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Challenges and implementation aspects of switched-mode power supplies with digital control for automotive applications

  • Switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) convert an input DC-voltage into a higher or lower output voltage. In automotive, analog control is mostly used in order to keep the required output voltages constant and resistant to disturbances. The design of robust analog control for SMPS faces parameter variations of integrated and external passive components. Using digital control, parameter variations can be eliminated and the required area for the integrated circuit can be reduced at the same time. Digital control design bears challenges like the prevention of limit cycle oscillations and controller wind-up. This paper reviews how to prevent these effects. Digital control loops introduce new sources for dead times in the control loop, for example the latency of the analog-to-digitalconverter (ADC). Dead times have negative influence on the stability of the control loop, because they lead to phase delays. Consequently, low latency is one of the key requirements for analog-to-digital converters in digitally controlled SMPS. Exploiting the example of a 500 kHz-buck converter with a crossover frequency of 70 kHz, this paper shows that the 5 μs-latency of a 16-analog-to-digital-converter leads to a reduction in phase margin of 126°. The latency is less critical for boost converters because of their inherent lower crossover frequencies. Finally, the paper shows a comparison between analog and digital control of SMPS with regard to chip area and test costs.

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Metadaten
Author of HS ReutlingenQuenzer-Hohmuth, Samuel; Wicht, Bernhard
URN:urn:nbn:de:bsz:rt2-opus4-11287
DOI:https://doi.org/10.5194/ars-14-85-2016
ISSN:1684-9965
eISSN:1684-9973
Erschienen in:Advances in radio science
Publisher:Copernicus GmbH
Place of publication:Darmstadt
Document Type:Journal article
Language:English
Publication year:2016
Volume:14
Page Number:6
First Page:85
Last Page:90
DDC classes:620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
Open access?:Ja
Licence (German):License Logo  Creative Commons - Namensnennung