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Das Thema des Direktvertriebs (Direct-to-Customer oder kurz D-to-C) in der Automobilindustrie ist en vogue, denn nach Valtech (2023, S. 2) ist die Umstellung der Vertriebsmodelle in dieser Branche unumgänglich. Die Covid-19-Pandemie hat zudem noch als Katalysator für den D-to-C fungiert und die digitale Transformation sowie die Akzeptanz virtueller Verkaufsprozesse beschleunigt.
Im Team zum fliegenden Traum
(2024)
Human Digital Twin
(2022)
Man stelle sich vor, man könnte mit Unterstützung von künstlicher Intelligenz Spielabläufe von Bundesligaspielen oder sogar ganze WM-Partien simulieren. Oder der Trainer würde die Mannschaft im Endspiel anhand von Daten über den Gegner aufstellen und entsprechend psychologisch und physiologisch verschiedene Spielertypen auf den Platz schicken (vgl. Jahn). Ist das reine Fiktion? Nicht wirklich. Bereits heute werden die Leistungen von Sportlern immer häufiger digital analysiert und bewertet. Beispielsweise hat SAP eine Plattform entwickelt, die ein digitales Datenbild von Fußballspielern erstellt (vgl. SAP). Bei der letzten WM erhielt jeder Spieler über die neue Fifa Player App kurz nach der Begegnung präzise Statistiken zu seinen Leistungen während des Spiels (vgl. FIFA). Noch bessere Informationen sollen in Zukunft virtuelle Abbilder der Fußballspieler, digitale Zwillinge, liefern. Die dafür notwendigen Daten werden mithilfe von Sensoren im Trikot, in den Schuhen oder im Ball gewonnen. Durch erfassten Bewegungs- und Positionsdaten sowie Ballkontakten entsteht ein präzises Datenbild des Spielers. Solche Simulationen, die auf einem Modell des Menschen in der digitalen Welt beruhen, erfahren derzeit große Aufmerksamkeit in Wissenschaft und Praxis (vgl. van der Valk et al.). Nicht nur in der Fußballwelt, auch in der Medizin und im Kontext von Industrie 4.0 und Produktdesign, haben digitale menschliche Zwillinge das Potenzial, zu einer Schlüsseltechnologie zu werden.
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has reinforced China’s business engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While previous international business research focused on the internationalization and investments of Chinese companies, this viewpoint uncovers how both local African and international non-Chinese Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) may benefit from and participate in the BRI. A focus is laid on the infrastructure sector accounting for the highest investments since the inception of the BRI in 2013. In a conceptual way, the motives of SMEs to participate in infrastructure project business in the context of the BRI are explored. Investigating the challenges of two large transport infrastructure projects, the business potentials for SMEs become visible. It is argued that SMEs find business potentials particularly as investors, sub-contractors and project management experts in the BRI in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The EAT–Lancet planetary health diet (PHD) provides guidelines on a global scale and calls for red meat consumption to be halved. Operational PHD guidelines at country level have yet to be determined. Here we argue that the biological link between milk and bovine-meat production must be considered when operationalizing the globally calculated PHD to national contexts. Using a stylized computer simulation model rooted in a food system approach, we explore the impact of dietary scenarios on milk and bovine-meat production and show that ignoring this biological link can lead to substantial imbalances between national dietary guidelines and production outcomes and potentially lead to food waste. Furthermore, we assess current national dietary guidelines in Europe and find that most disregard this biological link and are incompatible with the PHD, with implications for policymakers and consumers to consider when adapting the PHD in national contexts.
Context
In a world of high dynamics and uncertainties, it is almost impossible to have a long-term prediction of which products, services, or features will satisfy the needs of the customer. To counter this situation, the conduction of Continuous Improvement or Design Thinking for product discovery are common approaches. A major constraint in conducting product discovery activities is the high effort to discover and validate features and requirements. In addition, companies struggle to integrate product discovery activities into their agile processes and iterations.
Objective
This paper aims at suggests a supportive tool, the “Discovery Effort Worthiness (DEW) Index”, for product owners and agile teams to determine a suitable amount of effort that should be spent on Design Thinking activities. To operationalize DEW, proposals for practitioners are presented that can be used to integrate product discovery into product development and delivery.
Method
A case study was conducted for the development of the DEW index. In addition, we conducted an expert workshop to develop proposals for the integration of product discovery activities into the product development and delivery process.
Results
First, we present the "Discovery Effort Worthiness Index" in form of a formula. Second, we identified requirements that must be fulfilled for systematic integration of product discovery activities into product development and delivery. Third, we derived from the requirements proposals for the integration of product discovery activities with a company's product development and delivery.
Conclusion
The developed "Discovery Effort Worthiness Index" provides a tool for companies and their product owners to determine how much effort they should spend on Design Thinking methods to discover and validate requirements. Integrating product discovery with product development and delivery should ensure that the results of product discovery are incorporated into product development. This aims to systematically analyze product risks to increase the chance of product success.
Film formation of self synthesized Polymer EPM–g–VTMDS (ethylene–propylene rubber, EPM, grafted with vinyltetramethyldisiloxane, VTMDS) was studied regarding bonding to adhesion promoter vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) on oxidized 18/10 chromium/nickel–steel (V2A) stainless steel surfaces. Polymer films of different mixed solutions including commercial siloxane and silicone, dimethyl, vinyl group terminated crosslinker (HANSA SFA 42100, CAS# 68083-19-2, 0.35 mmol Vinyl/g) and platinum, 1,3-diethenyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane complex Karstedt's catalyst (ALPA–KAT 1, CAS# 68478-92-2) were spin coated on V2A stainless steel surfaces with adsorbed VTMS thin layers in order to analyze film formation of EPM–g–VTMDS at early stages. Surface topography and chemical bonding of the high performance polymers on different oxidized V2A surfaces were investigated with X–ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). AFM and SEM as well as XPS results indicated that the formation of the polymer film proceeds via growth of polymer islands. Chemical signatures of the essential polymer contributions, linker and polymer backbones, could be identified using XPS core level peak shape analysis and also SERS. The appearance of signals which are related to Si–O–Si can be seen as a clear indication of lateral crosslinking and silica network formation in the films on the V2A surface.
High-performance liquid chromatography is one of the most important analytical tools for the identification and separation of substances. The efficiency of this method is largely determined by the stationary phase of the columns. Although monodisperse mesoporous silica microspheres (MPSM) represent a commonly used material as stationary phase their tailored preparation remains challenging. Here we report on the synthesis of four MPSMs via the hard template method. Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) which form the silica network of the final MPSMs were generated in situ from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the presence of (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) functionalized p(GMA-co-EDMA) as hard template. Methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, and 1-butanol were applied as solvents to control the size of the SNPs in the hybrid beads (HB). After calcination, MPSMs with different sizes, morphology and pore properties were obtained and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption and desorption measurements, thermogravimetric analysis, solid state NMR and DRIFT IR spectroscopy. Interestingly, the 29Si NMR spectra of the HBs show T and Q group species which suggests that there is no covalent linkage between the SNPs and the template. The MPSMs were functionalized with trimethoxy (octadecyl) silane and used as stationary phases in reversed-phase chromatography to separate a mixture of eleven different amino acids. The separation characteristics of the MPSMs strongly depend on their morphology and pore properties which are controlled by the solvent during the preparation of the MPSMs. Overall, the separation behavior of the best phases is comparable with those of commercially available columns. The phases even achieve faster separation of the amino acids without loss of quality.
The influence of trust on the adherence to investment recommendations in the context of robo-advisors is under-researched. This relationship needs to be better understood because robo-advice lacks a critical element of trust: human interaction. Theory suggests that ability, integrity, and benevolence are key factors in building trust in human advisors. Using an experimental study design, our research examines the relationship between a robo-advisor's trust attributes and the acceptance of its investment advice. The results show that trust in a robo-advisor increases the propensity to follow its recommendations. While ability and integrity are significant, benevolence is not. The study contributes to the research on technology acceptance, trust, and the adoption of technology-based recommendations by improving the understanding of the relationship between trust and the acceptance of automated investment recommendations.
This article explores current debate on the use of soft power in international higher education, highlighting existing tensions between competing political and academic discourses. It draws on examples from practice and relevant insights in soft power scholarship to capture varying paradoxes and dilemmas that emerge as nations try to leverage the power of international tertiary education to enhance their brand and attract foreign audiences in the name of public diplomacy. Whilst exposing cases of hubris and hidden agendas, this study also addresses issues of inequality and responds to a growing call for knowledge diplomacy aimed at tackling common global problems.