@article{KazmaierTaefiHettesheimer2020,
  author    = {Kazmaier, Markus and Taefi, Tessa and Hettesheimer, Tim},
  title     = {Techno-economical and ecological potential of electric scooters : a life cycle analysis},
  series = {European journal of transport and infrastructure research : EJTIR},
  volume    = {20},
  journal   = {European journal of transport and infrastructure research : EJTIR},
  number    = {4},
  publisher = {Delft University of Technology},
  address   = {Delft},
  issn      = {1567-7141},
  doi       = {10.18757/ejtir.2020.20.4.4912},
  url       = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-28552},
  pages     = {233 -- 251},
  year      = {2020},
  abstract  = {In Germany, mobility is currently in a state of flux. Since June 2019, electric kick scooters (e-scooters) have been permitted on the roads, and this market is booming. This study employs a user survey to generate new data, supplemented by expert interviews to determine whether such e-scooters are a climate-friendly means of transport. The environmental impacts are quantified using a life cycle assessment. This results in a very accurate picture of e-scooters in Germany. The global warming potential of an e-scooter calculated in this study is 165 g CO2-eq./km, mostly due to material and production (that together account for 73\% of the impact). By switching to e-scooters where the battery is swapped, the global warming potential can be reduced by 12\%. The lowest value of 46 g CO2-eq./km is reached if all possibilities are exploited and the life span of e-scooters is increased to 15 months. Comparing these emissions with those of the replaced modal split, e-scooters are at best 8\% above the modal split value of 39 g CO2-eq./km.},
  language  = {en}
}