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This article provides a stochastic agent-based model to exhibit the role of aggregation metrics in order to mitigate polarization in a complex society. Our sociophysics model is based on interacting and nonlinear Brownian agents, which allow us to study the emergence of collective opinions. The opinion of an agent, x i (t) is a continuous positive value in an interval [0, 1]. We find (i) most agent-metrics display similar outcomes. (ii) The middle-metric and noisy-metric obtain new opinion dynamics either towards assimilation or fragmentation. (iii) We show that a developed 2-stage metric provide new insights about convergence and equilibria. In summary, our simulation demonstrates the power of institutions, which affect the emergence of collective behavior. Consequently, opinion formation in a decentralized complex society is reliant to the individual information processing and rules of collective behavior.
Climate change is one of the key challenges of this century due to its impact on society and the economy. Students are asking their business schools to scale up climate change education (CCE) across all disciplines, and employers are looking for graduates ready to work on solutions. This desire for solutions is shared by faculty; however, in a recent survey, many highlighted that they lack knowledge about climate change mitigation and how to integrate CCE into their disciplines.
This chapter supports lecturers, professors and senior management in their journey to get an overview of CCE and, more importantly, to find high-impact climate solutions to be integrated and assessed in their teaching units.
Die meisten Innovationsprojekte in Unternehmen scheitern nicht am Mangel an Ideen, Kreativität oder am Umsetzungswillen, sondern an vielen kleinen Hürden, die die Projekte massiv entschleunigen. So verlieren Initiativen an der Dynamik, die dafür sorgt, dass sich zügig Erfolge einstellen. Ein Bereich, in dem unkonventionell, agil und schnell Ergebnisse erzielt werden, ist das Guerilla Marketing. Was können Innovations-, Forschungs- und Projektleiter aus dem Methodenbaukasten lernen? Wie können konkrete Taktiken aus dem Marketing auch Innovationsprojekten zu mehr Viralität und Schwung verhelfen, um die Eigendynamik der Initiativen „unbremsbar“ zu machen? Das erfahren Sie in diesem essential.
Hybrides Arbeiten in digitalen Prozessen sollte eigentlich sehr gut funktionieren. Durch die Digitalisierung werden Schnittstellen zwischen Abteilungen und Funktionen standardisiert sowie Abläufe durch Workflow-Systeme vorgegeben und ganz oder teilweise automatisiert. Es werden Aufgaben eindeutig zugewiesen, Datenverluste verhindert und Abweichungen vermieden. Die Nachteile der häufig noch etablierten tayloristischen, funktionsorientierten Silo-Aufbauorganisation in administrativen Bereichen werden dadurch ebenso kompensiert wie die räumliche Trennung der beteiligten Personen in einer hybriden Arbeitswelt.
Die neue Arbeitswelt verändert den Arbeitsmarkt rasant und fördert die Entwicklung neuer Arbeitsmodelle. Hybrid Work bietet dabei unzählige Zukunftspotentiale, die das eigene Unternehmen nach innen und außen auf ein ganz neues Niveau heben können. In diesem Buch stellen Expert:innen aus Wirtschaft, Politik und Wissenschaft die Herausforderungen, Chancen und Lösungen der neuen Arbeitsmodelle vor und werfen einen Blick in die Zukunft. Sie diskutieren, wie sich hybride Arbeit auf die Produktivität und das Wohlbefinden der Mitarbeiter:innen auswirkt und welche Anforderungen an Führungskräfte gestellt werden, um erfolgreich zu führen.
The EAT–Lancet planetary health diet (PHD) provides guidelines on a global scale and calls for red meat consumption to be halved. Operational PHD guidelines at country level have yet to be determined. Here we argue that the biological link between milk and bovine-meat production must be considered when operationalizing the globally calculated PHD to national contexts. Using a stylized computer simulation model rooted in a food system approach, we explore the impact of dietary scenarios on milk and bovine-meat production and show that ignoring this biological link can lead to substantial imbalances between national dietary guidelines and production outcomes and potentially lead to food waste. Furthermore, we assess current national dietary guidelines in Europe and find that most disregard this biological link and are incompatible with the PHD, with implications for policymakers and consumers to consider when adapting the PHD in national contexts.
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has reinforced China’s business engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While previous international business research focused on the internationalization and investments of Chinese companies, this viewpoint uncovers how both local African and international non-Chinese Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) may benefit from and participate in the BRI. A focus is laid on the infrastructure sector accounting for the highest investments since the inception of the BRI in 2013. In a conceptual way, the motives of SMEs to participate in infrastructure project business in the context of the BRI are explored. Investigating the challenges of two large transport infrastructure projects, the business potentials for SMEs become visible. It is argued that SMEs find business potentials particularly as investors, sub-contractors and project management experts in the BRI in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Delphi Markets
(2023)
Delphi markets refer to approaches and implementations of integrating prediction markets and Delphi studies (Real-time Delphi). The combination of the two methods for producing forecasts can potentially compensate for each other´s weaknesses. For example, prediction markets can be used to select participants with expertise and also motivate long-term participation through their gamified approach and incentive mechanisms. In this paper, two potentials for prediction markets and four potentials for Delphi studies, which are made possible by integration, are derived theoretically. Subsequently, three different integration approaches are presented, on the basis of which the integration on user, market and Delphi question-level is exemplified and it is shown that, depending on the approach, not all potentials can be achieved. At the end, recommendations for the use of Delphi markets are derived, existing limitations for Delphi markets as well as future developments are pointed out.
There are indicators we are entering a new era for MTM research, by moving beyond the structural approach that has characterized MTM research to date, to focus on important and under-researched issues, such as the nature of employees’ experiences in an MTM context. Although team research suggests that the experiences of members impact team functioning, these lines of reasoning have not, until recently, made their way to MTM research. To overcome this limitation, this symposium showcases five papers that use a variety of theoretical perspectives, research designs (i.e., qualitative, quantitative), contexts (e.g., healthcare, automotive manufacturer, online panels), methodologies, and analytical methods (i.e., meta-analysis, content/thematic analysis). The symposium focuses on surfacing and advancing unanswered questions that extend theory and can offer fruitful directions for MTM research by examining critical individual and team level outcomes (e.g., individual/team performance, individual counterproductive and organizational citizenship behavior, individual learning, individual turnover intentions, organizational commitment) in the experiences of MTM employees across their teams (e.g., goals, functions, roles). We hope to provide a forum to advance unanswered questions that offer fruitful directions for MTM research.
Die Veröffentlichung von ChatGPT-3 im November 2022 und ChatGPT-4 im März 2023 verspricht, bisher Menschen vorbehaltene Denkaufgaben in zahlreichen Bereichen, von der Medizin bis zur Juristerei, zu automatisieren. Die vorliegende Untersuchung stellt das Versprechen auf die Probe, indem 200 Fälle aus dem Bereich des Wirtschaftsrechts in die derzeit leistungsfähigsten Chatbots zur Lösung eingegeben werden. Es ergibt sich ein nuanciertes Bild: Zwar wird erkennbar, dass der menschliche Experte nach wie vor überlegen ist. Trotzdem können Chatbots teilweise erstaunlich gute Ergebnisse erzielen, wenn sie einfache Fälle mit geringer Komplexität lösen.