333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
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The presented research is dedicated to estimation of the correlation between the level of renewable energy sources and the costs of congestion management in electric networks in selected European countries. Data of six countries in North-West European area (Italy, Spain, Germany, France, Poland and Austria) were investigated. Factors considered included grid congestion costs including re-dispatching costs as well as countertrading costs, gross electricity generation, installed capacity of electric generating facilities, installed capacity of electric non-dispatchable renewable energy sources and total electricity consumption. Special attention is paid to the share of renewable energy sources. It is found that the grid congestion costs are not clearly affected by penetration of non-dispatchable renewables in all the analysed countries and therefore a clear mathematical correlation cannot no be extrapolated with the available data. The results of this research show in general a loose dependency of the grid congestion costs on the penetration of renewables and a strong dependency on the total electrical consumption of the country.
This paper presents a novel emulation concept for the test of smart contracts and Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT) in distribute control or energy economy tasks and use cases. The concept uses state of the art behavioral modeling tools such as Matlab Simulink but presents a possible way to solve the shortfall of Simulink in communicating to DLT-Nodes directly. This is solved through a middleware solution. After this, an example used in verifying the test bed is presented and the target demonstration object is described. Finally, the possible expansion of the system is discussed and presented.
This paper aims at presenting a solution that enables end customers of the energy system to participate in new local micro-energy-markets by providing them with a distributed, decentralized, transparent and secure Peer to Peer (P2P) payment system, which functions automatically applying new concepts of Machine to Machine (M2M) communication technologies. This work was performed within the German project VK_2G, funded by the DBU. The key results were: Providing means to perform microtransactions in a P2P fashion between end consumers and prosumers in local communities at low cost in a transparent and secure manner; Developing a platform with pre-defined smart contracts able to be tailored to different end customers ‘needs in an easy way and; Integrating both the market platform as well as the local control of generation and loads. This solution has been developed, integrated and tested in a laboratory prototype. This paper discusses this solution and presents the results of the first test.