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Ein Halo-Effekt liegt vor, wenn der Eindruck eines dominanten Merkmals die Beurteilung anderer Eigenschaften eines Objekts beeinflusst. Es handelt sich um eine kognitive Verzerrung, die zu verzerrten Beurteilungen führt. In einem sportbezogenenen Kontext ist der Halo-Effekt bislang kaum erforscht worden, obwohl dies wesentlich dazu beitragen könnte, das Denken und Verhalten von Sportfans zu verstehen. Das Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist es, die Frage zu beantworten, die gleichermaßen für die Theorie und die Praxis des Sportmanagements von Interesse ist: gibt es einen Halo-Effekt im Fußball? Der Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse einer empirischen Untersuchung, in deren Rahmen Fans von Vereinen aus der deutschen Fußball-Bundesliga befragt wurden.
The fierce market competition environment makes employees feel insecure at work. While it is difficult for enterprises to provide employees with a sense of security, they have to rely on employees’ innovative behavior to seek competitive advantage. Therefore, this study focuses on how employees engage in innovative behavior when they face job insecurity.MethodsUsing a variable-centered approach, this study aims to examine the mediating effects of intrinsic and impression management motivation in the relationship between quantitative and qualitative job insecurity and innovative behavior, including proactive and reactive innovative behavior. In addition, a person-centered approach is used to investigate whether it is possible to distinguish different combinations of quantitative and qualitative job insecurity, and examine the effect of these job insecurity profiles on motivation and innovative behavior. We used 503 data sets collected via the Credamo platform in China into the data analysis.ResultsThe study found that quantitative job insecurity affects proactive and reactive innovative behavior through impression management motivation and that qualitative job insecurity affects proactive and reactive innovative behavior through intrinsic and impression management motivation. In addition, three job insecurity profiles were identified: balanced high job insecurity, balanced low job insecurity, and a profile dominated by high quantitative job insecurity, all of which have significantly different effects on motivation and innovative behavior.DiscussionThis study contributes to provide new insights into the relationship between job insecurity and innovative behavior and compensate for the limitation of the traditional variable-centered approach that cannot capture heterogeneity within the workforce.
Die digitale Transformation und gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen verändern die Arbeitswelt nicht erst seit der Corona-Pandemie. Kommunikation, Kreativität und agile Vorgehensweisen in der Arbeitsorganisation rücken in den Vordergrund und werden gerade in Krisenzeiten zu wichtigen Stärken von Unternehmen. Der Grad der Selbstorganisation von Teams steigt und erfordert mehr individuelle Selbstorganisation der Beschäftigten. Dies birgt neben vielen Chancen auch Gesundheitsrisiken.
Der Report beleuchtet die agile Organisation und weitere moderne Organisationsmodelle wie die Soziokratie, die Holokratie und die evolutionäre Organisation unter dem Gesundheitsaspekt. All diese Organisationsmodelle sind gekennzeichnet durch die Abflachung von Hierarchien, eine stärkere Sinnorientierung, mehr Flexibilität sowie die Integration von Leistungspotentialen der Beschäftigten. Die Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch Unterschiede und Konfliktpotenziale werden ausführlich erklärt.
Mit diesem Hintergrundwissen können Beratende Gesundheitsthemen besser in Phasen gesundheitlicher Belastungen einbringen und richtig adressieren. Der iga.Report 44 gibt einen Überblick zum noch jungen Stand der Forschung und liefert zahlreiche Ansatzpunkte für die Präventionsarbeit und die Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung in einer neuen Arbeitswelt.
The most important objective of event marketing is to improve the image of a brand or a company. The paper presents an image transfer model for event marketing. Based on current research, an image transfer model for event marketing is developed and the conditions required for an image transfer to take place from an event to a brand or a company are explained. Depending on which conditions are met, there are different consequences with regard to the image transfer from the event to the brand or company that are structured and characterized in detail. The image transfer model is developed against the backdrop of selected event types often used in actual practice. The focus of its application lies mainly in brand-oriented leisure and infotainment events directed towards external target groups. The model provides a discussion and analysis of the impact category of the image transfer in event marketing. The paper explains that the possibility of an attitude change is given within the context of event marketing. The presented model serves to structure the image transfer in event marketing. It is intended to illustrate the steps that are involved in the emergence of an image transfer as well as the resulting alternative consequences.
Evaluation of human-robot order picking systems considering the evolution of object detection
(2022)
The automation of intralogistic processes is a major trend, but order picking, one of the core and most cost-intensive tasks in this field, remains mostly manual due to the flexibility required during picking. Reacting to its hard physical and ergonomic strain, the automation of this process is however highly relevant. Robotic picking system would enable the automation of this process from a technical point of view, but the necessity for the system to evolve in time, due to dynamics of logistic environments, faces operations with new challenges that are hardly treated in literature. This unknown scares potential investors, hindering the application of technically feasible solutions. In this paper, a model for the evaluation of the additional cost of training of automated systems during operations is presented, that also considers the savings enabled by the system after its evolution. The proposed approach, that considers different parameters such as capacity, ergonomics and cost, is validated with a case study and discussed.
Today, many industrial tasks are not automated and still require human intervention. One of these tasks is the unloading of oversea containers. After the end of transportation to the sorting center, the containers must be unloaded manually for further sending the parcels to the recipients. A robot-based automatic unloading of containers was therefore researched. However, the promising results of the system developed in these projects could not be commercialized due to problems with its reliability. Mechanical, algorithmic or other limitations are possible causes of the observed errors. To analyze errors, it is necessary to evaluate the results of the robot’s work without complicating the existing system by adding new sensors to it. This paper presents a reference system based on machine learning to evaluate the robotics grasps of parcels. It analyzes two states of the container: before and after picking up one box. The states are represented as a point cloud received from a laser scanner. The proposed system evaluates the success of transferring a box from an overseas container to the sorting line by supervised learning using convolutional neural networks (CNN) and manual labeling of the data. The process of obtaining a working model using a hyperband model search with a maximum classification error of 3.9 % is also described.
In increasingly complex production environments, tremendous efforts are being made to optimize the efficiency of a production system. An important efficiency factor is industrial maintenance, both influencing the cost and securing the technical availability of machines and components. Maintenance managers are required to deliver the necessary availability of the production system while minimizing the resources needed to do so. To make this possible, a method to evaluate the dependency between the technical availability of an entire production system and maintenance resources is necessary. This paper presents a systematic literature review of such methods is presented. In order to assess the methods proposed in the literature, first, requirements are developed, including a necessary focus on maintenance strategies within these methods. Including maintenance strategies is necessary since they provide the foundation for both the availability of a component and the maintenance resources needed. In total, 13 requirements are developed, and 21 different methods are evaluated. Only one of the proposed methods addresses all requirements, with others lacking possible combinations of maintenance strategies and the resulting influences on the production system.
According to a recent survey the great majority of players in logistics are planning to adopt one or more robotic solutions until 2019. Technical solutions for automation of processes in logistics are often available as a market-ready product, but the lack of standardization and skepticism towards long term investments are often the reasons why these solutions are not implemented on a large scale. This paper is set to bridge the gap between the world of technologies and the one of applications in order to help investors, robot producers and system integrators to decide on which branch of logistics to set their focus. The three main branches Courier Express Parcel (CEP), contract logistics and production logistics are briefly defined and distinguished through their characteristic factors and parameters. Then a method based on the analysis of three parameters (operative costs, required performance and flexibility) in the three branches is set to identify the most convenient branch of logistics for investing in new technologies, namely the one in which the risk of investment is lower, the return is higher and faster. The conclusion of the method shows that higher labor costs, strict regulations and higher standardization make the production logistics the most suitable branch for investments in emerging automation solutions.
Die Finanzkrise lies Europa und die Welt erzittern - die Staatsverschuldungskriese wurde zur Zerreißprobe für die Eurozone. Inzwischen hat sich die Situation wieder stabilisiert, doch nun steht die Eurozone vor der Herausforderung, einen Reform-Prozess anzustoßen, der das Überleben des Euros auf lange Sicht sichern soll.