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In order to explore an image, the human eye functions like a spotlight, scanning the content from one object to the next. This visual search behavior is implemented with the help of attention control. The following work surveys the visual search behavior in "Wimmelpictures", a special type of busy pictures. The research objective is to analyze different search strategies and to work out possible differences concerning age and gender. The university experiment is carried out by an eye tracker that records the fixations and saccades of the test persons. The results indicate three forms of search strategy: based on a pattern, based on feature selection, or a mixture of both. Our data shows the search for special features of the target is the most successful. Furthermore there are no differences concerning gender but some concerning age. All age groups need more time to locate the target with an increasing number of distractors in the image. The size of the target is also relevant as a larger target is found more quickly than the smaller one.
A sequence of transactions represents a complex and multi dimensional type of data. Feature construction can be used to reduce the data´s dimensionality to find behavioural patterns within such sequences. The patterns can be expressed using the blue prints of the constructed relevant features. These blue prints can then be used for real time classification on other sequences.
The stimulation of user engagement has received significant attention in extant research. However, the theory of antecedents for user engagement with an initial electronic word-of-mouth (eWoM) communication is relatively less developed. In an investigation of 576 unique user postings across independent Facebook (FB) communities for two German firms, we contribute to the extant knowledge on user engagement in two different ways. First, we explicate senders’ prior usage experience and the extent of their acquaintance with other community members as the two key drivers of user engagement across a product and a service community. Second, we reveal that these main effects differ according to the type of community. In service communities, experience has a stronger impact on user engagement; whereas, in product communities, acquaintance is more important.
Die Wahrnehmung unermesslicher Weite kann Ehrfurcht beim Menschen auslösen. Dies kann positive Reaktionen im Menschen zur Folge haben. Während Ehrfurcht theoretisch und praktisch bereits gut erforscht ist, gibt es nur sehr wenig Forschung zum Thema der unermesslichen Weite. Dieses Wissen wäre nützlich, um gezielt Ehrfurcht beim Menschen auszulösen. Aus diesem Grunde wurde eine Studie durchgeführt, mit der festgestellt werden soll, in wie weit sich ein Gefühl unermesslicher Weite in virtueller Realität unter Verwendung eines Head-Mounted Displays erzeugen lässt und ob dadurch Ehrfurcht entsteht.
Two Stream Hypothesis: Adaptationseffekte bei sozialen Interaktionen mit Avataren in Virtual Reality
(2015)
In diesem Paper wird ein Experiment zur Two-Streams-Hypothese vorgestellt. Dabei werden zunächst die psychologischen und technischen Grundlagen erarbeitet, welche für das Experiment benötigt werden. Anschließend wird die Forschungsfrage definiert und der Versuchsaufbau erörtert. Im Experiment soll getestet werden, ob es unterschiedliche Adaptationseffekte bei der Erkennung und dem Ausführen von nicht-eindeutigen sozialen Handlungen gibt. Es wird ein Versuchsaufbau entwickelt, bei welchem Probanden entweder aktiv durch komplementäre Handlungen auf die Handlungen von virtuellen Avataren reagieren sollen oder passiv durch das Drücken von Buttons. Abschließend werden die Ergebnisse ausgewertet und ein Fazit
gezogen.
Delivering value to customers in real-time requires companies to utilize real-time deployment of software to expose features to users faster, and to shorten the feedback loop. This allows for faster reaction and helps to ensure that the development is focused on features providing real value. Continuous delivery is a development practice where the software functionality is deployed continuously to customer environment. Although this practice has been established in some domains such as B2C mobile software, the B2B domain imposes specific challenges. This article presents a case study that is conducted in a medium-sized software company operating in the B2B domain. The objective of this study is to analyze the challenges and benefits of continuous delivery in this domain. The results suggest that technical challenges are only one part of the challenges a company encounters in this transition. The company must also address challenges related to the customer and procedures. The core challenges are caused by having multiple customers with diverse environments and unique properties, whose business depends on the software product. Some customers require to perform manual acceptance testing, while some are reluctant towards new versions. By utilizing continuous delivery, it is possible for the case company to shorten the feedback cycles, increase the reliability of new versions, and reduce the amount of resources required for deploying and testing new releases.
Distraction of the driver is one of the most frequent causes for car accidents. We aim for a computational cognitive model predicting the driver’s degree of distraction during driving while performing a secondary task, such as talking with co-passengers. The secondary task might cognitively involve the driver to differing degrees depending on the topic of the conversation or the number of co-passengers. In order to detect these subtle differences in everyday driving situations, we aim to analyse in-car audio signals and combine this information with head pose and face tracking information. In the first step, we will assess driving, video and audio parameters reliably predicting cognitive distraction of the driver. These parameters will be used to train the cognitive model in estimating the degree of the driver’s distraction. In the second step, we will train and test the cognitive model during conversations of the driver with co-passengers during active driving. This paper describes the work in progress of our first experiment with preliminary results concerning driving parameters corresponding to the driver’s degree of distraction. In addition, the technical implementation of our experiment combining driving, video and audio data and first methodological results concerning the auditory analysis will be presented. The overall aim for the application of the cognitive distraction model is the development of a mobile user profile computing the individual distraction degree and being applicable also to other systems.
Gescannte Menschmodelle werden zunehmend für Experimente im VR-Bereich verwendet. Doch realistische Bewegungsabläufe bereitzustellen, ist eine zeitaufwendige Arbeit. Ziel der Ausarbeitung ist es, einen Workflow zu finden, der es ermöglicht, eine große Anzahl solcher Modelle innerhalb kürzester Zeit zu verarbeiten. Dafür betrachtet die Arbeit unterschiedliche Methoden zum Automatisieren von Skinning und Rigging, um Modelle in virtuellen Umgebungen auf Basis von Motion Tracking einsetzen zu können. Die Qualität der verarbeiteten Modelle wird anhand von Scans in unterschiedlichen Posen geprüft.
Software process improvement (SPI) is around for decades: frameworks are proposed, success factors are studied, and experiences have been reported. However, the sheer mass of concepts, approaches, and standards published over the years overwhelms practitioners as well as researchers. What is out there? Are there new emerging approaches? What are open issues? Still, we struggle to answer the question for what is the current state of SPI and related research? In this paper, we present initial results from a systematic mapping study to shed light on the field of SPI and to draw conclusions for future research directions. An analysis of 635 publications draws a big picture of SPI-related research of the past 25 years. Our study shows a high number of solution proposals, experience reports, and secondary studies, but only few theories. In particular, standard SPI models like CMMI and ISO/IEC 15504 are analyzed, enhanced, and evaluated for applicability, whereas these standards are critically discussed from the perspective of SPI in small-to- medium-sized companies, which leads to new specialized frameworks. Furthermore, we find a growing interest in success factors to aid companies in conducting SPI.