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Die Arbeit stellt die Möglichkeiten von 3D-Controllern für den Einsatz in der interventionellen Radiologie und insbesondere für die Steuerung der Echtzeit-Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) dar. Dies ist interessant in Bezug auf die kontrollierte Navigation in ein Zielgewebe. Dabei kann der Interventionalist durch Echtzeit- Bildgebung den Verlauf des Eingriffs verfolgen, allerdings kann er bisher das MRT während der Durchführung des Eingriffs nicht selbst steuern, da dies durch den Assistenten im Nebenraum erfolgt. Die Kommunikation ist bei dem hohen Geräuschpegel aber sehr schwer. Diese Arbeit setzt an dieser Stelle an und analysiert 3D-Controller auf die Eignung für die Echtzeit-Steuerung eines MRTs. Dabei wurden trackingbasierte und trackinglose Geräte betrachtet. Als Ergebnis ließ sich festhalten, dass trackingbasierte Verfahren weniger geeignet sind, aufgrund der nicht ausreichenden Interpretation der Eingaben. Die trackinglosen Geräte hingegen sind aufgrund der korrekten Interpretation aller Eingaben und der intuitiven Bedienung geeignet.
Digitization fosters the development of IT environments with many rather small structures, like Internet of Things (IoT), microservices, or mobility systems. They are needed to support flexible and agile digitized products and services. The goal is to create service-oriented enterprise architectures (EA) that are self optimizing and resilient. The present research paper investigates methods for decision-making concerning digitization architectures for Internet of Things and microservices. They are based on evolving enterprise architecture reference models and state of the art elements for architectural engineering for microgranular systems. Decision analytics in this field becomes increasingly complex and decision support, particularly for the development and evolution of sustainable enterprise architectures, is sorely needed. The challenging of the decision processes can be supported with in a more flexible and intuitive way by an architecture management cockpit.
Social networks, smart portable devices, Internet of Things (IoT) on base of technologies like analytics for big data and cloud services are emerging to support flexible connected products and agile services as the new wave of digital transformation. Biological metaphors of living and adaptable ecosystems with service-oriented enterprise architectures provide the foundation for self-optimizing and resilient run-time environments for intelligent business services and related distributed information systems. We are extending Enterprise Architecture (EA) with mechanisms for flexible adaptation and evolution of information systems having distributed IoT and other micro-granular digital architecture to support next digitization products, services, and processes. Our aim is to support flexibility and agile transformation for both IT and business capabilities through adaptive digital enterprise architectures. The present research paper investigates additionally decision mechanisms in the context of multi-perspective explorations of enterprise services and Internet of Things architectures by extending original enterprise architecture reference models with state of art elements for architectural engineering and digitization.
The digital transformation of our society changes the way we live, work, learn, communicate, and collaborate. This disruptive change drive current and next information processes and systems that are important business enablers for the context of digitization since years. Our aim is to support flexibility and agile transformations for both business domains and related information technology with more flexible enterprise information systems through adaptation and evolution of digital architectures. The present research paper investigates the continuous bottom-up integration of micro-granular architectures for a huge amount of dynamically growing systems and services, like microservices and the Internet of Things, as part of a new composed digital architecture. To integrate micro-granular architecture models into living architectural model versions we are extending enterprise architecture reference models by state of art elements for agile architectural engineering to support digital products, services, and processes.
The presented wide-Vin step-down converter introduces a parallel-resonant converter (PRC), comprising an integrated 5-bit capacitor array and a 300 nH resonant coil, placed in parallel to a conventional buck converter. Unlike conventional resonant concepts, the implemented soft-switching control eliminates input voltage dependent losses over a wide operating range. This ensures high efficiency across a wide range of Vin= 12-48V, 100-500mA load and 5V output at up to 15MHz switching frequency. The peak efficiency of the converter is 76.3 %. Thanks to the low output current ripple, the output capacitor can be as small as 50 nF, while the inductor tolerates a larger ESR, resulting in small component size. The proposed PRC architecture is also suitable for future power electronics applications using fast-switching GaN devices.
This publication gives a short introduction and overview of the European project SCOUT and introduces a methodology for a holistic approach to record the state of the art in technical (vehicle and connectivity, human factors regarding physiologic and ergonomic level) and non-technical enablers (societal, economic, legal, regulatory and policy level) of connected and automated driving in Europe. The paper addresses beside the technical topics of environmental perception, E/E architecture, actuators and security, the state of the art of the legal framework in the context of connected and automated driving.
Diese Arbeit liefert einen Konzeptentwurf, der die Integration verschiedener Systeme mit prozessrelevanten klinischen Diensten gewährleistet. Chirurgische Abläufe werden in Form von Prozessen modelliert. Die Wahl der Notation und die Art der Modellierung dieser Prozesse spielt in der heutigen Forschung in diesem Gebiet eine zentrale Rolle. Sind diese Prozesse modelliert, besteht die Möglichkeit, diese in einer Workflow-Engine automatisiert auszuführen. Im Rahmen der Entwicklung eines Workflow-Managment-Systems stellt sich die Frage, wie die Anbindung dieser Workflow-Engine mit anderen Systemen erfolgen soll. In der Arbeit werden Schnittstellen abstrakt in der Web Services Description Language (WSDL) definiert. Darum werden automatisiert Artefakte erzeugt. Auf der Grundlage dieser Artefakte erfolgt die Integration der Systeme. Die Workflow-Engine kommunizieren über SOAP-Nachrichten (Simple Object Access Protocol) mit den entsprechenden Systemen. Dieser Ansatz wurde mithilfe eines Prototyps validiert und umgesetzt.
A novel configuration of the dual active bridge (DAB) DC/DC converter is presented, enabling more efficient wide voltage range conversion at light loads. A third phase leg as well as a center tapped transformer are introduced to one side of the converter. This concept provides two different turn ratios, thus extending the zero voltage switching operation resulting in higher efficiency. A laboratory prototype was built converting an input voltage of 40V to an output voltage in the range of 350V to 650V. Measurements show a significant increase up to 20% in the efficiency for light-load operation.
This paper presents a control strategy for optimal utilization of photovoltaic (PV) generated power in conjunction with an Energy Storage System (ESS). The ESS is specifically designed to be retrofitted into existing PV systems in an end-user application. It can be attached in parallel to the PV system and connects to existing DC/AC inverters. In particular, the study covers the impact such a modification has on the output power of existing PV panels. A distinct degradation of PV output power was found due to the different power characteristics of PV panel and ESS. To overcome such degradation a novel feedback system is proposed. The feedback system continuously modifies the power characteristic of the ESS to match the PV panel and thus achieves optimal power utilization. Impact on PV and power point tracking performance is analyzed. Simulation of the proposed system is performed in MATLAB/Simulink. The results are found to be satisfactory.
How to protect the skin from getting sun burnt? The sun can damage your skin e.g. skin cancer. But the sun has a positive effect to the human. The time in sun and the intensity are key values between enjoy the sunbath and having a negative effect to the skin. A smart device like a UV flower could help you to enjoy the sunbath. It measures the UV index around you and gives this information to a smartphone app. The development steps of such a device are described in this paper. The UV flower is made of textile fabrics.
IT Governance (ITG) is crucial due to its significant impact on enabling innovation and enhancing firm performance. Hence, in the last decade ITG has become important in both academic and in practical research. Although several studies have investigated individual aspects of ITG success and its impact on single determinants, the causal relationship of how ITG promotes firm performance remains unclear. Thus, a more comprehensive understanding about the link between ITG and firm performance is needed. To address this gap, this research aims at understanding how ITG and firm performance are related. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature review (1) to create an overview on how current research structures the link between ITG mechanisms and firm performance, (2) to uncover key constructs as potential mediators or moderators on the general link between ITG and performance, and (3) to set the basis for future studies on the ITG-firm performance relationship.
The success of an autonomous robotic system is influenced by several interdependent factors not easily identifiable. This paper is set to lay the foundation of a new integrated approach in order to deeply examine all the parameters and understand their contribution to success. After introducing the problem, two cutting edge autonomous systems for the process of unloading of containers will be presented. Then the STIC analysis, a recently developed method for modelling and interpreting all the parameters, will be introduced. The preliminary results of applying such a methodology to a first study case, based on one of the two systems available to the authors, will be shortly presented. Future research is in the end recommended in order to prove that this methodology is the only way to efficiently and effectively mitigate the risk that stops potential users from investing in autonomous systems in the logistics sector.
In this work we investigate the behavior of MIS- and Schottky-gate AlGaN/GaN HEMTs under high-power pulsestress. A special setup capable of applying pulses of constant power is used to evaluate the electro-thermal response in different operating points. For both types of devices, the time to failure was found to decrease with increasing drain-source voltage. Overall, the Schottky-gate device displays a higher pulse robustness. The pulse withstand time of the MIS-gate device is limited by the occurrence of a thermal instability at approximately 240°C while the Schottky-gate device displays a rapid increase of the gate leakage current prior to failure. The mechanism responsible for this gate current is further investigated by static and transient temperature measurements and yielded activation energies of 0.6 eV and 0.84 eV.
The main challenge when driving heat pumps by PV-electricity is balancing differing electrical and thermal demands. In this article, a heuristic method for optimal operation of a heat pump driven by a maximum share of PV-electricity is presented. For this purpose, the (DHW) are activated in order shift the operation of the heat pump to times of PV-generation. The system under consideration refers to thermal and electrical demands of a single family house. It consists of a heat pump, a thermal energy storage for DHW and of grid connected heating and generation of domestic hot water, the heat pump runs with two different supply temperatures and thereby achieving a maximum overall COP. Within the algorithm for optimization a set of heuristic rules is developed in a way that the operational characteristics of the heat pump in terms of minimum running and stopping times are met as well as the limiting constraints of upper and lower limits of room temperature and energy content of electricity generated, a varying number of heat pump schedules fulfilling the bundary conditions are created. Finally, the schedule offering the maximum on-site utilization of PV-electricity with a minimum number of starts of the heat pump, which serves as secondary condition, is selected. Yearly simulations of this combination have been carried out. Initial results of this method indicate a significant rise in on-site consumption of the PV-electricity and heating demand fulfilment by renewable electricity with no need for a massive TES for the heating system in terms of a big water tank.
This paper reports an analysis of application and impact of FMEA on susceptibility of generic IT-networks. It is not new that in communication system, the frequency and the data transmission rate play a very important role. The rapid increase in miniaturization of electronic devices leads to very sensitivity against electromagnetic interference. Since the IT network with the data transfer rate makes a huge contribution to this development it is very important to monitor their functionality. Therefore, tests are performed to observe and ensure the data transfer rate of IT networks against IEMI. A fault tree model is presented and observed effects during radiation of disturbance on complex system by a HPEM interference sources are described using a continuous and consistent model of the physical layer to the application layer.
This work presents a spiral antenna array, which can be used in the V- and W-Band. An array equipped with Dolph-Chebychev coefficients is investigated to address issues related to the low gain and side lobe level of the radiating structure. The challenges encountered in this achievement are to provide an antenna that is not only good matched but also presents an appreciable effective bandwidth at the frequency bands of interest. Its radiation properties including the effective bandwidth and the gain are analyzed for the W-Band.
The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of sustainability communication in the fashion industry on the customers’ behavior with a focus on consumers’ perception regarding websites with sustainability-specific content. Based on a profound literature review, a projective method in form of two dummy websites is developed. Both websites illustrate sustainability communication with comprehensive and transparent information demonstrating a credible, trustful and serious commitment. Additionally, both sites have the same structure and an appealing, visualized website design as well as a customer oriented communication. While each website consists of almost the same aspects such as Vision & Mission, Value chain, Corporate Commitment, Working Conditions, Environment, Social Commitment and documents such as a Sustainability Report and Code of Conduct, they differ enormously in the sustainability-specific content. For instance, website 1 represents a sustainable and responsible company communicating sustainable issues about eco-friendly materials, fair working conditions, ecological production and their social commitment. It further includes eco-friendly wash and care advices as seen by reformation to remember consumers to take care of the environment, e.g. to wash cold or by using ecological detergents. In contrast, website 2 does not represent a sustainable and responsible fashion brand. It also does not communicate sustainable efforts or a sustainable engagement. Rather it is about offering trendy, low-priced fast- fashion products, produced under unfair working conditions with wages and working hours as usual terms in production countries with a focus on style and design. Regarding website 2, all raw materials have been produced conventionally in developing countries and are therefore not eco-friendly, resulting in a pollution of the environment due to long transport routes. Additionally, the website voices the wish to improve the chances for developing animal protection only minimally, showing that the company is not socially committed. Although website 2 focuses on transparency and a customer-oriented communication, it is not sustainable. Both websites are tested via an online survey. A total of 90 fashion students participated in the sample.
Die Arbeit stellt die Vision des Internet of Things (IoT) vor und betrachtet sowohl Möglichkeiten der Nutzung als auch Gefahrenpotentiale für die Sicherheit der Nutzer. Insbesondere wird hierbei der Anwendungsfall Smart Home näher betrachtet und am Beispiel ZigBee gravierende Schwächen dieser Geräte aufgezeigt.
In recent times, enterprises have been increasingly dealing with the use of social media in internal communication and collaboration. In particular, so-called Enterprise Social Networks (ESN) promise meaningful benefits for the nature of work in corporations. However, these platforms often suffer from poor degrees of use. This raises the question of what initiatives enterprise can launch in order to stimulate the vitality of ESN. Since the use of ESN is often voluntary, individual adoption by employees need to be examined to find an answer. Therefore, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model was selected for the theoretical foundation of this paper. Following a qualitative research approach, the available research provides an analysis of expert interviews on specific ESN implementation strategies and included factors. In order to extensively conceptualize and generalize these strategic considerations, we conducted an inductive coding process. The results reveal that ESN implementation strategies can be understood as a multi-level construct (individual vs. group vs. organizational level) containing different factors dependent on the degree of documentation and intensity. This research in progress describes a qualitative evaluation as a preliminary study for further quantitative analysis of an ESN adoption model.
Medical applications are becoming increasingly important in the current development of health care and therefore a crucial part of the medical industry. The work focuses on the analysis of requirements and the challenges arisen from designing mobile medical applications in relation to the user interface. The paper describes the current status in the development of mobile medical apps and illustrates the development of e-health market. The author will explain the requirements and will illustrate the hurdles and problems. He refers to the German market which is similar to the European and compares that with the market in the USA.
Medical applications are becoming increasingly important in the current development of health care and therefore a crucial part of the medical industry. An essential component is the development of user interfaces for mobile medical applications. The conceptual process is crucial for the further development of the main development process. Inconsistency or errors in the conceptual phase, have a serious impact on all areas and could prevent the certification for market approval.
This paper presents a guide to support developer with this process. It was developed based on a requirement analysis of the legal requirements to publish a medical device.
More and more power electronics applications utilize GaN transistors as they enable higher switching frequencies in comparison to conventional Si devices. Faster switching shrinks down the size of passives and enables compact solutions in applications like renewable energy, electrical cars and home appliances. GaN transistors benefit from ~10× smaller gate charge QG and gate drive voltages in the range of typically 5V vs. ~15V for Si.
This work presents a fully integrated GaN gate driver in a 180nm HV BCD technology that utilizes high-voltage energy storing (HVES) in an on-chip resonant LC tank, without the need of any external capacitor. It delivers up to 11nC gate charge at a 5V GaN gate, which exceeds prior art by a factor of 45-83, supporting a broad range of GaN transistor types. The stacked LC tank covers an area of only 1.44mm², which corresponds to a superior value of 7.6nC/mm².
In any autonomous driving system, the map for localization plays a vital part that is often underestimated. The map describes the world around the vehicle outside of the sensor view and is a main input into the decision making process in highly complicated scenarios. Thus there are strict requirements towards the accuracy and timeliness of the map. We present a robust and reliable approach towards crowd based mapping using a GraphSLAM framework based on radar sensors. We show on a parking lot that even in dynamically changing environments, the localization results are very accurate and reliable even in unexplored terrain without any map data. This can be achieved by collaborative map updates from multiple vehicles. To show these claims experimentally, the Joint Graph Optimization is compared to the ground truth on an industrial parking space. Mapping performance is evaluated using a dense map from a total station as reference and localization results are compared with a deeply coupled DGPS/INS system.
Understanding the factors that influence the accuracy of visual SLAM algorithms is very important for the future development of these algorithms. So far very few studies have done this. In this paper, a simulation model is presented and used to investigate the effect of the number of scene points tracked, the effect of the baseline length in triangulation and the influence of image point location uncertainty. It is shown that the latter is very critical, while the other all play important roles. Experiments with a well known semi-dense visual SLAM approach are also presented, when used in a monocular visual odometry mode. The experiments show that not including sensor bias and scale factor uncertainty is very detrimental to the accuracy of the simulation results.
This paper presents a novel multi-modal CNN architecture that exploits complementary input cues in addition to sole color information. The joint model implements a mid-level fusion that allows the network to exploit cross modal interdependencies already on a medium feature-level. The benefit of the presented architecture is shown for the RGB-D image understanding task. So far, state-of-the-art RGB-D CNNs have used network weights trained on color data. In contrast, a superior initialization scheme is proposed to pre-train the depth branch of the multi-modal CNN independently. In an end-to-end training the network parameters are optimized jointly using the challenging Cityscapes dataset. In thorough experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed model is shown. Both, the RGB GoogLeNet and further RGB-D baselines are outperformed with a significant margin on two different tasks: semantic segmentation and object detection. For the latter, this paper shows how to extract object level groundtruth from the instance level annotations in Cityscapes in order to train a powerful object detector.
Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem neuen elektronischen Personalausweis. Zum einen werden in diesem Paper die Sicherheitsziele des Personalausweises und die technische Umsetzung der Architektur und Protokolle erklärt. Es wird der Ablauf einer Online-Identifizierung für einen Nutzer mithilfe des Ausweises aufgezeigt. Risiken und Schwachstellen der Technologie im Software- und Hardwarebereich werden diskutiert und die bereits erfolgten Hack-Angriffe aufgezeigt. Die Arbeit legt Möglichkeiten dar, wie sich der Nutzer vor Angriffen schützen kann. Es werden die Gründe genannt, warum der neue Personalausweis online nur schwar Anklang findet und warum die Aufklärung über die zur Verfügung stehenden Anwendungen, eine Preisreduzierung der Lesegeräte sowie die vom Europa-Parlament und Europarat erlassene eIDAS-Verordnung nicht helfen werden, um die Nutzung voranzutreiben. Ergebnisse hierfür liefert eine Nutzerstudie. Zum anderen werden Ideen genannt, wie die Nutzung der elektronischen Funktionen des Ausweises stattdessen zu fördern ist.
Electronic word-of-mouth (eWoM) communication plays an increasingly important role in modern business. The underlying concept of word-of-mouth (WoM) communication is well researched and has proved highly significant in respect of its impact on customers purchase behavior. However, due to the advent of digital technologies, decision-making among customers is progressively shifting to the online world. Consequently, eWoM has received a lot of attention from the academic community. As multiple research papers focus on specific facets of eWoM, there is a need to integrate current research results systematically. Thus, this paper presents a scientific literature analysis in order to determine the current state-of-the-art in the field of eWoM. Five main research areas were analyzed, supporting the need for further eWoM studies and providing a structured overview of existing results.
Digitization will require companies to fundamentally reengineer their sales processes. Adapting the concept of value selling to the digital age will enable them to deliver superior value to their customers. Specifically, social selling will provide them with an answer to the ever-increasing complexity of customer journeys. This article, based on a survey among 235 German companies, assesses the status quo and outlines opportunities. Moreover, it introduces a novel approach for developing well-grounded social selling metrics.
Der folgende Artikel befasst sich mit Wearables für Pferde. Ziel ist es, die Sicherheit der Tiere bei einem Ausbruch von einer Weide zu erhöhen und damit Personen- und Sachschäden zu minimieren. Hierzu wird der Stand der Technik zur Standortbestimmung im Freien zusammengetragen und durch eine Klassifizierung der unterschiedlichen Ansätze ermittelt, welche Standortbestimmung pferdegerecht erscheint. Zudem soll ein Fragebogen konzipiert werden, um Charakteristiken und Funktionalitäten für einen Prototypen festzustellen.
Digitization transforms business process models and processes in many enterprises. However, many of them need guidance, how digitization is impacting the design of their information systems. Therefore, this paper investigates the influence of digitization on information system design. We apply a two-phase research method applying a literature review and an exploratory case study. The case study took place in the IT service provider of a large insurance enterprise. The study’s results suggest that a number of areas of information system design are affected, such as architecture, processes, data and services.
Modern power transistors are able to switch at very high transition speed, which can cause EMC violations and overshoot. This is addressed by a gate driver with variable gate current, which is able to control the transition speed. The key idea is that the gate driver can influence the di/dt and dv/dt transition separately and optimize whichever transition promises the highest improvement while keeping switching losses low. To account for changes in the load current, supply voltage, etc., a control loop is required in the driver to ensure optimized switching. In this paper, an efficient control scheme for an automotive gate driver with variable output current capability is presented. The effectiveness of the control loop is demonstrated for a MOSFET bridge consisting of OptiMOS-T2™devices with a total gate charge of 39nC. This bridge setup shows dv/dt transitions between 50 to 1000ns, depending on driving current. The driver is able to switch between gate current levels of 1 to 500mA in 10/15ns (rising/falling transition). With the implemented control loop the driver is measured to significantly reduce the ringing and thereby reduce device stress and electromagnetic emissions while keeping switching losses 52% lower than with a constant current driver.
Es wird gezeigt, wie bei Fernspeisung die Vorhersage der Erwärmung mit entsprechender Modellierung verbessert werden kann und wie der Einfluss von Material und Form des Kabelkanals die Erwärmung und das das Temperaturprofil des Bündels beeinflusst. Es wird auch vorgestellt, dass die erhöhte Erwärmung von Metallkabelkanälen auf die geringere Emissivität zurückzuführen ist und wie das verbessert werden kann.
This paper contributes to the automatic detection of perioperative workflow by developing a binary endoscope localization. Automated situation recognition in the context of an intelligent operating room requires the automatic conversion of low level cues into more abstract high level information. Imagery from a laparoscope delivers rich content that is easy to obtain but hard to process. We introduce a system which detects if the endoscope's distal tip is inside or outsiede the patient based on the endoscope video. This information can be used as one parameter in a situation recognition pipeline. Our localization performs in real-time at a video resolution of 1280x720 and 5-fold cross validation yields mean F1-scores of up to 0,94 on videos of 7 laparoscopies.
Recent digital technologies like the Internet of Things and Augmented Reality have brought IT into companies’ core products. What were previously purely physical products are becoming hybrid or digitized. Despite receiving a lot of recent attention, digitized products have only seen a slow uptake in businesses so far. In this paper, we study the challenges that keep companies from realizing the desired impacts of digitized products and the practices they employ to address these challenges. To do so, we looked at companies from a set of industries that are highly affected by digital transformation, but at the same time hesitant to move to a more digitized world: the creative industries. Based on a literature review and twelve interviews in creative industries, we developed a conceptual model that can serve as a basis for formulating testable hypotheses for further research in this area.
Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, die Infrastruktur einer modernen Fahrzeug-zu Fahrzeug-Kommunikation auf ihre Sicherheit zu prüfen. Dazu werden die Sicherheitsstandards für die Funkkommunikation genauer beschrieben und anschließend mit möglichen Angriffsmodellen geprüft. Mit dem erläuterten Wissen der VANET Architektur werden verschiedene Angriffe verständlicher. Dadurch werden die Schwachstellen offengelegt und Gegenmaßnahmen an passenden Punkten in der Architektur verdeutlicht.
This paper examines the efficacy of social media systems in customer complaint handling. The emergence of social media, as a useful complement and (possibly) a viable alternative to the traditional channels of service delivery, motivates this research. The theoretical framework, developed from literature on social media and complaint handling, is tested against data collected from two different channels (hotline and social media) of a German telecommunication services provider, in order to gain insights into channel efficacy in complaint handling. We contribute to the understanding of firm’s technology usage for complaint handling in two ways:
(a) by conceptualizing and evaluating complaint handling quality across traditional and social media channels and (b) by comparing the impact of complaint handling quality on key performance outcomes such as customer loyalty, positive word-of-mouth, and crosspurchase intentions across traditional and social media channels.
This paper investigates the impact of dynamic capabilities (DC) on brand love. From a resource-based view, there is little clarity vis-à-vis the specific capabilities that drive the ability to create brand love. This paper focuses on three research questions: Firstly, which dynamic capabilities are relevant for brand love? Secondly, how strong is the impact of certain dynamic capabilities on brand love? Thirdly, which conditions mediate and moderate the impact of specific dynamic capabilities on brand love? Data from a multi-method research approach have been used to itentify the specific capabilities that corporations need, to enhance brand love. Furthermore, a standardized online survey was conducted on marketing executives and evaluated by structural equation modeling. The results indicate, that customer expertise plays a major role in the relationship between dynamic capabilities and brand love. Furthermore, this relationship is more important in markets that have a low competitive differentiation in products and services.
Characteristics of modern computing and storage technologies fundamentally differ from traditional hardware. There is a need to optimally leverage their performance, endurance and energy consumption characteristics. Therefore, existing architectures and algorithms in modern high performance database management systems have to be redesigned and advanced. Multi Version Concurrency Control (MVCC) approaches in data-base management systems maintain multiple physically independent tuple versions. Snapshot isolation approaches enable high parallelism and concurrency in workloads with almost serializable consistency level. Modern hardware technologies benefit from multi-version approaches. Indexing multi-version data on modern hardware is still an open research area. In this paper, we provide a survey of popular multi-version indexing approaches and an extended scope of high performance single-version approaches. An optimal multi-version index structure brings look-up efficiency of tuple versions, which are visible to transactions, and effort on index maintenance in balance for different workloads on modern hardware technologies.
Database management systems (DBMS) are critical performance components in large scale applications under modern update intensive workloads. Additional access paths accelerate look-up performance in DBMS for frequently queried attributes, but the required maintenance slows down update performance. The ubiquitous B+ tree is a commonly used key-indexed access path that is able to support many required functionalities with logarithmic access time to requested records. Modern processing and storage technologies and their characteristics require reconsideration of matured indexing approaches for today's workloads. Partitioned B-trees (PBT) leverage characteristics of modern hardware technologies and complex memory hierarchies as well as high update rates and changes in workloads by maintaining partitions within one single B+-Tree. This paper includes an experimental evaluation of PBTs optimized write pattern and performance improvements. With PBT transactional throughput under TPC-C increases 30%; PBT results in beneficial sequential write patterns even in presence of updates and maintenance operations.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde ein urbaner Mixed-Reality Fahrsimulator umgesetzt. Die reale Umgebung wird hierbei in einer Greenscreen-Kammer mit Hilfe von Kamerabildern aus Nutzersicht und einem Chroma Key Shader innerhalb der virtuellen Umgebung sichtbar gemacht. Dies soll die Immersion und die Interaktivität innerhalb der virtuellen Umgebung durch die Darstellung und Verwendung von realen Elementen erhöhen.
Als virtuelle Umgebung wurde eine zufallsgenerierte Stadt geschaffen, in der KI-Fahrzeuge fahren. Die Ergebnisse der Entwicklung dieses Fahrsimulators werden in dieser Arbeit erläutert.
Der Fahrsimulator soll der Entwicklung von menschzentrierten Human-Machine-Interfaces und Motion-Capture-Komponenten dienen.
Pokémon Go was the first mobile Augmented Reality (AR) game that made it to the top of the download charts of mobile applications. However, very little is known about this new generation of mobile online Augmented Reality (AR) games. Existing media usage and technology acceptance theories provide limited applicability to the understanding of its users. Against this background, this research provides a comprehensive framework that incorporates findings from uses & gratification theory (U>), technology acceptance and risk research as well as flow theory. The proposed framework aims at explaining the drivers of attitudinal and intentional reactions, such as continuance in gaming or willingness to conduct in-app purchases. A survey among 642 Pokémon Go players provides insights into the psychological drivers of mobile AR games. Results show that hedonic, emotional and social benefits, and social norms drive, vice versa physical risks (but not privacy risks) hinder consumer reactions. However, the importance of these drivers differs between different forms of user behavior.
In den letzten Jahren beschäftigten sich Forscher und Automobilhersteller mit den Voraussetzungen für die Einführung von autonomem Fahren. Für Innovationen und Geschäftsmodelle im Bereich der intelligenten Mobilität, aber auch innerhalb der digitalen Wertschöpfungskette, spielen generell Zuverlässigkeit und Qualität der digitalen Datenübertragung eine entscheidende Rolle. Bevor das autonome Fahren vollständig eingeführt wird, muss man feststellen, welche Anforderungen an die digitale Infrastruktur beachtet werden müssen, gleichzeitig muss die Bedrohungslandschaft für autonomes Fahren analysiert werden.
Die folgende Arbeit beschäftigt sich damit, die Anforderungen und Gefahren zu analysieren und allgemeine Handlungsempfehlungen vorzuschlagen.
In this paper we describe the design and development process of an electromagnetic picker for rivets. These rivets are used in a production process of leather or textile design objects like riveted waist belts or purses. The picker is designed such that it replaces conventional mechanical pickers thus avoiding mechanical wear problems and increasing the process quality. The paper illustrates the challenges in the design process of this mechatronic system. The design process was based on both simulation and experiments leading to a prototype that satisfies the requirements.
The purpose of this article is to provide insight of a new simple forecasting method based on a state-estimation algorithm known as the Kalman filter. While the accuracy of such algorithm is not comparable to state-of-the-art forecasting algorithms for PV-power production it does not require any internet connection, eyefish cameras or time intensive training. The algorithm was tested with several months of real high-resolution data with adequate results for the intended applications. The minimization of the necessary spinning reserve on a PV-diesel hybrid system to increase the solar fraction and reduce diesel consumption.
Due to rapidly changing technologies and business contexts, many products and services are developed under high uncertainties. It is often impossible to predict customer behaviors and outcomes upfront. Therefore, product and service developers must continuously find out what customers want, requiring a more experimental mode of management and appropriate support for continuously conducting experiments. We have analytically derived an initial model for continuous experimentation from prior work and matched it against empirical case study findings from two startup companies. We examined the preconditions for setting up an experimentation system for continuous customer experiments. The resulting RIGHT model for Continuous Experimentation (Rapid Iterative value creation Gained through High-frequency Testing) illustrates the building blocks required for such a system and the necessary infrastructure. The major findings are that a suitable experimentation system requires the ability to design, manage, and conduct experiments, create so-called minimum viable products or features, link experiment results with a product roadmap, and manage a flexible business strategy. The main challenges are proper, rapid design of experiments, advanced instrumentation of software to collect, analyse, and store relevant data, and integration of experiment results in the product development cycle, software development process, and business strategy. This summary refers to the article The RIGHT Model for Continuous Experimentation, published in the Journal of Systems and Software [Fa17].
Automatisierte Analyse von Review-Daten beschäftigt sich mit den Möglichkeiten, freien Text zu analysieren und relevante Informationen daraus zu extrahieren. Die Arbeit setzt sich dabei mit Methoden des unüberwachten Lernens auseinander. Hierbei steht die Methode der Topic Modellierung im Mittelpunkt. Es werden Verfahren betrachtet, die im Bereich der textbasierten Informationsgewinnung bekannt sind. Latent Semantic Indexing LSI, (probabilistic) pLSI und Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) werden erläutert und verglichen. Die Arbeit zeigt, wie LDA genutzt wurde, um einen nhaltlichen Überblick über einen Datenkorpus von 1 Mio. Reviews zu bekommen und diesen auf einen feineren Detailgrad zu betrachten. Die Topic-basierte Analyse wird genutzt, um Erkentnisse für ein Opinion Mining System zu generieren, welches eine tiefergehende Analyse vornehmen wird. Der gesamte Prozess ist als vollständig automatisiert und maschinell unüberwacht konzeptioniert.
In 2016, German car manufacturer the Audi Group (AUDI AG) was working on an expanding array of digital innovations. The goals of these innovations varied, and included strengthening customer- and employee-facing processes, digitally enhancing existing products, and developing new, potentially disruptive business models. Audi’s IT unit was critical to each of these efforts. Based on personal interviews with 11 IT- and non-IT executives at Audi, this case examines the different ways in which digitization can help to enhance and transform an organization’s processes, products, and business models. The case also highlights the challenges that arise as large companies “digitize.”
IT platforms as the foundation of digitized processes and products are vital in a digital economy. However, many companies’ platforms are liabilities, not strategic assets because of their complexity. Consequently, companies initiate IT complexity reduction programs. But these technology-centric programs at best provide temporary relief. Soon after, companies’ platforms become just as complex as before. Based on four case studies, we identify three non-technical drivers of platform complexity: (1) Lacking awareness of consequences business decisions have on platform complexity, (2) Lacking motivation to avoid platform complexity, (3) Lacking authority to protect platforms from complexity. We propose measures to address these drivers that can help achieve more sustainable impact on platform complexity: (1) Removing information asymmetries between those creating complexity and those dealing with complexity, (2) Redefining incentives to include long-term effects on platform complexity, (3) Redressing power imbalances between those who create complexity and those who have to manage it.