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Parallel applications are the computational backbone of major industry trends and grand challenges in science. Whereas these applications are typically constructed for dedicated High Performance Computing clusters and supercomputers, the cloud emerges as attractive execution environment, which provides on-demand resource provisioning and a pay-per-use model. However, cloud environments require specific application properties that may restrict parallel application design. As a result, design trade-offs are required to simultaneously maximize parallel performance and benefit from cloud-specific characteristics.
In this paper, we present a novel approach to assess the cloud readiness of parallel applications based on the design decisions made. By discovering and understanding the implications of these parallel design decisions on an application’s cloud readiness, our approach supports the migration of parallel applications to the cloud.We introduce an assessment procedure, its underlying meta model, and a corresponding instantiation to structure this multi-dimensional design space. For evaluation purposes, we present an extensive case study comprising three parallel applications and discuss their cloud readiness based on our approach.
An important shift in software delivery is the definition of a cloud service as an independently deployable unit by following the microservices architectural style. Container virtualization facilitates development and deployment by ensuring independence from the runtime environment. Thus, cloud services are built as container based systems - a set of containers that control the lifecycle of software and middleware components. However, using containers leads to a new paradigm for service development and operation: Self service environments enable software developers to deploy and operate container based systems on their own - you build it, you run it. Following this approach, more and more operational aspects are transferred towards the responsibility of software developers. In this work, we propose a concept for self-adaptive cloud services based on container virtualization in line with the microservices architectural style and present a model-based approach that assists software developers in building these services. Based on operational models specified by developers, the mechanisms required for self-adaptation are automatically generated. As a result, each container automatically adapts itself in a reactive, decentralized manner. We evaluate a prototype which leverages the emerging TOSCA standard to specify operational behavior in a portable manner.