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Eine Herausforderung im Rahmen aufsichtsrechtlicher Bankenprüfungen, regelmäßiger Validierungen und interner Revisionsprüfungen ist nach Ansicht der beiden Autoren die Prognosefähigkeit eines Ratingverfahrens als objektiv und belastbar zu beurteilen. In ihrem Beitrag untersuchen sie deshalb die unterschiedlichen Vor- und Nachteile maschineller Lernverfahren für die Kreditrisikomessung gegenüber den klassischen Ratingverfahren. Diese seien ein pragmatisches Werkzeug für Validierungseinheiten und interne Revision. Nach genauer Überprüfung der Verfahren kommen sie zu dem Schluss, es sei nicht mehr eine Frage, ob, sondern vielmehr wann die maschinellen Lernverfahren zu einem selbstverständlichen Bestandteil der Kreditrisikomessung werden.
The hotspot detection has received much attention in the recent years due to a substantial mismatch between lithography wavelength and semiconductor technology feature size. This mismatch causes diffraction when transferring the layout from design onto a silicon wafer. As a result, open or short circuits (i.e. lithography hotspots) are more likely to be produced. Additionally, increasing numbers of semiconductors devices on a wafer required more time for the lithography hotspot detection analysis. In this work, we propose a fast and accurate solution based on novel artificial neural network (ANN) architecture for precise lithography hotspot detection using a convolution neural network (CNN) adopting a state of-the-art technique. The experimental results showed that the proposed model gained accuracy improvement over current state-of-theart approaches. The final code has been made publicly available.
Electromigration (EM) is becoming a progressively severe reliability challenge due to increased interconnect current densities. A shift from traditional (post-layout) EM verification to robust (pro-active) EM aware design - where the circuit layout is designed with individual EM-robust solutions - is urgently needed. This tutorial will give an overview of EM and its effects on the reliability of present and future integrated circuits (ICs). We introduce the physical EM process and present its specific characteristics that can be affected during physical design. Examples of EM countermeasures which are applied in today’s commercial design flows are presented. We show how to improve the EM-robustness of metallization patterns and we also consider mission proiles to obtain application-oriented current density limits. The increasing interaction of EM with thermal migration is investigated as well. We conclude with a discussion of application examples to shift from the current post layout EM verification towards an EM aware physical design process. Its methodologies, such as EM-aware routing, increase the EM-robustness of the layout with the overall goal of reducing the negative impact of EM on the circuit’s reliability.
The very first International Workshop on Software-intensive Business: Start-ups, Ecosystems and Platforms (SiBW 2018) was held in Espoo (Greater Helsinki), Finland on December 3rd, 2018 – just a day before SLUSH 2018, the world’s biggest startup event. Thanks to the collaboration with the organizers of SLUSH, many of the software-intensive business researchers and practitioners took part also in this event.
The international workshop gathered together 35 registered attendees, from Sweden, Germany, Latvia, Finland, Italy and the Netherlands representing both academia as well as industry. The event itself was sponsored by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland and the workshop was organized by the newly founded Software-intensive Business research community together with Software Startup Research Network (SSRN).
This research addresses the question of why employees use enterprise social networks (ESN). Against the background of technology acceptance research, we propose an extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, adapt it to an ESN context, and test our model against data from ESN users of large and medium-sized enterprises. We use partial least squares structural equation modeling to gain insights into the determinants of ESN use. This paper contributes to ESN acceptance research by evaluating a model containing determinants of ESN use. It also examines the effects of determinants on five different usage dimensions of ESN. The results reveal that facilitating conditions are the main driver of ESN use while the impact of intention to use is comparably small. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
We present a dual active bridge topology suitable for wide voltage range applications covering all combinations of 200V to 600V on the input and 20V to 60V on the output with constant power of 1kW.We employ a stepped inductance scheme to adjust the effective inductance of the converter, thus extending the efficient operation range. Using a variable switching frequency between 35 kHz and 150 kHz with operation-point-dependent limits further increases the performance of the converter. A prototype was built and the proposed changes have been compared to a fixed frequency, fixed inductance implementation. Measurements show a maximum loss reduction of 40 %, leading to a peak efficiency of 97% while maintaining constant output power over the entire working area.
Many GaN power transistors contain a PN junction between gate and the channel region close to the source. In order to maintain the on-state, current must continuously be supplied to the junction. Therefore, the commonly recommended approach uses a gate bias voltage of 12V to compensate the Miller current through a boost circuit. For the same purpose, a novel gate driving method based on an inductive feed forward has been presented. With this, stable turn-on can be achieved even for a bias voltage of only 5V. The effectiveness of this concept is demonstrated by double pulse measurements, switching currents up to 27A and a voltage of 400V. For both approaches a compact design with low source inductance is characterized. In addition to the significant reduction of the gate bias voltage and peak gate current, the new approach reduces the switching losses for load currents >23 A.
Die digitale Transformation ist der Auslöser dafür, bestehende Produktionsparadigmen in Frage zu stellen bzw. weiterzuentwickeln. Sie bietet produzierenden Unternehmen die Chance, ihre Wertschöpfung grundlegend zu optimieren und neue Geschäftspotenziale zu erschließen.
Im Rahmen von Industrie 4.0 werden die aktuellen Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien mit der Produktions- und Automatisierungstechnik kombiniert und eine neue Stufe der Organisation und Steuerung der gesamten Wertschöpfungskette über den kompletten Lebenszyklus von Produktien und Services angestrebt. Ziel ist die signifikante Flexibilisierung und Verbesserung der Wertschöpfung sowie eine Individualisierung der Produkte und Services durch eine intensive Kunden-Unternehmens-Interaktion und Vernetzung.
Die vorliegende Aufgabensammlung beinhaltet Übungs- und Prüfungsaufgaben zur Vorlesung Strömungsmaschinen (drei Semesterwochenstunden einschließlich der Übungsveranstaltungen), die als Teilvorlesung im Rahmen des Moduls Kraft- und Arbeitsmaschinen im 4. Semester des Bachelorstudiengangs Maschinenbau an der Fakultät Technik der Hochschule Reutlingen angeboten wird. Der Bachelorstudiengang Maschinenbau ist als allgemeiner Maschinenbau ohne spezielle Vertiefung konzipiert, daher erfolgt die Vermittlung von Lerninhalten aus allen wesentlichen Bereichen des Maschinenbaus. Notwendige Voraussetzungen zur Erreichung der Lernziele der Teilvorlesung Strömungsmaschinen sind fundierte Kenntnisse aus den Modulen Mathematik I, Mathematik II, Physik, technische Thermodynamik und Fluidmechanik.
A new class of information system architecture, decision-oriented service systems, is spreading more and more. Decision-oriented service systems provide services that support decisions in business processes and products based on the capabilities of cloud-computing environments. To pave the way for the creation of design methods of business processes and products based on decision-oriented service systems, this article introduces a capability-oriented approach. Starting from technological capabilities, more abstract operational and dynamic capabilities are created. The framework created is based on an integrated conceptualization of decision-oriented service systems that allows capturing synergetic effects. By creating the framework, the gap between the technological capabilities of technologies and the strategic goals of enterprises shall be narrowed.
Dass die Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung (KWK) einen unverzichtbaren Baustein der Energiewende darstellt, ist mittlerweile unstrittig, da sie mit Hilfe von Blockheizkraftwerken (BHKW) die Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie komplementär zum Angebot von PV- und Windkraftanlagen mit einem hohen Maß an Energieeffizienz leisten kann. Die ausgezeichnete Energieeffizient von BHKW nutzen deshalb bereits viele Unternehmen zur Senkung ihrer Energiekosten.
Die digitale Transformation ist der Auslöser dafür, bestehende Produktionsparadigmen in Frage zu stellen bzw. weiterzuentwickeln. Sie bietet produzierenden Unternehmen die Chance, ihre Wertschöpfung grundlegend zu optimieren und neue Geschäftspotenziale zu erschließen.
Im Rahmen von Industrie 4.0 werden die aktuellen Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien mit der Produktions- und Automatisierungstechnik kombiniert und eine neue Stufe der Organisation und Steuerung der gesamten Wertschöpfungskette über den kompletten Lebenszyklus von Produktien und Services angestrebt.
Ziel ist die signifikante Flexibilisierung und Verbesserung der Wertschöpfung sowie eine Individualisierung der Produkte und Services durch eine intensive Kunden-Unternehmens-Interaktion und Vernetzung.
Das Thema Energieflexibilität und Anpassung der eigenerzeugten Energie an die Energieerzeugung aus regenerativen Energien gewinnt an Bedeutung. Regulierbare Eigenerzeugungsanlagen können zur Stabilisierung des Netzes einen enormen Beitrag leisten. Der Aufsatz zeigt, welchen Effekt der Einsatz von BHWK auf die Galvanikbranche hat und wie nicht nur die eigenen Energiekosten reduziert, sondern auch die Möglichkeit geschaffen wird, auf Signale der Energiewirtschaft zu reagieren, ohne die Energieversorgung zu unterbrechen.
This article presents a two-level optimisation approach for the management of controllable and distributed converters with storage systems across different energy sectors. It aims at the reduction of electrical peak load and at the economical optimisation of the electrical energy exchange with the grid, based on a dynamic external incentive, e.g. through dynamic energy price tariffs. By means of a secure, standardised and lean communication with two different internal price signals, an optimal flexibility provision shall be achieved. The two-level optimisation approach consists of a centralised and several distributed decentralised entities. At the centralised level, the distributed flexibilities are invoked for optimal scheduling on the basis of an internal price algorithm for stimulating the decentralised entities. Based on that internal incentive and on the expected demands for electricity, heating and cooling, the decentralised optimisation algorithms provide optimal generation schedules for the energy converters. The suggested interaction between the central and decentral entities is successfully tested and the principle potential for peak shaving and the adaption to dynamic energy-related market prices could be demonstrated and compared to different energy management strategies such as the standard heat-led operation. Further, variations of the system parameters such as load shifting potential, installed capacity and system diversification are evaluated against cost saving potential for the energy supply and overall system performance.
The increasing share of renewable energy with volatile production results in higher variability of prices for electrical energy. Optimized operating schedules, e.g., for industrial units, can yield a considerable reduction of energy costs by shifting processes with high power consumption to times with low energy prices. We present a distributed control architecture for virtual power plants (VPPs) where VPP participants benefit from flexible adaptation of schedules to price forecasts while maintaining control of their operating schedule. An aggregator trades at the energy market on behalf of the participants and benefits from more detailed and reliable load profiles within the VPP.
Im Forschungsprojekt "Innovative Methoden für die teilnehmerorientierte Schulungsentwicklung in der beruflichen Weiterbildung" wurden die Prinzipien des Design Thinkings und der nutzerzentrierten Produktentwicklung auf die Konzeption von Veranstaltungen der beruflichen Weiterbildung transferiert. In zwei Vergleichsgruppen mit Schulungsteilnehmenden eines Industriepartners und eines öffentlich-rechtlichen Anbieters konnte aufgezeigt werden, dass es möglich ist, Weiterbildungsveranstaltungen mit Methoden des Design Thinkings zu erforschen und weiterzuentwickeln und damit die User Experience - das Nutzererleben der Teilnehmenden - positiv zu beeinflussen.
Das vorliegende Buch möchte Studierenden und Praktikern die Türe öffnen zu einer neu entstehenden, verhaltenswissenschaftlichen Sicht auf die Finanzmärkte in der ein realitätsnäherer Homo Oeconomicus Humanus an den Märkten agiert. Er setzt bei der Entscheidungsfindung begrenzt rationale Heuristiken ein und lässt sich von emotionalen Einflüssen lenken.
Die Autoren schlagen zunächst den Bogen von der neoklassischen Sicht der Finanzmärkte zur Behavioral Finance. Anschließend werden spekulative Blasen als Anzeichen für begrenzte Rationalität vorgestellt. Danach stehen die Heuristiken bei Anlageentscheidungen im Vordergrund. Abschließend werden Beispiele für die Anwendung der Behavioral-Finance-Erkenntnisse im Wealth Management und Corporate Governance diskutiert und es wird ein Blick auf Neuro-Finance und Emotional Finance geworfen.
Das Buch ist eine integrierte Einführung in die Steuersprache von IBM SPSS Statistics. Neben den notwendigen Syntax-Grundlagen behandelt es die Themengebiete Datenaufbereitung, Datentransformation und -modifikation sowie die Makro- und Matrixsprache, die in der 3. Auflage grundlegend überarbeitet wurden. Die Neuauflage wurde den Entwicklungen von SPSS angepasst, sprachlich verbessert und um weitere Anwendungsbeispiele ergänzt, die anhand realer Daten u. a. des J. D. Power and Associates Customer Satisfaction Index veranschaulicht werden. Das Buch legt besonderen Wert auf die gute Nachvollziehbarkeit der Beispiele durch begleitende Übungen. Die verwendeten Datensätze sind als kostenfreies Zusatzmaterial erhältlich. Das Buch bietet eine prägnante und umfassende Anleitung zur effizienteren Arbeit mit IBM SPSS Statistics und ist sowohl als Einstiegsliteratur für Programmieranfänger, als auch als Nachschlagewerk für fortgeschrittene Anwender geeignet.
Das Buch wurde auf Grundlage der Version 25.0 von IBM SPSS Statistics erstellt, kann aber auch für andere Versionen verwendet werden.
Reduction of power consumption of digital systems is a major concern especially in modern smart sensor systems. These systems are often only activated on request and their power consumption is therefore dominated by the idle-mode. Power reduction mechanisms such as clock or power gating reduce the activity or leakage in the purely digital circuits. We propose a novel adaptive clocking scheme that optimizes the energy demand using a fine-grained oscillator control on cycle-level. To evaluate our new approach, we analytically analyze the power consumption of the regarded system in comparison with available methods. The power of our new adaptive clocking is shown in an integrated smart sensor for capacitive measurements working in a passive wireless sensor node. Using our methods, we show that the energy demand of the example system is reduced even in the case of continuous measurements that demand for a high activity in the digital circuitry.
Mobile Marketing
(2018)
Die rasante Verbreitung mobiler Endgeräte und die damit einhergehenden Verbesserungen der Technik haben in den letzten Jahren dazu geführt, dass Unternehmen ihre Werbebudgets verstärkt in mobiles Marketing investieren. Verglichen mit klassischer Werbung zeichnet sich mobiles Marketing durch eine personalisierte und ortsspezifische Ansprache des Empfängers aus. In Anbetracht einer durch viele Konsumenten wahrgenommenen Informationsüberflutung können dadurch echte Mehrwerte erzielt werden.
Aufbauend auf der aktuellen Literatur soll diese Arbeit einen Überblick über den Stand der Forschung des mobilen Marketings geben. Dabei werden die unterschiedlichen Formen und Ausprägungen des mobilen Marketings und deren Auswirkungen auf das Verhalten des Empfängers beleuchtet. Darüber hinaus wird anhand aktueller Beispiele aus der Unternehmenswelt gezeigt, wie mobiles Marketing derzeit in der Praxis gelebt wird. Aus den theoretischen und praktischen Erkenntnissen werden schließlich Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet, die Herstellern, Händlern und Dienstleistern dabei helfen sollen, eine erfolgreiche mobile Marketingstrategie zu planen und zu implementieren.
Corporate Social Responsibility nimmt in Zeiten der Globalisierung sowie zunehmenden Umwelt- und Nachhaltigkeitsdebatten für Unternehmen als auch für Endkonsumenten eine immer wichtigere Rolle ein. Das Interesse der Gesellschaft insbesondere an ökologischem und sozialverträglichem Verhalten fordert Unternehmen zwangsläufig auf, sich mit jenen Themen innerhalb der gesamten Wertschöpfungskette zu beschäftigen und diese in das unternehmerische Denken und Handeln zu integrieren. Neben der schriftlichen Ausarbeitung und Verankerung dieser konkret definierten Verantwortungsbereiche in die Unternehmensgrundsätze müssen diese Aktivitäten letztlich an den Endkonsumenten vermarktet und kommuniziert werden, um einen Nutzen zu generieren sowie den Kauf eines Produktes zu fördern. Allerdings kann hier nur bedingt auf originäre Marketinginstrumente zurückgegriffen werden, sodass die im Rahmen der Corporate Social Responsibility definierten Verantwortungsbereiche Teil einer erweiterten Marketingstrategie sein müssen. Aus marketingstrategischer Sicht kann folglich eine Win-Win Situation für alle involvierten Akteure resultieren, die eine Steigerung der Kundenzufriedenheit, eine Absatzsteigerung des Produkts sowie eine allgemeine Wohlstandssteigerung zur Folge haben könnte.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden zunächst die Grundzüge einer Corporate Social Responsibility illustriert, welche die Vorstellung der Begriffsdynamik sowie deren Verantwortungsberreiche inkludiert. Das Augenmerk ist hierbei besonders auf das ökologische bzw. sozialverträgliche Verhalten gerichtet, welches die Vorstellung der Triple Bottom-Line unumgänglich macht. Daran anknüpfend werden drei ausgewählte Modellansätze des Marketingmanagement in Verbindung mit der Corporate Social Responsibility analysiert, die eine mögliche Vermarktung solcher Aktivitäten beleuchten sollen. Die Arbeit schließt mit einem Fazit sowie einem kurzen Ausblick zur zukünftigen Relevanz von Corporate Social Responsibility ab.
Das Essential beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, in welcher Form und in welchem Ausmaß das interne Berichtswesen beabsichtigte und unbeabsichtigte Verhaltenswirkungen bei den Beteiligten auslöst und umgekehrt selbst durch nicht intendiertes Verhalten von Beteiligten in seinen Wirkungen beeinflusst wird. Der Ansatz des „Behavioral Accounting“ wird dabei auf die spezifische Controllingaufgabe des internen Berichtswesens angewendet. Andreas Taschner erläutert, wie Berichte bei Berücksichtigung ihrer direkten und indirekten Wirkungen auf das Verhalten einzelner Betroffener zu einem wirkungsvollen Instrument der Unternehmenssteuerung werden.
Performance Management und Management Reporting wirken konzeptionell zusammen, beide Konzepte dürfen nicht losgelöst voneinander betrachtet werden. Eine effektive Unternehmenssteuerung verlangt ein integriertes Konzept, das Performance Management und Management Reporting zusammenführt und aufeinander abstimmt.
PI Chile, a subsidiary of the Principal Financial Group, adopted a new digital vision in 2017 and initiated a transformation of the company with the goal of using digital offerings to help many more customers reach their financial goals. To do this, PI Chile had to wrap its legacy applications in APIs, build a reusable digital platform for the new offerings, and learn what kinds of tools and information customers would and could use. In addition, PI Chile was experimenting with entirely new ways of working for those staff who were developing the new offerings. The company's new accountability framework sought to empower teams to make key decisions quickly. In a short time, PI Chile was well on its way to becoming designed for digital.
Context: Software product lines are widely used in automotive embedded software development. This software paradigm improves the quality of software variants by reuse. The combination of agile software development practices with software product lines promises a faster delivery of high quality software. However, the set up of an agile software product line is still challenging, especially in the automotive domain. Goal: This publication aims to evaluate to what extend agility fits to automotive product line engineering. Method: Based on previous work and two workshops, agility is mapped to software product line concerns. Results: This publication presents important principles of software product lines, and examines how agile approaches fit to those principles. Additionally, the principles are related to one of the four major concerns of software product line engineering: Business, Architecture, Process, and Organization. Conclusion: Agile software product line engineering is promising and can add value to existing development approaches. The identified commonalities and hindering factors need to be considered when defining a combined agile product line engineering approach.
Combining agile development and software product lines in automotive: challenges and recommendations
(2018)
Software product lines (SPLs) are used throughout the automotive industry. SPLs help to manage the large number of variants and to improve quality by reuse. In order to develop high quality software faster, agile software development (ASD) practices are introduced. From both the research and the management point of view it is still not clear how these two approaches can be combined. We derive recommendations to combine ASD and SPLs based on challenges identified for an automotive specific model. This study combines the outcome of a literature review and a qualitative interview study with 16 practitioners from the automotive domain. We evaluate the results and analyze the relationship between ASD and SPLs in the automotive domain. Furthermore, we derive recommendations to combine ASD and SPLs based on challenges identified in the automotive domain. This study identifies 86 individual challenges. Important challenges address supplier collaboration and faster software release cycles without loss of quality. The identified challenges and the derived recommendations show that the combination of ASD and SPL in the automotive industry is promising but not trivial. There is a need for an automotive-specific approach that combines ASD and SPL.
Unternehmen, die gesellschaftliche Verantwortung für die Auswirkungen ihrer Geschäftstätigkeit übernehmen, stehen vor der Herausforderung, CSR und Compliance systematisch und umfassend in ihr Unternehmen zu integrieren und kontinuierlich umzusetzen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt vor diesem Hintergrund auf, wie Unternehmen durch die Etablierung von Wertemanagementsystemen sowie PDCA-Zyklen (Plan-Do-Check-Act) CSR- und Compliancemanagementsysteme integrieren und umsetzen können. Des Weiteren werden Instrumente, die relevant für die Entwicklung, Implementierung und Umsetzung von effektiven und effizienten CSR- und Compliancemanagementsysteme sind, aufgelistet.
The use of additive manufacturing technologies for industrial production is constantly growing. This technology differs from the known production proecdures. The areas for scheduling, detailed and sequence planning are particularly important for additive production due to the long print times and flexible use of the production area. Therefore, production-relevant variables are considered and used for the production planning and control (PPC) of additive manufacturing machines. For this purpose, an optimization model is presented which shows a time-oriented build space utilization. In the implementation, a nesting algorithm is used to check the combinability of different models for each individual print job.
The blockchain technology enables a common data basis between the participants. Entries are logged and the authenticity of the participants is guaranteed. In the case of a relationship between customers and producers, this would lead to verifiable cooperation, which would be a major step as companies enter into service contracts based on the flow of many small transactions through communication. This paper proposes an architecture that enables the creation and processing of orders between the customer and producers via a blockchain based production network. The handling of larger files which are traceable via the blockchain is also shown and the use of a public or permissioned blockchain for an application case is also considered.
Der Einsatz von Data Science in der Produktion ermöglicht eine neue Art der Optimierung von Prozessen und Systemen. Die Bedeutung der datengetriebenen Produktionsoptimierung wächst zunehmend im produzierenden Gewerbe. Im Gegensatz zu konventionellen Ansätzen, wie z. B. die des Lean Managements, basiert dieser anhaltende Trend auf der steigenden Verfügbarkeit von Daten im Zuge der digitalen Transformation. Vor allem kleine und mittlere Unternehmen stehen vor der Herausforderung abzuwägen, welche Maßnahmen hierfür ergriffen werden sollten und welche Nutzenpotenziale sich daraus ergeben. Diese Arbeit stellt einen strukturierten Leitfaden zur Vorgehensweise bei Datenanalyseprojekten bezogen auf einen spezifischen Anwendungsfall im Kontext einer frühen Fehlerdetektion und -prävention dar.
Due to the lack of sophisticated component libraries for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), highly optimized MEMS sensors are currently designed using a polygon driven design flow. The advantage of this design flow is its accurate mechanical simulation, but it lacks a method for analyzing the dynamic parasitic electrostatic effects arising from the electric coupling between (stationary) wiring and structures in motion. In order to close this gap, we present a method that enables the parasitics arising from in-plane, sensor-structure motion to be extracted quasi-dynamically. With the method's structural-recognition feature we can analyze and optimize dynamic parasitic electrostatic effects.
Social Media ist in der heutigen Gesellschaft von enormer Bedeutung, weltweit gibt es rund 2,46 Mrd. Nutzer. Aufgrund dieser Tatsache nimmt auch die Bedeutung für Unternehmen, insbesondere im Bereich des Marketing, immer mehr zu. Instrumente im Social Media Marketing sind nicht nur Soziale Netzwerke wie Facebook, Instagram und Snapchat,sondern auch Blogs, Webforen, Podcasts, Bewertungsportale sowie Foto- und Videosharing-Portale wie Youtube. Social Media Marketing wird von Unternehmen überwiegend zur Steigerung der Bekanntheit, Kundenbindung, Verbesserung des Images und für den besseren Zugang zur Zielgruppe und anderen potentiellen Kunden eingesetzt. Diese Gründe stimmen mit wesentlichen Zielsetzungen bei der Gründung eines Unternehmens bzw. von jungen Unternehmen, sogenannten Startups, überein. Darüber hinaus ist Social Media Marketing ein besonders kostengünstiges Marketinginstrument mit hoher Reichweite und somit ideal für Startups, die meist nur über begrenzte finanzielle Ressourcen verfügen, geeignet.
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden zu Beginn einige wichtige theoretische Grundlagen zum Thema Startup und Marketing-Kommunikation betrachtet. Anschließend wird die besondere Rolle des Social Media Marketing für Startups analysiert. Vor einem abschließenden Fazit wird als Best
-Practice-Beispiel das Startup Freeletics vorgestellt, um einen direkten Bezug zur Praxis herzustellen.
The halo effect in sports
(2018)
A halo effect can lead to significantly biased and distorted judgments in numerous situations and settings in daily life. However, its impact has barely been researched in the sporting environment, although it might help a great deal in understanding how sport fans think and behave. This paper provides an international literature review on the halo effect in different research fields. Built upon this state of the art, an empirical study based on two German soccer clubs, VfB Stuttgart and FC Bayern Munich, analyzes the presence of halo effects explained by social identity theory. The study shows that supporters rate aspects of the respective team, for example the president’s competency, more favorable than common sport spectators, and this effect even increases with a higher level of team identification.
Die neuen Geldgeber der FIFA
(2018)
Das Image des Fußball-Weltverbands bei westlichen Unternehmen befindet sich schon seit längerem im Sinkflug. Doch umgekehrt ist die FIFA bei der Auswahl ihrer Geldgeber nicht wählerisch. Solange genug Cash fließt, sind auch autokratisch regierte Länder gern gesehene Partner des Fußball-Weltverbands.
Lessons from sports : what corporate managers can learn from international professional sports
(2018)
Although sports is generally defined as motor activity, it has always been much more than that. Since management and sports follow the same objective of achieving highest performance, correlations between these two fields nowadays become increasingly interesting in terms of corporate strategy. This paper aims to point out how organisations as well as individuals can benefit from the general and psychological values and strategies of international professional sports, by first looking at the general framework of professional sports and further applying approaches from various types of sports directly to certain business functions like general management, human resource management and marketing management.
An assessment model to foster the adoption of agile software product lines in the automotive domain
(2018)
A software product line is commonly used for the software development in large automotive organizations. A strategic reuse of software is needed to handle the increasing complexity of the development and to maintain the quality of numerous software variants. However, the development process needs to be continuously adapted at a fast pace to satisfy the changing market demands. Introducing agile software development methods promise the flexibility to react on customers’ change requests and market demands to deliver high quality software. Despite this need, it is still challenging to combine agile software development and product lines. The maturity of an agile adoption is often hard to determine. Assessing the current situation regarding the combination is a first step towards a successful inclusion of agile methods into automotive software product lines. Based on an interview study with 16 participants and a literature review, we build the so-called ASPLA Model allowing self-assessments within the team to determine the current state of agile software development in combination with software product lines. The model comprises seven areas of improvement and recommends a possibility to improve the current status.
Software engineering courses have to deliver theoretical and technical knowledge and skills while establishing links to practice. However, due to course goals or resource limitations, it is not always possible or even meaningful to set up complete projects and let students work on a real piece of software. For instance, if students shall understand the impact of group dynamics on productivity, a particular software to be developed is of less interest than an environment in which students can learn about team-related phenomena. To address this issue, we use experimentation as a teaching tool in software engineering courses. Experiments help to precisely characterize and study a problem in a systematic way, to observe phenomena, and to develop and evaluate solutions. Furthermore, experiments help establishing short feedback and learning cycles, and they also allow for experiencing risk and failure scenarios in a controlled environment. In this paper, we report on three courses in which we implemented different experiments and we share our experiences and lessons learned. Using these courses, we demonstrate how to use classroom experiments, and we provide a discussion on the feasibility based on formal and informal course evaluations. This experience report thus aims to help teachers integrating small- and medium sized experiments in their courses.
The need for creating digitally enhanced products, services, and experiences as well as the emergence of new or modified business models has a significant impact on the automotive domain. Innovative solutions and new topics such as Smart Mobility or Connectivity require current automotive development processes to undergo major changes. They need to be redesigned in a way that it is possible to learn and adapt continuously at a fast pace. Agile methods are promising approaches to address these new challenges. However, agile methods are not tailored to the specific characteristics of the automotive domain such as software product line (SPLs) development. Although, there have been efforts to apply agile methods in the automotive domain, widespread adoptions have not yet taken place.
Software engineering education is supposed to provide students with industry-relevant knowledge and skills. Educators must address issues beyond exercises and theories that can be directly rehearsed in small settings. A way to experience such effects and to increase the relevance of software engineering education is to apply empirical studies in teaching. In our article, we show how different types of empirical studies can be used for educational purposes in software engineering. We give examples illustrating how to utilize empirical studies, discuss challenges, and derive an initial guideline that supports teachers to include empirical studies in software engineering courses.
Software and system development faces numerous challenges of rapidly changing markets. To address such challenges, companies and projects design and adopt specific development approaches by combining well-structured methods and flexible agile practices. Yet, the number of methods and practices is large and the actual process composition is often carried out in an ad-hoc manner. This paper reports on a survey on hybrid software development approaches. We study which approaches are used in practice, how different approaches are combined, and what contextual factors influence the use and combination of hybrid software development approaches.
Back to the future: origins and directions of the “Agile Manifesto” – views of the originators
(2018)
In 2001, seventeen professionals set up the manifesto for agile software development. They wanted to define values and basic principles for better software development. On top of brought into focus, the manifesto has been widely adopted by developers, in software-developing organizations and outside the world of IT. Agile principles and their implementation in practice have paved the way for radical new and innovative ways of software and product development. In parallel, the understanding of the manifesto’s underlying principles evolved over time. This, in turn, may affect current and future applications of agile principles. This article presents results from a survey and an interview study in collaboration with the original contributors of the manifesto for agile software development. Furthermore, it comprises the results from a workshop with one of the original authors. This publication focuses on the origins of the manifesto, the contributors’ views from today’s perspective, and their outlook on future directions. We evaluated 11 responses from the survey and 14 interviews to understand the viewpoint of the contributors. They emphasize that agile methods need to be carefully selected and agile should not be seen as a silver bullet. They underline the importance of considering the variety of different practices and methods that had an influence on the manifesto. Furthermore, they mention that people should question their current understanding of "agile" and recommend reconsidering the core ideas of the manifesto.
The relative pros and cons of using students or practitioners in experiments in empirical software engineering have been discussed for a long time and continue to be an important topic. Following the recent publication of “Empirical software engineering experts on the use of students and professionals in experiments” by Falessi, Juristo, Wohlin, Turhan, Münch, Jedlitschka, and Oivo (EMSE, February 2018) we received a commentary by Sjøberg and Bergersen. Given that the topic is of great methodological interest to the community and requires nuanced treatment, we invited two editorial board members, Martin Shepperd and Per Runeson, respectively, to provide additional views.
Purpose – This study aims to conceptualize and test the effect of consumers’ perceptions of complaint handling quality (PCHQ) in both traditional and social media channels.
Design/methodology/approach – Study 1 systematically reviews the relevant literature and then carries out a consumer and manager survey. This approach aims to conceptualize the dimensionality of PCHQ. Study 2 tests the effect of PCHQ on key marketing outcomes. Using survey data from a German telecommunications company, the study provides an explanation for the differences in outcomes across traditional (hotline) and social media channels.
Findings – Study 1 reveals that PCHQ is best conceptualized as a five dimensional construct with 15 facets. There are significant differences between customers and managers in terms of the importance attached to the various dimensions. The construct shows strong psychometric properties with high reliability and validity, thereby opening up opportunities to treat these facets as measurement indicators for the construct. Study 2 indicates that the effect of PCHQ on consumer loyalty and word-of-mouth (WOM) communication is stronger in social media than in traditional channels. Procedural justice and the overall quality of service solutions emerge as general dimensions of PCHQ because they are equally important in both channels. In contrast, interactional justice, distributive justice and customer effort have varying effects across the two channels.
Research limitations/implications – This study contributes to the understanding of a firm’s channel selection for complaint handling in two ways. First, it evaluates and conceptualizes the PCHQ construct. Second, it compares the effects of different dimensions of PCHQ on key marketing outcomes across traditional and socialmedia channels.
Practical implications – This study enables managers to understand the difference in efficacy attached to different dimensions of PCHQ. It further highlights such differences across traditional and social media service channels. For example, the effect of complaint handling on social media is of particular importance when generating WOM communication.
Originality/value – This study offers a comprehensive conceptualization of the PCHQ construct and reveals the general and channel contingent effects of its different dimensions on key marketing outcomes.
Die hohen Schulden in einigen Staaten der Europäischen Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion lassen nach wie vor staatliche Insolvenzen befürchten. Um die bereits entstandenen Probleme zu bewältigen, aber auch damit eine solche Situation künftig gar nicht erst eintritt, ist eine staatliche Insolvenzordnung erforderlich.
Milk-run systems are becoming more and more popular when it comes to in-plant material supply. Planning and dimensioning such a system poses challenges, which are difficult to overcome, especially in scenarios characterized by a large number of hard constraints and by well-established processes. This paper is set to ease the task of the planner by presenting an innovative flexible method for the planning and dimensioning of in-plant milk-run systems in high constrained scenarios. After an overview on tugger train systems and existing planning methods, an extensive description of the new method will be given. The new method proposed will be critically analyzed and discussed before suggesting forthcoming research.
A simple determination of the error voltage compensation map for motor parameter identification
(2018)
This paper proposes a new method for determining the error voltage compensation map in a parameter identification procedure of three-phase induction motors with an inverter. The compensation curve depending on the motor current is determined using a simple procedure based on given reference voltage steps and the corresponding steady state values of the stator current of the induction motor.
This article investigates the fundamental value of digital platforms, such as Facebook and Google. Despite the transformative nature of digital technologies, it is challenging to value digital services, given that the usage is free of charge. Applying the methodology of discrete choice experiments, we estimated the value of digital free goods. For the first time in the literature, we obtained data for the willingness-to-pay and willingness to-accept, together with socio-economic variables. The customer’s valuation of free digital services is on average, for Google, 121 € per week and Facebook, 28 €.
