004 Informatik
Refine
Document Type
- Conference proceeding (457)
- Journal article (116)
- Book chapter (26)
- Doctoral Thesis (12)
- Anthology (7)
- Book (6)
- Patent / Standard / Guidelines (1)
- Issue of a journal (1)
- Working Paper (1)
Is part of the Bibliography
- yes (627)
Institute
- Informatik (531)
- ESB Business School (62)
- Technik (35)
Publisher
- Springer (95)
- Hochschule Reutlingen (88)
- IEEE (85)
- Gesellschaft für Informatik (62)
- Elsevier (45)
- ACM (33)
- Association for Information Systems (AIS) (22)
- IARIA (13)
- RWTH Aachen (8)
- SCITEPRESS (8)
With the expansion of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) across critical and regulated industries, systems must be continuously updated to remain resilient. At the same time, they should be extremely secure and safe to operate and use. The DevOps approach caters to business demands of more speed and smartness in production, but it is extremely challenging to implement DevOps due to the complexity of critical CPSs and requirements from regulatory authorities. In this study, expert opinions from 33 European companies expose the gap in the current state of practice on DevOps-oriented continuous development and maintenance. The study contributes to research and practice by identifying a set of needs. Subsequently, the authors propose a novel approach called Secure DevOps and provide several avenues for further research and development in this area. The study shows that, because security is a cross-cutting property in complex CPSs, its proficient management requires system-wide competencies and capabilities across the CPSs development and operation.
This study is about estimating the reproducibility of finding palpation points of three different anatomical landmarks in the human body (Xiphoid Process and the 2 Hip Crests) to support a navigated ultrasound application. On 6 test subjects with different body mass index the three palpation points were located five times by two examiners. The deviation from the target position was calculated and correlated to the fat thickness above each palpation point. The reproducibility of the measurements had a mean error of ≈13.5 mm +- 4 mm, which seems to be sufficient for the desired application field.
Most Question-answering (QA) systems rely on training data to reach their optimal performance. However, acquiring training data for supervised systems is both time-consuming and resource-intensive. To address this, in this paper, we propose TFCSG, an unsupervised similar question retrieval approach that leverages pre-trained language models and multi-task learning. Firstly, topic keywords in question sentences are extracted sequentially based on a latent topic-filtering algorithm to construct unsupervised training corpus data. Then, the multi-task learning method is used to build the question retrieval model. There are three tasks designed. The first is a short sentence contrastive learning task. The second is the question sentence and its corresponding topic sequence similarity judgment task. The third is using question sentences to generate their corresponding topic sequence task. The three tasks are used to train the language model in parallel. Finally, similar questions are obtained by calculating the cosine similarity between sentence vectors. The comparison experiment on public question datasets that TFCSG outperforms the comparative unsupervised baseline method. And there is no need for manual marking, which greatly saves human resources.
While there has been increased digitization of private homes, only little has been done to understand these specific home technologies, how they serve consumers, among other issues. “Smart home technology” (SHT) refer to a wide range of artifacts from cleaning aids to energy advisors. Given this breadth, clarity surrounding the key characteristics and the multi-faceted impact of SHT is needed to conduct more directed research on SHT. We propose a taxonomy to help outline the salient intended outcomes of SHT. Through a process involving five iterations, we analyzed and classified 79 technologies (gathered from literature and industry reports). This uncovered seven dimensions encompassing 20 salient characteristics. We believe these dimensions/characteristics will help researchers and organizations better design and study the impacts of these technologies. Our long-term agenda is to use the proposed taxonomy for an exploratory inquiry to understand tensions occurring when personal and sustainability-related outcomes compete.
In times of climate change and growing urbanization, the way food is produced and consumed also changes. Meanwhile, digitization is transforming farming practices, which also applies to the domestic growing of crops. More and more so-called smart home farms (SHF) are finding their way into private households. This paper conceptualizes the unique nature of enabled smart services and their underlying technology. Following an inductive interpretive approach, this study explores the antecedents of smart home farming practices. Our sample consists of eleven actual smart home farmers. We found six constructs to be of salient importance: expected outcomes related to harvesting, positive feelings, and sustainability; a combination of one's affinity for green and novel technologies; and the smartness and visibility of the enabled services. In the outlook, we present some preliminary thoughts for testing our qualitative findings.
The early involvement of experiences gained through intelligence and data analysis is becoming increasingly important in order to develop new products, leading to a completely different conception of product creation, development and engineering processes using the advantages that the dedication of the digital twin entails. Introducing a novel stage gate process in order to be holistically anchored in learning factories adopting idea generation and idea screening in an early stage, beta testing of first prototypes, technical implementation in real production scenarios, business analysis, market evaluation, pricing, service models as well as innovative social media portals. Corresponding product modelling in the sense of sustainability, circular economy, and data analytics forecasts the product on the market both before and after market launch with the interlinking of data interpretation nearby in real-time. The digital twin represents the link between the digital model and the digital shadow. Additionally, the connection of the digital twin with the product provides constantly updated operating status and process data as well as mapping of technical properties and real-world behaviours. A future-networking product, by embedded information technology with the ability to initiate and carry out one's own further development, is able to interact with people and environments and thus is relevant to the way of life of future generations. In today's development work for this new product creation approach, on one hand, "Werk150" is the object of the development itself and on the other hand the validation environment. In the next step, new learning modules and scenarios for trainings at master level will be derived from these findings.
Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Umsetzung eines Wahrnehmungsensors für Softwareagenten, die über ein virtuelles Menschmodell in einer dreidimensionalen Umgebung agieren. Hierbei sollen die Agenten über den Sensor in der Lage sein, semantische Informationen zu geometrischen Objekten in der Umgebung zu erhalten. Hierfür wurden zwei Verfahren umgesetzt, die das menschliche Sehen simulieren, indem Objekte erkannt werden, wenn diese innerhalb eines Sichtfelds liegen. Ein Problem, das dabei gelöst werden muss, ist die Identifizierung möglicher Verdeckungen der Objekte. Ein Ansatz, dieses Problem zu lösen, ist der Ray-Tracing Ansatz, welcher für das erste Verfahren umgesetzt wurde. Das zweite Verfahren verwendet den Occlusion-Culling Ansatz. Auswertungen beider Verfahren haben gezeigt, dass der Ray-Tracing Ansatz eine schnellere Laufzeit aufweist, der Occlusion-Culling Ansatz jedoch mehr unverdeckte Objekte im Sichtfeld erkennt.
Nowadays, the importance of early active patient mobilization in the recovery and rehabilitation phase has increased significantly. One way to involve patients in the treatment is a gamification-like approach, which is one of the methods of motivation in various life processes. This article shows a system prototype for patients who require physical activity because of active early mobilization after medical interventions or during illness. Bedridden patients and people with a sedentary lifestyle (predominantly lying in bed) are also potential users. The main idea for the concept was non-contact system implementation for the patients making them feel effortless during its usage. The system consists of three related parts: hardware, software, and game application. To test the relevance and coherence of the system, it was used by 35 people. The participants were asked to play a video game requiring them to make body movements while lying down. Then they were asked to take part in a small survey to evaluate the system's usability. As a result, we offer a prototype consisting of hardware and software parts that can increase and diversify physical activity during active early mobilization of patients and prevent the occurrence of possible health problems due to predominantly low activity. The proposed design can be possibly implemented in hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and even at home.
Monitoring heart rate and breathing is essential in understanding the physiological processes for sleep analysis. Polysomnography (PSG) system have traditionally been used for sleep monitoring, but alternative methods can help to make sleep monitoring more portable in someone's home. This study conducted a series of experiments to investigate the use of pressure sensors placed under the bed as an alternative to PSG for monitoring heart rate and breathing during sleep. The following sets of experiments involved the addition of small rubber domes - transparent and black - that were glued to the pressure sensor. The resulting data were compared with the PSG system to determine the accuracy of the pressure sensor readings. The study found that the pressure sensor provided reliable data for extracting heart rate and respiration rate, with mean absolute errors (MAE) of 2.32 and 3.24 for respiration and heart rate, respectively. However, the addition of small rubber hemispheres did not significantly improve the accuracy of the readings, with MAEs of 2.3 bpm and 7.56 breaths per minute for respiration rate and heart rate, respectively. The findings of this study suggest that pressure sensors placed under the bed may serve as a viable alternative to traditional PSG systems for monitoring heart rate and breathing during sleep. These sensors provide a more comfortable and non-invasive method of sleep monitoring. However, the addition of small rubber domes did not significantly enhance the accuracy of the readings, indicating that it may not be a worthwhile addition to the pressure sensor system.
Sleep analysis using a Polysomnography system is difficult and expensive. That is why we suggest a non-invasive and unobtrusive measurement. Very few people want the cables or devices attached to their bodies during sleep. The proposed approach is to implement a monitoring system, so the subject is not bothered. As a result, the idea is a non-invasive monitoring system based on detecting pressure distribution. This system should be able to measure the pressure differences that occur during a single heartbeat and during breathing through the mattress. The system consists of two blocks signal acquisition and signal processing. This whole technology should be economical to be affordable enough for every user. As a result, preprocessed data is obtained for further detailed analysis using different filters for heartbeat and respiration detection. In the initial stage of filtration, Butterworth filters are used.