Refine
Document Type
- Article (11)
- Book (5)
- Part of a Book (1)
- Patent / Norm / Richtlinie (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (18)
Institute
- ESB Business School (17)
- Technik (1)
Publisher
Wie kann der erhöhte Anteil durch Photovoltaik und Windkraft fluktuierend erzeugter Energie im Stromnetz ausgeglichen werden? Biogas- und Biomethananlagen sind interessante technologische Lösungen zur Stabilisierung des Stromnetzes. Die Umsetzung der Biomasse zu Methan erfolgt aber aufgrund von Wasserstoffmangel im Biogasreaktor nicht vollständig. Daher werden derzeit verschiedene Ansätze verfolgt, die verwertbare Gasausbeute zu erhöhen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird untersucht, welche Möglichkeiten zur Erhöhung der Methanausbeute von Biogasanlagen bestehen und wie sich diese ökologisch und wirtschaftlich darstellen. Zunächst werden der aktuellen Forschungs- und Entwicklungsstand zur Erhöhung der Methanausbeute in Biogasanlagen dargestellt und die verschiedenen Prozesse der Wasserstoffherstellung und Methanisierung beschrieben. In einem Vergleich werden die vorteilhaftesten Verfahren dargestellt. Diese bilden die Grundlage für die ökologischen und ökonomischen Betrachtungen zu vier ausgewählten Szenarien. Für das wirtschaftlich vorteilhafteste Szenario wird das CO2-Minderungspotential auf den gesamtdeutschen Markt skaliert. Abschließend werden der weitere Forschungs- und Entwicklungsbedarf in dem Themengebiet ermittelt, sowie politische Rahmenbedingungen und deren Auswirkungen auf die Biogastechnologie kritisch beleuchtet.
Das Thema Energieeffizienz ist speziell durch das neue Energiedienstleistungsgesetz in den Vordergrund gerückt. Dabei wird oft übersehen, dass der größte Kostenblock im verarbeitenden Gewerbe Ausgaben für Materialien darstellen. Um Kostensenkungspotenziale zu nutzen und die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu erhöhen, müssen Unternehmen daher konsequent auch alle Materialströme betrachten. Dabei stellt sich die Frage, wie ein Ressourceneffizienzprojekt strategisch und operativ angegangen werden kann. Das Steinbeis-Transferzentrum Energie und Umweltverfahrenstechnik, Eco-Management zeigt, welche Möglichkeiten im Bereich Ressourceneffizienz im produzierenden Gewerbe bestehen und dass es sich lohnt, hier genauer hinzusehen.
Energy efficiency is an important issue, especially following the introduction of new energy services legislation in Germany. One thing that is often overlooked is the biggest cost driver in the processing industry: material expenditures. To make full use of any potential cost savings and raise competitiveness, companies have to look very carefully at all material flows. This raises the important question of how to organize resource efficiency projects strategically and in terms of operational implementation. The Steinbeis Transfer Center for Energy and Environmental Process Technology, Eco-Management is demonstrating the different options open to manufacturing companies when it comes to resource efficiency – showing that it really is worth subjecting the issue to closer scrutiny.
In order to decouple economic growth from global material consumption it is necessary to implement material efficiency strategies at the level of single enterprises and their supply chains, and to implement circular economy aspects. Manufacturing firms face multiple implementation challenges like cost limitations, competition, innovation and stakeholder pressure, and supplier and customer relationships, among others. Taking as an example a case of a medium-sized manufacturing company, opportunities to realise material efficiency improvements within the company borders - on the supply chain and by using circular economy measures - are assessed. Deterministic calculations and simulations, performed for the supply chain of this company, show that measures to increase material efficiency in the supply chain are important. However, they need to be complemented by efforts to return waste and used products to the economic cycle, which requires rethinking the traditional linear economic system.
It has not yet been possible to achieve the desired aim of decoupling economic growth from global material demand. Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) represent the backbone of most industrialized economies. Although material efficiency is of vital importance for many SMEs, few of them actually treat it as their top priority. There is a cornucopia of tools and methods available, which can be used for material efficiency purposes. These, however, have gained little groud in the SME-field. This work deals with the enabling factors for material efficiency improvements in manufacturing SMEs and projections towards aspects of supply chain and circular economy. A multi-disciplinary decoupling approach for manufacturing SMEs and an implementation roadmap for further practical development are proposed. The approach combines appropriate complexity of technology and socio-economic considerations. It enables a connection to existing methods and the implementation of established information technologies.
Mature economies which are driven mainly by small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly becoming dependent on material imports. Global material consumption is ever increasing, mainly driven by population increases. Decoupling of material consumption from economic growth is one of the greatest challenges of the 21st century. Within this paper available methods for the assessment of material efficiency on different economic scales are investigated and those detected that are particulary suitable for the use in SMEs. Recommendations for further improvements of the selected tools and an outlook concerning planned research activities in the field of material efficiency in enterprises, supply chains and circular economy aspects are given.
Up to now biorefinery concepts can hardly compete with the conventional production of fossil-based chemicals. On one hand, conventional chemical production has been optimised over many decades in terms of energy, yield and costs. Biorefineries, on the other hand, do not have the benefit of long-term experience and therefore have a huge potential for optimisation. This study deals with the economic evaluation of a newly developed biorefinery concept based on superheated steam (SHS) torrefaction of biomass residues with recovery of valuable platform chemicals. Two variants of the biorefinery were economically investigated. One variant supplies various platform chemicals and torrefied biomass. The second variant supplies thermal energy for external consumers in addition to platform chemicals. The results show that both variants can be operated profitably if the focus of the platform chemicals produced is on high quality and thus on the higher-priced segment. The economic analysis gives clear indications of the most important financial influencing parameters. The economic impact of integration into existing industrial structures is positive. With the analysis, a viable business model can be developed. Based on the results of the present study, an open-innovation platform is recommended for the further development and commercialisation of the novel biorefinery.
5-hydroxymethyl-furfural (HMF) and furfural are interesting as potential platform chemicals for a bio-based chemical production economy. Within the scope of this work, the process routes under technical development for the production of these platform chemicals were investigated. For two selected processes, the material and energy flows, as well as the carbon footprint, were examined in detail. The possible production process optimizations, further development potentials, and the research demand against the background of the reduction of the primary energy expenditure were worked out.
In order to decouple economic growth from global material consumption it is necessary to implement material efficiency strategies at the level of single enterprises and their supply chains, and to implement circular economy aspects. Manufacturing firms face multiple implementation challenges like cost limitations, competition, innovation and stakeholder pressure, and supplier and customer relationships, among others
. An extended evaluation of triggers and barriers to improve material efficiency in manufacturing companies, along the supply chain and concerning circular economy considerations is provided. This paper delivers an extended literature review, a critical discussion of the current situation and resulting challenges concerning material efficiency approaches in manufacturing supply chains. Finally, a conclusion and outlook on further research direction is given.
