouhe2020, author = {Tcheg, Paul and Pouh{\`e}, David}, title = {A design methodology for the implementation of planar spiral atennas with an integrated corporate feed}, series = {Progress in Electromagnetics Research C : PIER C}, volume = {106}, journal = {Progress in Electromagnetics Research C : PIER C}, publisher = {EMW Publishing}, address = {Cambridge, Mass.}, issn = {1937-8718}, doi = {10.2528/PIERC20071304}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28931}, pages = {239 -- 253}, year = {2020}, abstract = {A methodology for designing planar spiral antennas with a feeding network embedded within a dielectric is presented. To avoid a purely academic work which may not be manufactured with available standard technologies, the approach takes into account manufacturing process requirements by choice of used materials in the simulation. General design rules are provided. They encompass amongst others, selection criteria for dielectric material, aspects to consider when sketching the radiating element design, as well as those for the implementation of the feeding network. A rule of thumb, which maybe helpful in the determination of the antenna supporting substrate's height, has been found. The appeal of the method resides in the fact that it eases up the design process and helps to minimize errors, saving time and money. The approach also enables the design of a compact and small-size spiral antenna as antenna-in-package (AiP), and provides the opportunity to assemble the antenna with other RF components/systems on the same layer stack or on the same integration platform.}, language = {en} } @incollection{JungerMoellerMaleketal.2020, author = {Junger, Denise and M{\"o}ller, Yvonne and Malek, Nisar and Thies, Christian}, title = {Die bwHealthApp: Eine Plattform und Infrastruktur zum dauerhaften dezentralen individuellen Patientenmonitoring f{\"u}r die personalisierte Medizin}, series = {mHealth-Anwendungen f{\"u}r chronisch Kranke}, booktitle = {mHealth-Anwendungen f{\"u}r chronisch Kranke}, editor = {Pfannstiel, Mario and Holl, Felix and Swoboda, Walter}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-29132-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-29133-4_7}, pages = {107 -- 133}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Die rasante Entwicklung der Sensortechnik im Endverbraucherbereich l{\"a}sst einen klinischen Nutzen der verf{\"u}gbaren dezentral erhobenen Daten aus dem Patientenalltag zur {\"U}berwachung des individuellen Gesundheitszustands vermuten. Zur {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung dieser Vermutung ist die Bereitstellung einer entsprechenden Plattform in den klinischen Alltag erforderlich. Hierzu wird die bwHealthApp entwickelt, mit der sowohl die aktuelle Bandbreite als auch die Evolution der Sensortechnik auf die klinische Anwendung abbildbar ist. Mit dem flexiblen Entwurf l{\"a}sst sich der klinische Nutzen f{\"u}r die personalisierte Medizin evaluieren. Außerdem bietet die bwHealthApp einen an Machbarkeit orientierten Diskussionsbeitrag zu offenen rechtlichen, regulatorischen und ethischen Fragestellungen der Digitalisierung in der Medizin in Deutschland.}, language = {de} } @incollection{MeyerBaeumer2020, author = {Meyer, Denise and B{\"a}umer, Thomas}, title = {Less meat, less heat - the potential of social marketing to reduce meat consumption}, series = {Innovations for metropolitan areas: Intelligent solutions for mobility, logistics and infrastructure designed for citizens}, booktitle = {Innovations for metropolitan areas: Intelligent solutions for mobility, logistics and infrastructure designed for citizens}, editor = {Planing, Patrick and M{\"u}ller, Patrick and Dehdari, Payam and B{\"a}umer, Thomas}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-662-60805-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-60806-7_13}, pages = {157 -- 168}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The livestock sector is growing steadily and is responsible for around 18\% of global greenhouse-gas-emissions, which is more than the global transport sec-tor (Steinfeld et al. 2006). This paper examines the potential of social marketing to reduce meat consumption. The aim is to understand consumers' motivation in diet choices and to learn what opportunities social marketing can provide to counteract negative environmental and health trends. The authors believe that research to answer this question should start in metropolitan areas, be-cause measures should be especially effective there. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB, Ajzen 1991) and the Technology-Acceptance-Model by Huijts et al. (2012), an online-study with participants from the metropolitan region (n = 708) was conducted in which central socio-psychological constructs for a meat consumption reduction were examined. It was shown that attitude, personal norm and habit have a critical influence on the intention to reduce meat consumption. A segmentation of consumers based on these factors led to three consumer clusters: vegetarians/flexitarians, potential flexitarians and convinced meat eaters. Potential flexitarians are an especially relevant target group for the development of social-marketing-measures to reduce meat consumption. In co-creation-workshops with potential flexitarians from the metropolitan region, barriers and benefits of reducing meat consumption were identified. The factors of environmental protection, animal welfare and desire for variety turn out to be the most relevant motivational factors. Based on these factors, consumers proposed a variety of social marketing measures, such as applications and labels to inform about the environmental impact of meat products.}, language = {en} } @incollection{SchuetzSchusser2020, author = {Sch{\"u}tz, Tobias and Schusser, Stephan}, title = {Digitalisierung in der Bauzulieferbranche - Ein Strategieframework}, series = {Digitale Transformation in der Unternehmenspraxis}, booktitle = {Digitale Transformation in der Unternehmenspraxis}, editor = {Dahm, Markus and Thode, Stefan}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-28557-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-28557-9_20}, pages = {397 -- 417}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Wie kann die Digitalisierung in der Bauzulieferbranche erfolgreich gemeistert werden? Die F{\"u}lle und Komplexit{\"a}t der Fragen dazu lassen sich auf zwei zentrale Kernfragen reduzieren: Was sind die richtigen Inhalte und wesentlichen Werttreiber der Digitalisierung? Und wie muss zuk{\"u}nftig mit der steigenden Informationsflut, der rasant wachsenden Komplexit{\"a}t und der abnehmenden Planbarkeit umgegangen werden? In diesem Beitrag wird ein Framework vorgestellt, das Bauzulieferern hilft, ihr digitales Zielbild mit seinen Werttreibern systematisch aus dem Kundennutzen abzuleiten. Das Framework ber{\"u}cksichtigt die Besonderheiten der Bauzulieferindustrie, kann aber mit leichten Anpassungen auch auf andere Branchen angewendet werden. Aufbauend auf dem Zielbild k{\"o}nnen Unternehmen definieren, welche technischen, personellen und organisatorischen Ver{\"a}nderungen f{\"u}r dessen Umsetzung erforderlich sind. Um flexibel mit den dynamischen Ver{\"a}nderungen in ihrem {\"O}kosystem und kulturellen Herausforderungen umgehen zu k{\"o}nnen, werden zudem f{\"u}nf Einflussgr{\"o}ßen identifiziert, die Unternehmen bei der Entwicklung der daf{\"u}r ben{\"o}tigten Evolutionskompetenz ber{\"u}cksichtigen m{\"u}ssen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{BruecknerSadriKloosetal.2020, author = {Br{\"u}ckner, Alexander and Sadri, Wafa and Kloos, Uwe and Tullius, Gabriela}, title = {ViRGOS - Virtual Reality Gravity Offload System}, series = {GI VR / AR Workshop 2020 : September 24-25, 2020, Trier}, booktitle = {GI VR / AR Workshop 2020 : September 24-25, 2020, Trier}, editor = {Weyers, Benjamin and L{\"u}rig, Christoph and Zielasko, Daniel}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V}, address = {Bonn}, doi = {10.18420/vrar2020_13}, pages = {4}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In diesem Beitrag wird ein neuer Ansatz vorgestellt, welcher eine schwerkraftreduzierte Navigation innerhalb einer VR-Umgebung erlaubt, wie beispielsweise ein simulierter Mondspaziergang. Zur Navigation in der VR-Umgebung wird der Cyberith Virtualizer ein-gesetzt. Die Schwerkraftsimulation erfolgt mittels eines einstellbaren Gurtsystems, das anelastischen Seilen aufgeh{\"a}ngt wird und abgestufte Schwerkraftkompensationen erlaubt. Als Umgebung wurde ein Raumschiffszenario sowie eine Mondoberfl{\"a}che generiert. Hier sind in der aktuellen Anwendung einfache Interaktionen m{\"o}glich. In Anlehnung an existierende Gravity Offload Systeme wird die L{\"o}sung ViRGOS bezeichnet. ViRGOS wurde bereits bei verschiedenen Besuchsterminen und Hochschulevents eingesetzt, so dass erste R{\"u}ckmeldungen von Nutzern eingeholt werden konnten.}, language = {de} } @article{WuzellaMahendranKandelbauer2020, author = {Wuzella, G{\"u}nter and Mahendran, Arunjunai Raj and Kandelbauer, Andreas}, title = {Green composite material made from Typha latifolia fibres bonded with an epoxidized linseed oil/tall oil-based polyamide binder system}, series = {Journal of renewable materials : JRM}, volume = {8}, journal = {Journal of renewable materials : JRM}, number = {5}, publisher = {Tech Science Press}, address = {Henderson, Nevada}, issn = {2164-6325}, doi = {10.32604/jrm.2020.09615}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-29173}, pages = {499 -- 512}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Here, we report the mechanical and water sorption properties of a green composite based on Typha latifolia fibres. The composite was prepared either completely binder-less or bonded with 10\% (w/w) of a bio-based resin which was a mixture of an epoxidized linseed oil and a tall-oil based polyamide. The flexural modulus of elasticity, the flexural strength and the water absorption of hot pressed Typha panels were measured and the influence of pressing time and panel density on these properties was investigated. The cure kinetics of the biobased resin was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in combination with the iso-conversional kinetic analysis method of Vyazovkin to derive the curing conditions required for achieving completely cured resin. For the binderless Typha panels the best technological properties were achieved for panels with high density. By adding 10\% of the binder resin the flexural strength and especially the water absorption were improved significantly.}, language = {en} } @article{KellerWoergoetterLiedeketal.2020, author = {Keller, Silke and W{\"o}rg{\"o}tter, Katharina and Liedek, Anke and Kluger, Petra and Bach, Monika and Tovar, G{\"u}nter and Southan, Alexander}, title = {Azide-functional extracellular matrix coatings as a bioactive platform for bioconjugation}, series = {ACS applied materials \& interfaces / American Chemical Society}, volume = {12}, journal = {ACS applied materials \& interfaces / American Chemical Society}, number = {24}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, address = {Washington, DC}, issn = {1944-8244}, doi = {10.1021/acsami.0c04579}, pages = {26868 -- 26879}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In recent years, the development and application of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECMs) for use as biomaterials have grown rapidly. These cell-derived matrices (CDMs) represent highly bioactive and biocompatible materials consisting of a complex assembly of biomolecules. Even though CDMs mimic the natural microenvironment of cells in vivo very closely, they still lack specifically addressable functional groups, which are often required to tailor a biomaterial functionality by bioconjugation. To overcome this limitation, metabolic glycoengineering has emerged as a powerful tool to equip CDMs with chemical groups such as azides. These small chemical handles are known for their ability to undergo bioorthogonal click reactions, which represent a desirable reaction type for bioconjugation. However, ECM insolubility makes its processing very challenging. In this contribution, we isolated both the unmodified ECM and azide-modified clickECM by osmotic lysis. In a first step, these matrices were concentrated to remove excessive water from the decellularization step. Next, the hydrogel-like ECM and clickECM films were mechanically fragmentized, resulting in easy to pipette suspensions with fragment sizes ranging from 7.62 to 31.29 μm (as indicated by the mean d90 and d10 values). The biomolecular composition was not impaired as proven by immunohistochemistry. The suspensions were used for the reproducible generation of surface coatings, which proved to be homogeneous in terms of ECM fragment sizes and coating thicknesses (the mean coating thickness was found to be 33.2 ± 7.3 μm). Furthermore, they were stable against fluid-mechanical abrasion in a laminar flow cell. When primary human fibroblasts were cultured on the coated substrates, an increased bioactivity was observed. By conjugating the azides within the clickECM coatings with alkyne-coupled biotin molecules, a bioconjugation platform was obtained, where the biotin-streptavidin interaction could be used. Its applicability was demonstrated by equipping the bioactive clickECM coatings with horseradish peroxidase as a model enzyme.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KoselRose2020, author = {Kosel, Gabriela and Rose, Katerina}, title = {Development and usage of 3D-modeled body shapes for 3D-pattern making}, series = {Proceedings of 3DBODY.Tech 2020 - 11th international conference and exhibition on 3D body scanning and processing technologies : November 17-18, 2020, Ascona, Switzerland}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 3DBODY.Tech 2020 - 11th international conference and exhibition on 3D body scanning and processing technologies : November 17-18, 2020, Ascona, Switzerland}, publisher = {Hometrica Consulting}, address = {Ascona, Switzerland}, doi = {10.15221/20.14}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28906}, pages = {9}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Today's pattern making methods for industrial purposes are including construction principles, which are based on mathematical formula and sizing charts. As a result, there are two-dimensional flats, which can be converted into a three-dimensional garment. Because of their high linearity, those patterns are incapable of recreating the complexity of the human body, which results in insufficient fit. Subsequent changes of the pattern require a high degree of experience and lead to an inefficient product development process. It is known that draping allows the development of more complex and demanding patterns, which corresponds more to the actual body shape. Therefore, this method is used in custom tailoring and haute couture to achieve perfect garment fit but is also associated with time. So, there is the act of defiance to improve the fit of garments, to speed up production but maintain a good value for money. Reutlingen University is therefore working on the development of 3D-modelled body shapes for 3D draping, considering different layers of clothing, such as jackets or coats. For this purpose, 3D modelling is used to develop 3D-bodies that correspond to the finished dimensions of the garment. By flattening of the modelled body, it is then possible to obtain an optimal 2D Pattern of the body. The comparison of the conventional method and the developed method is done by 3D simulation. Finally, the optical fit test is demonstrated by the simulated basic cuts, that a significantly better body wrapping through the newly developed methodology could be achieved. Unlike in the basic cuts, which were achieved by classical design principles have been created, only a few adjustments are necessary to obtain an optimized basic cut. Also, when considering the body distance, it is shown that the newly developed basic patterns provide a more even enclosure of the body.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BrakeKoselRoseetal.2020, author = {Brake, Elena and Kosel, Gabriela and Rose, Katerina and Gr{\"u}n, Ulrike and Rissiek, Anke}, title = {Development of an automated product development process for tailored bras using breast-specific measurements from 3D body scans in conjunction with an interactive pattern construction}, series = {Proceedings of 3DBODY.Tech 2020 - 11th international conference and exhibition on 3D body scanning and processing technologies : : November 17-18, 2020, Ascona, Switzerland}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 3DBODY.Tech 2020 - 11th international conference and exhibition on 3D body scanning and processing technologies : : November 17-18, 2020, Ascona, Switzerland}, publisher = {Hometrica Consulting}, address = {Ascona, Switzerland}, doi = {10.15221/20.55}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28897}, pages = {9}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The process for the production of customized bras is really challenging. Although the need is very clear, the lingerie industry is currently facing a lack of data, knowledge and expertise for the realization of an automated process chain. Different studies and surveys have shown, that the majority of women wear the incorrect bra size. In addition to aesthetic problems, health risks such as headaches, back problems or digestive problems of the wearers can result from this. An important prerequisite for improvements is the basic knowledge about the female breast, both in terms of body measurements and different breast shapes. The current size systematic for bras only defines a bra size by the relation between bust girth and underbust girth and standardized cup forms do not justice to the high variability of the human body. As the bra type shapes the female breast, basic knowledge about the relation of measurements and shapes from the clothed and the unclothed breast is missing. In the present project, studies are conducted to explore the female breast and to derive new breast-specific body measurements, different breast shapes and deformation knowledge using existing bras. Furthermore, an innovative process is being developed that leads from 3D scanning to individual and interactive pattern construction, which allows an automatic pattern creation based on individual body measurements and the influence of different material parameters. In the course of the presentation, the current project status will be shown and the future developments and project steps will be introduced.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Nufer2020, author = {Nufer, Gerd}, title = {Dauerhafte Markenerlebniswelten als Trend im Event-Marketing}, series = {Trends in Event Education : Ein Tagungsband zur Veranstaltungswirtschaft}, booktitle = {Trends in Event Education : Ein Tagungsband zur Veranstaltungswirtschaft}, editor = {Gehrke, Gernot and Thilo, Isabelle}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-31197-1}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-31198-8_12}, pages = {147 -- 160}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Im Gegensatz etwa zur klassischen Werbung handelt es sich beim Event-Marketing um ein dynamisches Kommunikationsinstrument, das laufend Trends und Neuerungen mit sich bringt. Die vielf{\"a}ltigen Einsatzm{\"o}glichkeiten und Potenziale des Event-Marketing erm{\"o}glichen es, entsprechend dem momentanen Zeitgeist relevante Zielgruppen zu erreichen, markenrelevante Wirklichkeiten und Erlebniswelten zu generieren, Emotionen und Sympathiewerte zu erzeugen und auf diese Weise eine Bindung zwischen Marke bzw. Unternehmen und Rezipienten herzustellen.}, language = {de} } @article{Nufer2020, author = {Nufer, Gerd}, title = {Zielgenau aus dem Hinterhalt}, series = {Swiss Marketing Review}, journal = {Swiss Marketing Review}, number = {4}, publisher = {Swiss Marketing}, address = {Z{\"u}rich}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28824}, pages = {16 -- 20}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Ambush-Marketing l{\"o}st meistens heftige Reaktionen aus - bei Bef{\"u}rwortern und Gegnern. Die Idee des Ambush-Marketings ist es, von den Erfolgen des Sponsorings zu profitieren, ohne die Pflichten eines offiziellen Sponsors einzugehen. Ambusher besitzen keine Vermarktungsrechte an einer Veranstaltung, bauen aber dennoch durch ihre Marketingmassnahmen eine Verbindung zu einem Event auf. Der Grat zwischen der Verletzung von Sponsoren-Rechten und kreativ-innovativer Kommunikationspolitik ist dabei oft sehr schmal.}, language = {de} } @article{Nufer2020, author = {Nufer, Gerd}, title = {Neuromarketing - Grundlagen, Best-Practice-Beispiele aus dem Handel und kritische W{\"u}rdigung}, series = {PraxisWissen : German journal of marketing}, journal = {PraxisWissen : German journal of marketing}, number = {1}, publisher = {AfM, Arbeitsgemeinschaft f{\"u}r Marketing}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2509-3029}, doi = {10.15459/95451.40}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28810}, pages = {53 -- 68}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Gibt es einen Kauf-Knopf im Gehirn des Konsumenten? Und wenn ja, wie bet{\"a}tigt man diesen? Die Antworten auf diese Fragen k{\"o}nnte das Neuromarketing liefern. Das Neuromarketing ist Bestandteil der Neuro{\"o}konomie und eine relativ junge Disziplin an der Schnittstelle von Kognitionswissenschaften, Neurowissenschaften und der Marktforschung. Durch den technologischen Fortschritt k{\"o}nnen die Neurowissenschaften wichtige Erkenntnisse f{\"u}r das Marketing liefern, insbesondere Einblicke zur Erkl{\"a}rung des Konsumentenverhaltens. Durch den Blick in das Kundengehirn k{\"o}nnen beispielsweise Handelsunternehmen ihre Kunden gezielter ansprechen und sich so einen Vorteil gegen{\"u}ber Konkurrenten verschaffen.}, language = {de} } @article{Herzog2020, author = {Herzog, Bodo}, title = {Whither coronabonds? The past and future of the EMU in the coronavirus pandemic}, series = {Intereconomics : Review of European Economic Policy}, volume = {55}, journal = {Intereconomics : Review of European Economic Policy}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1613-964X}, doi = {10.1007/s10272-020-0887-z}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28606}, pages = {155 -- 159}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The long-term fiscal and economic damage of eurobonds in a rule-based fiscal architecture - as history corroborates - would be greater than the historical challenge of the coronavirus pandemic, unless there is a political union in Europe.}, language = {en} } @article{Herzog2020, author = {Herzog, Bodo}, title = {Corona-Bonds und EU-Verschuldung: Zukunftsvision oder Europ{\"a}ische Naivit{\"a}t?}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Wirtschaftspolitik / Institut f{\"u}r Wirtschaftspolitik an der Universit{\"a}t zu K{\"o}ln}, volume = {69}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Wirtschaftspolitik / Institut f{\"u}r Wirtschaftspolitik an der Universit{\"a}t zu K{\"o}ln}, number = {2}, publisher = {De Gruyter Oldenbourg}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0721-3808}, doi = {10.1515/zfwp-2020-2032}, pages = {148 -- 165}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This article studies the current debate on Coronabonds and the idea of European public debt in the aftermath of the Corona pandemic. According to the EU-Treaty economic and fiscal policy remains in the sovereignty of Member States. Therefore, joint European debt instruments are risky and trigger moral hazard and free-riding in the Eurozone. We exhibit that a mixture of the principle of liability and control impairs the present fiscal architecture and destabilizes the Eurozone. We recommend that Member States ought to utilize either the existing fiscal architecture available or establish a political union with full sovereignty in Europe. This policy conclusion is supported by the PSPP-judgement of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany on 5 May 2020. This ruling initiated a lively debate about the future of the Eurozone and Europe in general.}, language = {de} } @article{TaschnerCharifzadeh2020, author = {Taschner, Andreas and Charifzadeh, Michel}, title = {Management accounting in supply chains - what we know and what we teach}, series = {Journal of accounting \& organizational change : JAOC}, volume = {16}, journal = {Journal of accounting \& organizational change : JAOC}, number = {3}, publisher = {Emerald}, address = {Bradford}, issn = {1832-5912}, doi = {10.1108/JAOC-01-2019-0001}, pages = {369 -- 399}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Purpose Despite growing interest in the intersection of supply chain management (SCM) and management accounting (MA) in the academic debate, there is a lack of understanding regarding both the content and the delimitation of this topic. As of today, no common conceptualization of supply chain management accounting (SCMA) exists. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the research foci of SCMA in the scholarly debate of the past two decades. Additionally, it analyzes whether and to what extent the academic discourse of MA in SCs has already found its way into both SCM and MA higher education, respectively. Design/methodology/approach A content analysis is conducted including 114 higher education textbooks written in English or in German language. Findings The study finds that SC-specific concepts of MA are seldom covered in current textbooks of both disciplines. The authors conclude that although there is an extensive body of scholarly research about SCMA concepts, there is a significant discrepancy with what is taught in higher education textbooks. Practical implications There is a large discrepancy between the extensive knowledge available in scholarly research and what we teach in both disciplines. This implies that graduates of both disciplines lack important knowledge and skills in controlling and accounting for SCs. To bring about the necessary change, MA and SCM in higher education must be more integrative. Originality/value To the best of the authors knowledge, this study is first of its kind comprising a large textbook sample in both English and German languages. It is the first substantiated assessment of the current state of integration between SCM and MA in higher education.}, language = {en} } @article{KazmaierTaefiHettesheimer2020, author = {Kazmaier, Markus and Taefi, Tessa and Hettesheimer, Tim}, title = {Techno-economical and ecological potential of electric scooters : a life cycle analysis}, series = {European journal of transport and infrastructure research : EJTIR}, volume = {20}, journal = {European journal of transport and infrastructure research : EJTIR}, number = {4}, publisher = {Delft University of Technology}, address = {Delft}, issn = {1567-7141}, doi = {10.18757/ejtir.2020.20.4.4912}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28552}, pages = {233 -- 251}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In Germany, mobility is currently in a state of flux. Since June 2019, electric kick scooters (e-scooters) have been permitted on the roads, and this market is booming. This study employs a user survey to generate new data, supplemented by expert interviews to determine whether such e-scooters are a climate-friendly means of transport. The environmental impacts are quantified using a life cycle assessment. This results in a very accurate picture of e-scooters in Germany. The global warming potential of an e-scooter calculated in this study is 165 g CO2-eq./km, mostly due to material and production (that together account for 73\% of the impact). By switching to e-scooters where the battery is swapped, the global warming potential can be reduced by 12\%. The lowest value of 46 g CO2-eq./km is reached if all possibilities are exploited and the life span of e-scooters is increased to 15 months. Comparing these emissions with those of the replaced modal split, e-scooters are at best 8\% above the modal split value of 39 g CO2-eq./km.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WalzLangeSchullerus2020, author = {Walz-Lange, Annika and Schullerus, Gernot}, title = {Sensorless control of a switched reluctance machine based on switching frequency evaluation}, series = {2020 XI International Conference on Electrical Power Drive Systems (ICEPDS), proceedings : October 4-7, 2020, St Petersburg, Russia}, booktitle = {2020 XI International Conference on Electrical Power Drive Systems (ICEPDS), proceedings : October 4-7, 2020, St Petersburg, Russia}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6538-7}, doi = {10.1109/ICEPDS47235.2020.9249339}, pages = {6}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The current paper illustrates a new method for sensorless control of a switched reluctance motor. Based on the evaluation of the switching frequency of the hysteresis current controllers for the single phases, a position information is obtained and used for motor control.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PoetterPfostSchullerus2020, author = {P{\"o}tter, Jan and Pfost, Martin and Schullerus, Gernot}, title = {Harmonic excitation concepts for wound-rotor synchronous machines with power-electronics on the rotor}, series = {2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), proceedings : August 23-26, 2020, Gothenburg, Sweden}, booktitle = {2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), proceedings : August 23-26, 2020, Gothenburg, Sweden}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9945-0}, doi = {10.1109/ICEM49940.2020.9270724}, pages = {707 -- 713}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In this work, a brushless, harmonic-excited wound-rotor synchronous machine is investigated which utilizes special stator and rotor windings. The windings magnetically decouple the fundamental torque-producing field from the harmonic field required for the inductive power transfer to the field coil. In contrast to conventional harmonic-excited synchronous machines, the whole winding is utilized for both torque production and harmonic excitation such that no additional copper for auxiliary windings is needed. Different rotor topologies using rotating power electronic components are investigated and their efficiencies have been compared based on Finite-Element calculation and circuit analysis.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DominicSchullerusWinter2020, author = {Dominic, Anthony and Schullerus, Gernot and Winter, Martin}, title = {Rotor flux templates for energy efficient dynamic operation of induction machines}, series = {2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), proceedings : August 23-26, 2020, Gothenburg, Sweden}, booktitle = {2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), proceedings : August 23-26, 2020, Gothenburg, Sweden}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9945-0}, doi = {10.1109/ICEM49940.2020.9271064}, pages = {312 -- 318}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Energy efficient electric control of drives is more and more important for electric mobility and manufacturing industries. Online dynamic optimization of induction machines is challenging due to the computational complexity involved and the variable power losses during dynamic operation of induction machines. This paper proposes a simple technique for sub-optimal online loss optimization using rotor flux linkage templates for energy efficient dynamic operation of induction machines. Such a rotor flux linkage template is given by a rotor flux linkage trajectory which is optimal for a specific scenario. This template is calculated in an offline optimization process. For a specific scenario during real time operation the rotor flux linkage is calculated by appropriately scaling the given template.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DominicSchullerusWinter, author = {Dominic, Antony and Schullerus, Gernot and Winter, Martin}, title = {Anticipative flux trajectories for dynamic energy efficient operation of induction machines}, series = {2020 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference \& Expo (ITEC), proceedings : June 23-26, 2020, Chicago, USA}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference \& Expo (ITEC), proceedings : June 23-26, 2020, Chicago, USA}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4629-4}, doi = {10.1109/ITEC48692.2020.9161450}, pages = {1038 -- 1043}, abstract = {Steady state efficiency optimization techniques for induction motors are state of the art and various methods have already been developed. This paper provides new insights in the efficiency optimized operation in dynamic regime. The paper proposes an anticipative flux modification in order to decrease losses during torque and speed transients. These trajectories are analyzed based on a numerical study for different motors. Measurement results for one motor are given as well.}, language = {en} } @article{WagnerCheongBrinzetal.2019, author = {Wagner, Bernhard and Cheong, Shea Fen and Brinz, Thomas and Khinast, Johannes}, title = {Deriving control parameter settings from process models to control capsule fillers integrated into continuous manufacturing}, series = {Drug development and industrial pharmacy}, volume = {45}, journal = {Drug development and industrial pharmacy}, number = {9}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0363-9045}, doi = {10.1080/03639045.2019.1634093}, pages = {1523 -- 1536}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The aim of this work was to investigate the mean fill weight control of a continuous capsule-filling process, whether it is possible to derive controller settings from an appendant process model. To that end, a system composed out of fully automated capsule filler and an online gravimetric scale was used to control the filled weight. This setup allows to examine challenges associated with continuous manufacturing processes, such as variations in the amount of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in the mixture due to fluctuations of the feeders or due to altered excipient batch qualities. Two types of controllers were investigated: a feedback control and a combination of feedback and feedforward control. Although both of those are common in the industry, determining the optimal parameter settings remains an issue. In this study, we developed a method to derive the control parameters based on process models in order to obtain optimal control for each filled product. Determined via rapid automated process development (RAPD), this method is an effective and fast way of determining control parameters. The method allowed us to optimize the weight control for three pharmaceutical excipients. By conducting experiments, we verified the feasibility of the proposed method and studied the dynamics of the controlled system. Our work provides important basic data on how capsule filler can be implemented into continuous manufacturing systems.}, language = {en} } @article{StulzVogtSaaretal.2019, author = {Stulz, Anja and Vogt, Annika and Saar, Julia and Akil, Larissa and Lienkamp, Karen and Hoernke, Maria}, title = {Quantified membrane permeabilization indicates the lipid selectivity of membrane-active antimicrobials}, series = {Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids}, volume = {35}, journal = {Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids}, number = {49}, publisher = {ACS}, address = {Washington, DC}, issn = {0743-7463}, doi = {10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01849}, pages = {16366 -- 16376}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Most antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their synthetic mimics (SMAMPs) are thought to act by permeabilizing cell membranes. For antimicrobial therapy, selectivity for pathogens over mammalian cells is a key requirement. Understanding membrane selectivity is thus essential for designing AMPs and SMAMPs to complement classical antibiotics in the future. This study focuses on membrane permeabilization induced by SMAMPs and their selectivity for membranes with different lipid compositions. We measure release and fluorescence lifetime of a self-quenching dye in lipid vesicles. Apart from the dose-response, we quantify the strength of individual leakage events, and, employing cumulative kinetics, categorize permeabilization behavior. We propose that differing selectivities in a series of SMAMPs arise from a combination of the effect of the antimicrobial agent and the susceptibility of the membrane (with a given lipid composition) for certain types of leakage behavior. The unselective and hemolytic SMAMP is found to act mainly by the asymmetry stress mechanism, mediated by hydrophobic insertion of SMAMPs into lipid layers. The more selective SMAMPs induced leakage events occurring stochastically over several hours. Lipid intrinsic properties might additionally amplify the efficiency of leakage events. Leakage behavior changes with both the design of the SMAMP and the lipid composition of the membrane. Understanding how leakage behavior contributes to the selectivity and activity of antimicrobial agents will aid the design and screening of antimicrobials. An understanding of the underlying processes facilitates the comparison of membrane permeabilization across in vitro and in vivo assays.}, language = {en} } @article{BaderBarthKrohnetal.2019, author = {Bader, Steffen and Barth, Teresa and Krohn, Philipp and Ruchser, Rahel and Storch, Lars and Wagner, Linda and Findeisen, Stefanie and Pokorni, Bastian and Braun, Anja and Ohlhausen, Peter and Palm, Daniel}, title = {Agile shopfloor organization design for industry 4.0 manufacturing}, series = {Procedia manufacturing}, volume = {39}, journal = {Procedia manufacturing}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2351-9789}, doi = {10.1016/j.promfg.2020.01.434}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28387}, pages = {756 -- 764}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Digitalization changes the manufacturing dramatically. In regard of employees' demands, global trends and the technological vision of future factories, automotive manufacturing faces a huge number of diverse challenges. Currently, research focuses on technological aspects of future factories in terms of digitalization. New ways of work and new organizational models for future factories have not been described yet. There are assumptions on how to develop the organization of work in a future factory but up to now, literature shows deficits in scientifically substantiated answers in this research area. Consequently, the objective of this paper is to present an approach on a work organization design for automotive Industry 4.0 manufacturing. Future requirements were analyzed and deducted to criteria that determine future agile organization design. These criteria were then transformed into functional mechanisms, which define the approach for shopfloor organization design}, language = {en} } @article{KochankeNagelUeffingetal.2019, author = {Kochanke, Artur and Nagel, Julian and {\"U}ffing, Christoph and Hartwig, Andreas}, title = {Influence of addition curing silicone formulation and surface aging of aluminum adherends on bond strength}, series = {International journal of adhesion and adhesives}, volume = {95}, journal = {International journal of adhesion and adhesives}, number = {Dezember}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York}, issn = {0143-7496}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2019.102424}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In spite of many studies, knowledge about the fundamental factors influencing adhesion between addition curing silicones and aluminum substrates is very limited. The aim of this publication is to evaluate the influence of the formulation and the surface state of the adherend on bond strength. For this purpose, the composition of an addition curing silicone was systematically varied and the effects on both material and bond properties were examined. Additionally, the influence of surface aging at different humidities (0\% r. h., 34\% r. h., 82\% r. h.) of acid etch pretreated aluminum substrates was considered. It is shown that the mechanical properties of the silicone material can be easily adjusted over a wide range by changing the formulation. Although high tensile strengths up to 9.2 MPa for the silicone material can be achieved, lap-shear strengths remain moderate at approximately 3.5 MPa. Predominant adhesive failures show the limited adhesive strength of the basic formulation without additives. Basic ingredients of addition curing silicones without additives are able to reach a certain adhesive strength. However, this strength was quite limited and adhesion promoters are required to further improve adhesion. The humidity at which the pretreated substrates are stored has an overall minor influence on bond strength. Surprisingly, bond strength tends to increase with the storage time of aluminum substrates despite lower surface energies in comparison to freshly pretreated substrates. All in all, the storage conditions of aluminum had a rather small influence on adhesion, whereas the composition of the silicone adhesive strongly influences bond strength.}, language = {en} } @article{HofmannWalchArnoldKeiferetal.2019, author = {Hofmann, Paul and Walch, Alisa and Arnold-Keifer, Sonja and Selvarayan, Sathis Kumar and Gresser, G{\"o}tz}, title = {Utilization of the textile reinforcements of fiber reinforced plastics as sensor for condition monitoring}, series = {Composites Part A : Applied science and manufacturing}, volume = {126}, journal = {Composites Part A : Applied science and manufacturing}, number = {November}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1359-835X}, doi = {10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105603}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In addition to increased safety by detecting possible overload, continuous component monitoring by sensor integration makes the use of fiber reinforced plastics more cost-effective. Since the components are continuously monitored, one can switch from time-based to condition-based maintenance. However, the integration of conventional sensor components causes weak points, as foreign objects are inserted into the reinforcing structure. In this paper, we examine the use of the textile reinforcement as a sensor in itself. We describe how bending sensors can be formed by slightly modifying in the composite's reinforcement structure. We investigated two different sensor principles. (1) The integration of textile plate capacitors into the structure; (2) The construction of textile piezo elements as part of the reinforcing structure. The bending test results reveal that textile plate capacitors show a load-dependent signal output. The samples with textile piezo elements show a significant increase in signal strength.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{OPUS4-2843, title = {Informatics Inside : KInside : Herbst 2020 : Tagungsband}, editor = {Kloos, Uwe and Mart{\´i}nez Madrid, Natividad and Tullius, Gabriela}, publisher = {Hochschule Reutlingen}, address = {Reutlingen}, isbn = {978-3-00-066747-3}, doi = {10.34645/opus-2843}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28430}, pages = {90}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Motto der Herbstkonferenz Informatics Inside 2020 ist KInside. Wieder einmal blicken Studierende inside und schauen sich Methoden, Anwendungen und Zusammenh{\"a}nge genauer an. Die Beitr{\"a}ge sind vielf{\"a}ltig und entsprechend dem Studiengang human-centered. Es ist der Anspruch, dass sich die Themen um die Bed{\"u}rfnisse der Menschen drehen und eingesetzte Methoden kein Selbstzweck sind, sondern am Nutzen f{\"u}r den Menschen gemessen werden.}, language = {de} } @article{Wendler2019, author = {Wendler, Eugen}, title = {Ein „Erinnerungsort" deutscher Geschichte: Die Bittschrift von Friedrich List vom 20.04.1819 an die Bundesversammlung in Frankfurt a. M. zur Abschaffung der Binnenz{\"o}lle zwischen den deutschen Territorialstaaten - Ein Pl{\"a}doyer f{\"u}r den Freihandel!}, series = {List Forum f{\"u}r Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik}, volume = {45}, journal = {List Forum f{\"u}r Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0937-0862}, doi = {10.1007/s41025-019-00170-3}, pages = {35 -- 48}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Im Fr{\"u}hjahr 1817 unternahm der damalige Professor Friedrich List an der Universit{\"a}t T{\"u}bingen eine Reise nach Frankfurt a. M., wo zu dieser Zeit die ber{\"u}hmte Ostermesse stattfand. Dort traf er mit den Anf{\"u}hrern der Kaufleute zusammen, die dar{\"u}ber klagten, dass die zaghafte wirtschaftliche Entwicklung unter den vielen Zollschranken und den Billigimporten aus England stark zu leiden habe. Deshalb forderten sie die Abschaffung der Binnenz{\"o}lle und die Bildung einer Wirtschaftsunion. Im Auftrag der Kaufleute verfasste List seine ber{\"u}hmt gewordene Petition an die Bundesversammlung, die lose Interessenvertretung des Deutschen Bundes in Frankfurt. Als die Petition mit großem Beifall aufgenommen wurde, gr{\"u}ndete List im Hochgef{\"u}hl seines Erfolges spontan den "Allgemeinen Deutschen Handels- und Gewerbsverein" - die erste Interessenvertretung deutscher Kaufleute. Er legte damit den Grundstein f{\"u}r den politischen Prozess zur Gr{\"u}ndung des Zollvereins von 1834, der wiederum die Vorstufe zur Gr{\"u}ndung des Deutschen Reiches von 1871 bildete. Lists damalige Forderungen sind zurzeit wieder hoch aktuell.}, language = {de} } @article{WesthoffRickermannLitterstetal.2019, author = {Westhoff, Michael and Rickermann, Marvin and Litterst, Patric and Baumbach, J{\"o}rg Ingo}, title = {Exogenous factors of influence on exhaled breath analysis by ion-mobility spectrometry (MCC/IMS)}, series = {International journal for ion mobility spectrometry : official publication of the International Society for Ion Mobility Spectrometry}, volume = {22}, journal = {International journal for ion mobility spectrometry : official publication of the International Society for Ion Mobility Spectrometry}, number = {2}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1865-4584}, doi = {10.1007/s12127-019-00247-x}, pages = {59 -- 69}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The interpretation of exhaled breath analysis needs to address to the influence of exogenous factors, especially to a transfer of confounding analytes by the test persons. A test person who was exposed to a disinfectant had exhaled breath analysis by MCC/IMS (Bioscout®) after different time intervals. Additionally, a new sampling method with inhalation of synthetic air before breath analysis was tested. After exposure to the disinfectant, 3-Pentanone monomer, 3-Pentanone dimer, Hexanal, 3-Pentanone trimer, 2-Propanamine, 1-Propanol, Benzene, Nonanal showed significantly higher intensities, in exhaled breath and air of the examination room, compared to the corresponding baseline measurements. Only one ingredient of the disinfectant (1-Propanol) was identical to the 8 analytes. Prolonging the time intervals between exposure and breath analysis showed a decrease of their intensities. However, the half-time of the decrease was different. The inhalation of synthetic air - more than consequently airing the examination room with fresh air - reduced the exogenous and also relevant endogenous analytes, leading to a reduction and even changing polarity of the alveolar gradient. The interpretation of exhaled breath needs further knowledge about the former residence of the proband and the likelihood and relevance of the inhalation of local, site-specific and confounding exogenous analytes by him. Their inhalation facilitates a transfer to the examination room and a detection of high concentrations in room air and exhaled breath, but also the exhalation of new analytes. This may lead to a misinterpretation of these analytes as endogenous resp. disease-specific ones.}, language = {en} } @article{WesthoffRickermannFraniecketal.2019, author = {Westhoff, Michael and Rickermann, Marvin and Franieck, E. and Litterst, Patric and Baumbach, J{\"o}rg Ingo}, title = {Time series of indoor analytes and influence of exogeneous factors on interpretation of breath analysis using ion mobility spectrometry (MCC/IMS)}, series = {International Journal for Ion Mobility Spectrometry}, volume = {22}, journal = {International Journal for Ion Mobility Spectrometry}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1865-4584}, doi = {10.1007/s12127-019-00243-1}, pages = {39 -- 49}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Standardisation of breath sampling is important for application of breath analysis in clinical settings. By studying the effect of room airing on indoor and breath analytes and by generating time series of room air with different sampling intervals we sought to get further insights into room air metabolism, to detect the relevance of exogenous VOCs and to make conclusions about their consideration for the interpretation of exhaled breath. Room air and exhaled breath of a healthy subject were analysed before and after room airing. Furthermore a time series of room air with doors and windows closed was taken over 84 h by an automatic sampling every 180 min. A second times series studied room air analytes over 70 h with samples taken every 16.5 min. For breath and room air measurements an IMS coupled to a multi-capillary column (IMS/MCC) [Bio-Scout® - B\&S Analytik GmbH, Dortmund, Germany] was used. The peaks were characterized using the Software Visual Now (B\&S Analytik, Dortmund Germany) and identified using the software package MIMA (version 1.1, provided by the Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbr{\"u}cken, Germany) and the database 20160426_SubstanzDbNIST_122 (B \& S Analytik GmbH, Dortmund, Germany). In the morning 4 analytes (Decamethylcylopentasiloxane [541-02-6]; Pentan-2-one [107-87-9] - Dimer; Hexan-1-al [66-25-1]; Pentan-2-one [107-87-9]) - Monomer showed high intensities in the room air and exhaled breath. They were significantly but not equally reduced by room airing. The time series about 84 h showed a time dependent decrease of analytes (limonen-monomer and -dimer; Decamethylcylopentasiloxane, Butan-1-ol, Butan-1-ol) as well as increase (Pentan-2-one [107-87-9] - Dimer). Shorter sampling intervals exhibited circadian variations of analyte concentrations for many analytes. Breath sampling in the morning needs room airing before starting. Then the variation of the intensity of indoor analytes can be kept small. The time series of indoor analytes show, that their intensities have a different behaviour, with time dependent declines, constant increases and circadian variations, dependent on room airing. This has implications on the breath sampling procedure and the intrepretation of exhaled breath.}, language = {en} } @article{HofmannWalchDinkelmannetal.2019, author = {Hofmann, Paul and Walch, Alisa and Dinkelmann, Albrecht and Selvarayan, Sathis Kumar and Gresser, G{\"o}tz}, title = {Woven piezoelectric sensors as part of the textile reinforcement of fiber reinforced plastics}, series = {Composites Part A : Applied Science and Manufacturing}, volume = {116}, journal = {Composites Part A : Applied Science and Manufacturing}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1359-835X}, doi = {10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.10.019}, pages = {79 -- 86}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Sensor integration in fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) structures enables online process and structural health monitoring (SHM). This paper describes the development and application of woven fabric-based piezoelectric impact and bending sensors for integration into FRP. The work focuses on design and characterization of woven piezoelectric sensors, especially as a part of the reinforcement structure. The reinforcement of the component acts as a sensor in itself and therefore no additional external objects in the form of sensor components or sensor fibers, which could create unwanted weak points within the FRP, are added. The bending test results reveal a direct relationship between the applied load and the sensor signal. Furthermore, the appropriate sensor position in the component cross section was determined and the influence of thermal polarization on the sensor properties was investigated.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmaehHaemmerleKelleretal.2020, author = {Schm{\"a}h, Marco and H{\"a}mmerle, Carsten and Keller, Lena and Kolb, Julian}, title = {Die Potenziale von Intrapreneurship als Innovationstreiber des modernen Unternehmertums}, series = {Marke 41 : das neue Journal f{\"u}r Marketing}, journal = {Marke 41 : das neue Journal f{\"u}r Marketing}, number = {5}, publisher = {MIM, Marken-Institut M{\"u}nchen}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {1866-5438}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28303}, pages = {44 -- 49}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Innovationskraft ist einer der wesentlichen Erfolgsfaktoren der Zukunft, welcher den Unterschied zwischen erfolgreichen und scheiternden Unternehmen in hohem Maße beeinflussen wird (PWC, 2015). Besonders junge Unternehmen und Start-ups sind f{\"u}r ihre hohe Innovationsf{\"a}higkeit bekannt. Etablierte Unternehmen hingegen punkten weniger mit neuen Ideen, aber daf{\"u}r mit innovationskritischen Ressourcen, Routinen und Skaleneffekten. Ein stetig an Popularit{\"a}t gewinnender Ansatz, die F{\"a}higkeiten und Ressourcen von etablierten Unternehmen mit der Innovationskraft von Start-ups zu verkn{\"u}pfen, stellt das "Intrapreneurship" dar.}, language = {de} } @article{SchmaehRothe2020, author = {Schm{\"a}h, Marco and Rothe, Christian}, title = {Value Engineering in der Kundenkommunikation}, series = {Marke 41 : das neue Journal f{\"u}r Marketing}, journal = {Marke 41 : das neue Journal f{\"u}r Marketing}, number = {4}, publisher = {MIM, Marken-Institut M{\"u}nchen}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {1866-5438}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28291}, pages = {52 -- 60}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Das Value-Engineering in der Kundenkommunikation ist eine strukturierte Methode, Kommunikationsprozesse zwischen Unternehmen zu verbessern. Das Konzept greift bew{\"a}hrte Elemente der technischen Wertanalyse und der Gemeinkosten-Wertanalyse auf und {\"u}bertr{\"a}gt sie auf die Kundenkommunikation. Der Ansatz bietet eine systematische Vorgehensweise, Kommunikationsprozesse zwischen Anbieter und Kunde zu durchleuchten und neu zu gestalten. Value-Engineering in der Kundenkommunikation schafft somit Wettbewerbsvorteile durch eine Optimierung der Kommunikation.}, language = {de} } @article{RuhCharifzadehHerberger2020, author = {Ruh, Christina and Charifzadeh, Michel and Herberger, Tim}, title = {Bilanzierung von Initial Coin Offerings (ICO) nach IFRS aus Sicht des Emittenten}, series = {Die Wirtschaftspr{\"u}fung (WPg) : Kompetenz schafft Vertrauen}, volume = {73}, journal = {Die Wirtschaftspr{\"u}fung (WPg) : Kompetenz schafft Vertrauen}, number = {20}, publisher = {IdW-Verlag}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, issn = {0340-9031}, pages = {1237 -- 1245}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag gibt einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die verschiedenen M{\"o}glichkeiten der Bilanzierung einens Initial Coin Offerings (ICO) beim Emittenten auf der Passivseite nach den Regelungen der IFRS. Ziel ist es, die bilanzielle Einordnung anhand verschiedenenr Arten von Token zu er{\"o}rtern und den Emittenten bei der Ausgestaltung der Token sowie der anschließenden Bilanzierung zu unterst{\"u}tzen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Standards f{\"u}r die bilanzielle Einordnung von ICO-Token zwar ausreichen, allerdings eine große Bandbreite der Bilanzierung zu ber{\"u}cksichtigen ist und eine detaillierte Regelung durch einen eigenen IFRS daher schwierig erscheint.}, language = {de} } @article{KernSchmaeh2020, author = {Kern, Manuel and Schm{\"a}h, Marco}, title = {Triumph after the hype? Success factors for CRM implementation}, series = {Marketing review St. Gallen : die neue Thexis-Marketingfachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Theorie und Praxis}, volume = {37}, journal = {Marketing review St. Gallen : die neue Thexis-Marketingfachzeitschrift f{\"u}r Theorie und Praxis}, number = {6}, publisher = {Thexis Verlag}, address = {St. Gallen}, issn = {1865-6544}, pages = {38 -- 45}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Customer orientation should be the core engine of every organisation while IT can be considered as the enabler to generate competitive advantages along customer processes in marketing, sales and service. Research shows that customer relationship management (CRM) enables organisations to perform better and experience indicates that organisations that focus on customer orientation are more successful. With marketplace organisations such as Amazon, Alibaba or Conrad shaping the future of customer centricity and information technology, German B2B organisations need to shift their value contribution from product-centric to customer-centric. While these organisations are currently attempting to implement CRM software and putting their customers more into focus, the question remains how organisations are approaching the implementation of CRM and whether these attempts are paying off in terms of business performance.}, language = {en} } @article{WeissSeidlKessleretal.2020, author = {Weiss, Stephanie and Seidl, Regina and Kessler, Waltraud and Kessler, Rudolf and Zikulnig-Rusch, Edith and Kandelbauer, Andreas}, title = {Unravelling the phases of melamine formaldehyde resin cure by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and multivariate curve resolution (MCR)}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {12}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4360}, doi = {10.3390/polym12112569}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28273}, pages = {1 -- 19}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Here, we study resin cure and network formation of solid melamine formaldehyde pre-polymer over a large temperature range viadynamic temperature curing profiles. Real-time infrared spectroscopy is used to analyze the chemical changes during network formation and network hardening. By applying chemometrics (multivariate curve resolution,MCR), the essential chemical functionalities that constitute the network at a given stage of curing are mathematically extracted and tracked over time. The three spectral components identified by MCR were methylol-rich, ether linkages-rich and methylene linkages-rich resin entities. Based on dynamic changes of their characteristic spectral patterns in dependence of temperature, curing is divided into five phases: (I) stationary phase with free methylols as main chemical feature, (II) formation of flexible network cross-linked by ether linkages, (III) formation of rigid, ether-cross-linked network, (IV) further hardening via transformation of methylols and ethers into methylene-cross-linkages, and (V) network consolidation via transformation of ether into methylene bridges. The presented spectroscopic/chemometric approach can be used as methodological basis for the functionality design of MF-based surface films at the stage of laminate pressing, i.e., for tailoring the technological property profile of cured MF films using a causal understanding of the underlying chemistry based on molecular markers and spectroscopic fingerprints.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RieggerVinconGottsteinetal.2020, author = {Riegger, Christian and Vin{\c{c}}on, Tobias and Gottstein, Robert and Petrov, Ilia}, title = {MV-PBT: multi-version indexing for large datasets and HTAP workloads}, series = {Advances in data base technology - EDBT 2020 : 23rd International Conference on Extending Database Technology, Copenhagen, Denmark, March 30 - April 2, 2020 : proceedings}, booktitle = {Advances in data base technology - EDBT 2020 : 23rd International Conference on Extending Database Technology, Copenhagen, Denmark, March 30 - April 2, 2020 : proceedings}, editor = {Bonifati, Angela}, publisher = {Open Proceedings.org, Univ. of Konstanz}, address = {Konstanz, Germany}, doi = {10.5441/002/edbt.2020.20}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28234}, pages = {217 -- 228}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Modern mixed (HTAP)workloads execute fast update-transactions and long running analytical queries on the same dataset and system. In multi-version (MVCC) systems, such workloads result in many short-lived versions and long version-chains as well as in increased and frequent maintenance overhead. Consequently, the index pressure increases significantly. Firstly, the frequent modifications cause frequent creation of new versions, yielding a surge in index maintenance overhead. Secondly and more importantly, index-scans incur extra I/O overhead to determine, which of the resulting tuple versions are visible to the executing transaction (visibility-check) as current designs only store version/timestamp information in the base table - not in the index. Such index-only visibility-check is critical for HTAP workloads on large datasets. In this paper we propose the Multi Version Partitioned B-Tree (MV-PBT) as a version-aware index structure, supporting index-only visibility checks and flash-friendly I/O patterns. The experimental evaluation indicates a 2x improvement for analytical queries and 15\% higher transactional throughput under HTAP workloads. MV-PBT offers 40\% higher tx. throughput compared to WiredTiger's LSM-Tree implementation under YCSB.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BangOukidMayetal.2020, author = {Bang, Tiemo and Oukid, Ismail and May, Norman and Petrov, Ilia and Binnig, Carsten}, title = {Robust performance of main memory data structures by configuration}, series = {Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data : June 14-19, 2020, Portland, OR, USA}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data : June 14-19, 2020, Portland, OR, USA}, editor = {Maier, David}, publisher = {Assoc. of Computing Machinery}, address = {New York, NY}, isbn = {978-1-4503-6735-6}, doi = {10.1145/3318464.3389725}, pages = {1651 -- 1666}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In this paper, we present a new approach for achieving robust performance of data structures making it easier to reuse the same design for different hardware generations but also for different workloads. To achieve robust performance, the main idea is to strictly separate the data structure design from the actual strategies to execute access operations and adjust the actual execution strategies by means of so-called configurations instead of hard-wiring the execution strategy into the data structure. In our evaluation we demonstrate the benefits of this configuration approach for individual data structures as well as complex OLTP workloads.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BangMayPetrovetal.2020, author = {Bang, Tiemo and May, Norman and Petrov, Ilia and Binnig, Carsten}, title = {The tale of 1000 cores: an evaluation of concurrency control on real(ly) large multi-socket hardware}, series = {DaMoN '20 : proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Data Management on New Hardware : Portland, Oregon, June, 2020}, booktitle = {DaMoN '20 : proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Data Management on New Hardware : Portland, Oregon, June, 2020}, publisher = {Assoc. of Computing Machinery}, address = {New York, NY}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8024-9}, doi = {10.1145/3399666.3399910}, pages = {9}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In this paper, we set out the goal to revisit the results of "Starring into the Abyss [...] of Concurrency Control with [1000] Cores" and analyse in-memory DBMSs on today's large hardware. Despite the original assumption of the authors, today we do not see single-socket CPUs with 1000 cores. Instead multi-socket hardware made its way into production data centres. Hence, we follow up on this prior work with an evaluation of the characteristics of concurrency control schemes on real production multi-socket hardware with 1568 cores. To our surprise, we made several interesting findings which we report on in this paper.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{VinconBernhardtWeberetal.2020, author = {Vin{\c{c}}on, Tobias and Bernhardt, Arthur and Weber, Lukas and Koch, Andreas and Petrov, Ilia}, title = {On the necessity of explicit cross-layer data formats in near-data processing systems}, series = {Proceedings 2020 IEEE 36th International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops ICDEW 2020}, booktitle = {Proceedings 2020 IEEE 36th International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops ICDEW 2020}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, doi = {10.1109/ICDEW49219.2020.00009}, pages = {109 -- 114}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Massive data transfers in modern data intensive systems resulting from low data-locality and data-to-code system design hurt their performance and scalability. Near-data processing (NDP) and a shift to code-to-data designs may represent a viable solution as packaging combinations of storage and compute elements on the same device has become viable. The shift towards NDP system architectures calls for revision of established principles. Abstractions such as data formats and layouts typically spread multiple layers in traditional DBMS, the way they are processed is encapsulated within these layers of abstraction. The NDP-style processing requires an explicit definition of cross-layer data formats and accessors to ensure in-situ executions optimally utilizing the properties of the underlying NDP storage and compute elements. In this paper, we make the case for such data format definitions and investigate the performance benefits under NoFTL-KV and the COSMOS hardware platform.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{VinconBernhardtPetrovetal.2020, author = {Vin{\c{c}}on, Tobias and Bernhardt, Arthur and Petrov, Ilia and Weber, Lukas and Koch, Andreas}, title = {nKV: near-data processing with KV-stores on native computational storage}, series = {DaMoN '20 : proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Data Management on New Hardware : Portland, Oregon, June, 2020}, booktitle = {DaMoN '20 : proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Data Management on New Hardware : Portland, Oregon, June, 2020}, publisher = {Assoc. of Computing Machinery}, address = {New York, NY}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8024-9}, doi = {10.1145/3399666.3399934}, pages = {11}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Massive data transfers in modern key/value stores resulting from low data-locality and data-to-code system design hurt their performance and scalability. Near-data processing (NDP) designs represent a feasible solution, which although not new, have yet to see widespread use. In this paper we introduce nKV, which is a key/value store utilizing native computational storage and near-data processing. On the one hand, nKV can directly control the data and computation placement on the underlying storage hardware. On the other hand, nKV propagates the data formats and layouts to the storage device where, software and hardware parsers and accessors are implemented. Both allow NDP operations to execute in host-intervention-free manner, directly on physical addresses and thus better utilize the underlying hardware. Our performance evaluation is based on executing traditional KV operations (GET, SCAN) and on complex graph-processing algorithms (Betweenness Centrality) in-situ, with 1.4×-2.7× better performance on real hardware - the COSMOS+ platform.}, language = {en} } @article{VinconBernhardtPetrovetal.2020, author = {Vin{\c{c}}on, Tobias and Bernhardt, Arthur and Petrov, Ilia and Weber, Lukas and Koch, Andreas}, title = {nKV in action: accelerating KVstores on native computational storage with NearData processing}, series = {Proceedings of the VLDB endowment}, volume = {13}, journal = {Proceedings of the VLDB endowment}, number = {12}, publisher = {Assoc. of Computing Machinery}, address = {New York, NY}, issn = {2150-8097}, doi = {10.14778/3415478.3415524}, pages = {2981 -- 2984}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Massive data transfers in modern data intensive systems resulting from low data-locality and data-to-code system design hurt their performance and scalability. Near-data processing (NDP) designs represent a feasible solution, which although not new, has yet to see widespread use. In this paper we demonstrate various NDP alternatives in nKV, which is a key/value store utilizing native computational storage and near-data processing. We showcase the execution of classical operations (GET, SCAN) and complex graph-processing algorithms (Betweenness Centrality) in-situ, with 1.4x-2.7x better performance due to NDP. nKV runs on real hardware - the COSMOS+ platform.}, language = {en} } @article{KoenigLoebbeBuettneretal.2020, author = {K{\"o}nig, Werner and L{\"o}bbe, Sabine and B{\"u}ttner, Stefan and Schneider, Christian}, title = {Establishing energy efficiency : drivers for energy effciency in German manufacturing small- and medium-sized enterprises}, series = {Energies : open-access journal of related scientific research, technology development and studies in policy and management}, volume = {13}, journal = {Energies : open-access journal of related scientific research, technology development and studies in policy and management}, number = {19}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {10.3390/en13195144}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28167}, pages = {1 -- 31}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Despite strong political efforts in Europe, industrial small- and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) seem to neglect adopting practices for energy effciency. By taking a cultural perspective, this study investigated what drives the establishment of energy effciency and corresponding practices in SMEs. Based on 10 ethnographic case studies and a quantitative survey among 500 manufacturing SMEs, the results indicate the importance of everyday employee behavior in achieving energy savings. The studied enterprises value behavior related measures as similarly important as technical measures. Raising awareness for energy issues within the organization, therefore, constitutes an essential leadership task that is oftentimes perceived as challenging and frustrating. It was concluded that the embedding of energy efficiency in corporate strategy, the use of a broad spectrum of different practices, and the empowerment and involvement of employees serve as major drivers in establishing energy effciency within SMEs. Moreover, the findings reveal institutional influences on shaping the meanings of energy effciency for the SMEs by raising attention for energy effciency in the enterprises and making energy effciency decisions more likely. The main contribution of the paper is to offer an alternative perspective on energy effciency in SMEs beyond the mere adoption of energy-effcient technology.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchlegelKraus2020, author = {Schlegel, Dennis and Kraus, Patrick}, title = {Robotic process automation as an emerging career opportunity: an analysis of required qualifications and skills}, series = {Business theory and practice across industries and markets : proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of the EuroMed Academy of Business, Palermo, Italy, September 09 - 10, 2020}, booktitle = {Business theory and practice across industries and markets : proceedings of the 13th Annual Conference of the EuroMed Academy of Business, Palermo, Italy, September 09 - 10, 2020}, editor = {Vrontis, Demetris and Weber, Yaakov and Tsoukatos, Evangelos}, publisher = {EuroMed Press}, isbn = {978-9963-711-89-5}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28158}, pages = {1083 -- 1097}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The automation of work by means of disruptive technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is currently intensely discussed in business practice and academia. Recent studies indicate that many tasks manually conducted by humans today will not in the future. In a similar vein, it is expected that new roles will emerge. The aim of this study is to analyze prospective employment opportunities in the context of RPA in order to foster our understanding of the pivotal qualifications, expertise and skills necessary to find an occupation in a completely changing world of work. This study is based on an explorative, content analysis of 119 job advertisements related to RPA in Germany. The data was collected from major German online job platforms, qualitatively coded, and subsequently analyzed quantitatively. The research indicates that there indeed are employment opportunities, especially in the consulting sector. The positions require different technological expertise such as specific programming languages and knowledge in statistics. The results of this study provide guidance for organizations and individuals on reskilling requirements for future employment. As many of the positions require profound IT expertise, the generally accepted perspective that existing employees affected by automation can be retrained to work in the emerging positions has to be seen extremely critical. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by providing a novel perspective on the ongoing discussion of employment opportunities, and reskilling demands of the existing workforce in the context of recent technological developments and automation.}, language = {en} } @article{SteinbachSchneiderHauleretal.2020, author = {Steinbach, Julia and Schneider, Markus and Hauler, Otto and Lorenz, G{\"u}nter and Rebner, Karsten and Kandelbauer, Andreas}, title = {A process analytical concept for in-line FTIR monitoring of polysiloxane formation}, series = {Polymers}, volume = {12}, journal = {Polymers}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4360}, doi = {10.3390/polym12112473}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28131}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The chemical synthesis of polysiloxanes from monomeric starting materials involves a series of hydrolysis, condensation and modification reactions with complex monomeric and oligomeric reaction mixtures. Real-time monitoring and precise process control of the synthesis process is of great importance to ensure reproducible intermediates and products and can readily be performed by optical spectroscopy. In chemical reactions involving rapid and simultaneous functional group transformations and complex reaction mixtures, however, the spectroscopic signals are often ambiguous due to overlapping bands, shifting peaks and changing baselines. The univariate analysis of individual absorbance signals is hence often only of limited use. In contrast, batch modelling based on the multivariate analysis of the time course of principal components (PCs) derived from the reaction spectra provides a more efficient tool for real time monitoring. In batch modelling, not only single absorbance bands are used but information over a broad range of wavelengths is extracted from the evolving spectral fingerprints and used for analysis. Thereby, process control can be based on numerous chemical and morphological changes taking place during synthesis. "Bad" (or abnormal) batches can quickly be distinguished from "normal" ones by comparing the respective reaction trajectories in real time. In this work, FTIR spectroscopy was combined with multivariate data analysis for the in-line process characterization and batch modelling of polysiloxane formation. The synthesis was conducted under different starting conditions using various reactant concentrations. The complex spectral information was evaluated using chemometrics (principal component analysis, PCA). Specific spectral features at different stages of the reaction were assigned to the corresponding reaction steps. Reaction trajectories were derived based on batch modelling using a wide range of wavelengths. Subsequently, complexity was reduced again to the most relevant absorbance signals in order to derive a concept for a low-cost process spectroscopic set-up which could be used for real-time process monitoring and reaction control.}, language = {en} } @article{TremmlLoebbe2020, author = {Tremml, Timo and L{\"o}bbe, Sabine}, title = {"Working harder" lohnt sich: je professionaller der Aufsichtsrat, desto h{\"o}her die Chance auf Unternehmenserfolg}, series = {Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen : et ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Energiewirtschaft, Recht, Technik und Umwelt}, volume = {70}, journal = {Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen : et ; Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Energiewirtschaft, Recht, Technik und Umwelt}, number = {7/8}, publisher = {VDE Verlag GmbH}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {0013-743X}, pages = {65 -- 68}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Anspruch an Energieversorger wird wachsen: in Zukunft gewinnen vor allem Aufgaben wie die Entwicklung digitalisierter Produkte/Dienstleistungen sowie {\"o}kologische Aktivit{\"a}ten an Relevanz. Dies zeigt die Hochschule Reutlingen in ihrer aktuellen Untersuchung unter Aufsichtsr{\"a}ten, Gesch{\"a}ftsf{\"u}hrern und F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}ften. Trotz der erwarteten Ver{\"a}nderungen: die Aufsichtsr{\"a}te sind sich zwar ihrem Druck zu mehr Professionalisierung bewusst, scheinen aktuell aber nur m{\"a}ßig f{\"u}r die k{\"u}nftigen Herausforderungen des Unternehmens ger{\"u}stet. Besonders relevant dabei: die Professionalisierung der Gremienarbeit in kommunalen EVU erm{\"o}glicht einen h{\"o}heren wahrgenommenen Unternehmenserfolg. So die Studie des Reutlinger Energiezentrums and der Hochschule Reutlingen im Auftrag von f{\"u}nf Unternehmen der Branche.}, language = {de} } @article{WelteEstlerLucke2020, author = {Welte, Rebecca and Estler, Manfred and Lucke, Dominik}, title = {A method for implementation of machine learning solutions for predictive maintenance in small and medium sized enterprises}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {93}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2020.04.052}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28125}, pages = {909 -- 914}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In recent years, machine learning algorithms have made a huge development in performance and applicability in industry and especially maintenance. Their application enables predictive maintenance and thus offers efficiency increases. However, a successful implementation of such solutions still requires high effort in data preparation to obtain the right information, interdisciplinarity in teams as well as a good communication to employees. Here, small and medium sized enterprises (SME) often lack in experience, competence and capacity. This paper presents a systematic and practice-oriented method for an implementation of machine learning solutions for predictive maintenance in SME, which has already been validated.}, language = {en} } @article{HenkeLuckeEigenbrod2020, author = {Henke, J{\"u}rgen and Lucke, Dominik and Eigenbrod, Hartmut}, title = {Using context data to improve the overall quality in process chains}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {93}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2020.04.110}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28111}, pages = {622 -- 627}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Process quality has reached a high level on mass production, utilizing well known methods like the DoE. The drawback of the unterlying statistical methods is the need for tests under real production conditions, which cause high costs due to the lost output. Research over the last decade let to methods for correcting a process by using in-situ data to correct the process parameters, but still a lot of pre-production is necessary to get this working. This paper presents a new approach in improving the product quality in process chains by using context data - which in part are gathered by using Industry 4.0 devices - to reduce the necessary pre-production.}, language = {en} } @article{StyrSchumacherBaueretal.2020, author = {Styr, Angelika and Schumacher, Simon and Bauer, Dennis and Lucke, Dominik and Bauernhansl, Thomas}, title = {Description model for the assessment of Autonomous Production stages}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {93}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2020.03.048}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28101}, pages = {353 -- 358}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Driven by digital transformation, manufacturing systems are heading towards autonomy. The implementation of autonomous elements in manufacturing systems is still a big challenge. Especially small and medium sized enterprises (SME) often lack experience to assess the degree of Autonomous Production. Therefore, a description model for the assessment of stages for Autonomous Production has been identified as a core element to support such a transformation process. In contrast to existing models, the developed SME-tailored model comprises different levels within a manufacturing system, from single manufacturing cells to the factory level. Furthermore, the model has been validated in several case studies.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiebolderReich2020, author = {Diebolder, Carmen and Reich, Kerstin}, title = {Workshop „Spannungsfelder erleben - Zusammenwirken von {\"O}kologie, Gesellschaft und {\"O}konomie"}, series = {Es ist schon da. Was tun? : 27. gws-forum, 26. - 28. Februar 2020, Oberursel bei Frankfurt}, booktitle = {Es ist schon da. Was tun? : 27. gws-forum, 26. - 28. Februar 2020, Oberursel bei Frankfurt}, publisher = {Hochschule Reutlingen}, address = {Reutlingen}, doi = {10.34645/opus-2808}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28080}, pages = {1 -- 6}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{ReichDiebolder2020, author = {Reich, Kerstin and Diebolder, Carmen}, title = {Prototypische Strukturaufstellung}, series = {Es ist schon da. Was tun? : 27. gws-forum, 26. - 28. Februar 2020, Oberursel bei Frankfurt}, booktitle = {Es ist schon da. Was tun? : 27. gws-forum, 26. - 28. Februar 2020, Oberursel bei Frankfurt}, publisher = {gws-netzwerk f{\"u}r Systemische Organisations- und Personalentwicklung e.V.}, address = {Oberursel}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28099}, pages = {1 -- 4}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Matthias Varga von Kib{\´e}d und Insa Sparrer unterscheiden zwischen drei verschiedenen Aufstellungsmethoden (Sparrer und Varga von Kib{\´e}d, o. D.): Der spezifisch (konkreten), der virtuellen und der prototypischen Aufstellung. Bei spezifischen Aufstellungen wird ein konkretes Anliegen eines Klienten betrachtet. Im Gegensatz dazu, werden bei virtuellen Aufstellungen eine {\"U}bungsumgebung geschaffen. In dieser k{\"o}nnen Aufstellungstechniken und Interventionsmethoden ge{\"u}bt werden. Bei prototypischen Strukturaufstellungen werden Themen zusammengefasst, die mehrere Teilnehmer im Seminar ber{\"u}hren bzw. in deren Alltag immer wieder auftreten k{\"o}nnen. Dieses Thema wird wie eine spezifische Aufstellung bearbeitet jedoch ohne ein konkretes vorliegendes Anliegen. Beispiele f{\"u}r prototypische Strukturaufstellungen kommen aus vielen Bereichen z.B. dem F{\"u}hrungsalltag, Teamentwicklung, Konfliktmanagement, Gespr{\"a}chsf{\"u}hrung, Zeit- und Selbstmanagement.}, language = {de} } @techreport{KappesUrbainczykArtzetal.2020, author = {Kappes, Ralf and Urbainczyk, Tobias and Artz, Ulrike and Textor, Torsten and Gutmann, Jochen and Mayer-Gall, Thomas}, title = {Sol-Gel basierte Flammschutzausr{\"u}stungen f{\"u}r Textilien. - (DTNW-Mitteilungen Nr. 94)}, publisher = {Deutsches Textilforschungszentrum Nord-West}, address = {Krefeld}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.12914.32969/1}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28070}, pages = {102}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Sol-Gel basierte Flammschutzmittel stellen einen vielversprechenden Ansatz f{\"u}r Textilien dar, gerade im Bereich des Ersatzes von derzeit etablierten halogenhaltigen Flammschutzmitteln. Letztere sind aufgrund ihrer toxikologisch Bedenklichkeit sowie ihrer mitunter bioakkumulierenden Eigenschaften in die Kritik geraten. In diesem Forschungsvorhaben wurde daher untersucht auf welche Weise ein Flammschutz per Sol-Gel-Ansatz auf Stickstoff- und/oder Phosphorbasis als halogenfreie Alternative verwirklicht werden kann. Die Sol-Gel-Schicht fungierte dabei zum einen als nicht brennbarer Binder, zum anderen konnten {\"u}ber das Einf{\"u}hren entsprechender funktioneller Seitenketten f{\"u}r den Flammschutz aktive Gruppen direkt mit eingebunden werden. Verschiedene Ans{\"a}tze wurden dabei verfolgt. Vor allem durch die Nutzung von additivierten Systemen, d.h. durch Sol-Gel-Schichten mit Zus{\"a}tzen von stickstoff- und/oder phosphorhaltigen Verbindungen konnte ein Flammschutz nach DIN EN ISO 15025 (Schutzkleidung - Schutz gegen Hitze und Flammen) erhalten werden. Anhand eines Modellsystems, bei dem in zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Schritten zuerst eine funktionalisierte Sol-Gel-Schicht und anschließend eine Phosphorverbindung in einem zweiten Schritt aufgebracht wurde, konnten die Vorteile des Flammschutzes auf Sol-Gel-Basis nachgewiesen werden. Dabei wurde unter anderem auch gezeigt, dass ein Mechanismus auf Basis der Bildung einer Schutzschicht haupts{\"a}chlich verantwortlich f{\"u}r den Flammschutz ist. Dieses Ergebnis ist f{\"u}r eine zuk{\"u}nftige, weitere Optimierung entsprechender Ausr{\"u}stungen nicht zu untersch{\"a}tzen. Durch Ausr{\"u}stungsversuche im semi-industriellen Maßstab konnte weiterhin gezeigt werden, dass einer großtechnischen Umsetzung der angewandten Ausr{\"u}stungen prinzipiell nichts im Wege steht. Abstriche m{\"u}ssen bis dato lediglich bez{\"u}glich der Waschstabilit{\"a}t gemacht werden. Die Sol-Gel-Schichten {\"u}berstanden zwar im allgemeinen typische Waschprozesse, eine Permanenz der Flammfestigkeit von additivierten Systemen ergab sich aber nur in einzelnen F{\"a}llen. Ausgehend von den Ergebnissen wurde ein neuer Ansatz vorgestellt, der {\"u}ber den hier zugrundeliegenden Ansatz hinausgeht. Dieser sieht vor, durch den Einsatz von neu-synthetisierten Silanen mit Stickstoff- und Phosphorgruppen Sol-Gel-Schichten herzustellen, die ein vielversprechendes Verhalten zeigen. Hier konnte auch nach ersten Waschtests eine Aufrechterhaltung der verbesserten Flammfestigkeit nachgewiesen werden. Insgesamt konnte innerhalb des Forschungsvorhabens gezeigt werden, dass ein Flammschutz auf Sol-Gel-Basis f{\"u}r Textilien erhalten werden kann. Dar{\"u}berhinaus konnte auch erkl{\"a}rt werden auf welchem Mechanismus dieser Flammschutz begr{\"u}ndet ist und wie die derzeit noch ungen{\"u}gende Waschpermanenz verbessert werden kann.}, language = {de} } @article{EllerHofmannSchwarz2020, author = {Eller, Eric and Hofmann, Rupert and Schwarz, Jan Oliver}, title = {The customer foresight territory}, series = {MundoPM}, journal = {MundoPM}, address = {Sao Paolo}, issn = {1807-8095}, pages = {68 -- 77}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Customer foresight is a relatively new research field. We introduce the customer foresight territory by discussing it localization between customer research and foresight research. For this purposse, we look at a variety of methods that help to understand customers and future realities. On this basis we provide an overwiew of customer foresight methods and outline an ideal-typical research journey.}, language = {en} } @article{WahlCharifzadehDiefenbach2020, author = {Wahl, Annika and Charifzadeh, Michel and Diefenbach, Fabian}, title = {Voluntary adopters of integrated reporting - evidence on forecast accuracy and firm value}, series = {Business strategy and the environment}, volume = {29}, journal = {Business strategy and the environment}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {New York}, issn = {0964-4733}, doi = {10.1002/bse.2519}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28050}, pages = {2542 -- 2556}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This study investigates how integrated reporting (IR) creates value for investors. It examines how providers of financial capital benefit from an improved firm information environment provided by IR. Specifically, this study investigates the effect of voluntary IR disclosure on analyst earnings forecast accuracy as well as on firm value. To do so, we use an international sample of 167 listed companies that voluntarily publish an integrated report. Our analysis shows no significant effect of a voluntary IR publication on analyst earnings forecast accuracy and no significant effect on firm value. We thus do not find evidence for the fulfillment of IR's promises regarding improved information environment and value creation of voluntary adopters. We conclude that such companies might already have a relatively high level of transparency leading to an absent additional effect of IR disclosure. Positive effects of IR appear to be more relevant in environments where IR is mandatory.}, language = {en} } @article{Schwarz2020, author = {Schwarz, Jan Oliver}, title = {Revisiting scenario planning and business wargaming from an Open Strategy perspective}, series = {World future review : a journal of strategic foresight}, volume = {12}, journal = {World future review : a journal of strategic foresight}, number = {3}, publisher = {Sage Publ.}, address = {Thousand Oaks, Calif.}, issn = {1946-7567}, doi = {10.1177/1946756720953182}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28047}, pages = {291 -- 303}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The key aim of Open Strategy is to open up the process of strategy development to larger groups within and even outside an organization. Furthermore, Open Strategy aims to include broad groups of stakeholders in the various steps of the strategy process. The question at hand is how can Open Strategy be achieved? What approaches can be used? Scenario planning and business wargaming are approaches perceived as relevant tools in the field of strategy and strategic foresight and in the context of Open Strategy because of their participative nature. The aim of this article is to assess to what degree scenario planning and business wargaming can be used in the context of Open Strategy. While these approaches are suitable, their current application limits the number of potential participants. Further research and experimentation in practice with larger groups and/or online approaches, or a combination of both, are needed to explore the potential of scenario planning and business wargaming as tools for Open Strategy.}, language = {en} } @article{DietrichPalmLouw2020, author = {Dietrich, Fabian and Palm, Daniel and Louw, Louis}, title = {Smart contract based framework to increase transparency of manufacturing networks}, series = {Procedia CIRP}, volume = {91}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {10.1016/j.procir.2020.02.177}, url = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28039}, pages = {278 -- 283}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Globalisation, shorter product life cycles, and increasing product varieties have led to complex supply chains. At the same time, there is a growing interest of customers and governments in having a greater transparency of brands, manufacturers, and producers throughout the supply chain. Due to the complex structure of collaborative manufacturing networks, the increase of supply chain transparency is a challenge for manufacturing companies. The blockchain technology offers an innovative solution to increase the transparency, security, authenticity, and auditability of products. However, there are still uncertainties when applying the blockchain technology to manufacturing scenarios and thus enable all stakeholders to trace back each component of an assembled product. This paper proposes a framework design to increase the transparency and auditability of products in collaborative manufacturing networks by adopting the blockchain technology. In this context, each component of a product is marked with a unique identification number generated by blockchain-based smart contracts. In this way, a transparent auditability of assembled products and their components can be achieved for all stakeholders, including the custome.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DietrichTurgutPalmetal.2020, author = {Dietrich, Fabian and Turgut, Ali and Palm, Daniel and Louw, Louis}, title = {Smart contract-based blockchain solution to reduce supply chain risks}, series = {Advances in production management systems, towards smart and digital manufacturing : IFIP WG 5.7 International Conference, APMS 2020, Novi Sad, Serbia, August 30 - September 3, 2020, proceedings. - Part II. - (IFIP advances in information and communication technology ; 1592)}, booktitle = {Advances in production management systems, towards smart and digital manufacturing : IFIP WG 5.7 International Conference, APMS 2020, Novi Sad, Serbia, August 30 - September 3, 2020, proceedings. - Part II. - (IFIP advances in information and communication technology ; 1592)}, editor = {Lalic, Bojan}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-57997-5_20}, pages = {165 -- 173}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Companies are becoming aware of the potential risks arising from sustainability aspects in supply chains. These risks can affect ecological, economic or social aspects. One important element in managing those risks is improved transparency in supply chains by means of digital transformation. Innovative technologies like blockchain technology can be used to enforce transparency. In this paper, we present a smart contract-based Supply Chain Control Solution to reduce risks. Technological capabilities of the solution will be compared to a similar technology approach and evaluated regarding their benefits and challenges within the framework of supply chain models. As a result, the proposed solution is suitable for the dynamic administration of complex supply chains.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SteinmetzerPiatraschkBoenningeretal.2019, author = {Steinmetzer, Tobias and Piatraschk, Simon and B{\"o}nninger, Ingrid and Travieso, Carlos and Priwitzer, Barbara}, title = {Gesture recognition with 3D sensors using Hidden Markov Models and clustering}, series = {IWOBI 2019 : IEEE International Work Conference on Bioinspired Intelligence : proceeding, July 3-5, 2019, Budapest, Hungary}, booktitle = {IWOBI 2019 : IEEE International Work Conference on Bioinspired Intelligence : proceeding, July 3-5, 2019, Budapest, Hungary}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, doi = {10.1109/IWOBI47054.2019.9114513}, pages = {127 -- 132}, year = {2019}, abstract = {We propose a method for recognizing dynamic gestures using a 3D sensor. New aspects of the developed system include problem-adapted data conversion and compression as well as automatic detection of different variants of the same gesture via clustering with a suitable metric inspired by Jaccard metric. The combination of Hidden Markov Models and clustering leads to robust detection of different executions based on a small set of training data. We achieved an increase of 5\% recognition rate compared to regular Hidden Markov Models. The system has been used for human-machine interaction and might serve as an assistive system in physiotherapy and neurological or orthopedic diagnosis.}, language = {en} }