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Purpose
As a response to the increased frequency of disruptive events and intense competition, organizational agility has become a key concept in organizational research. Fostering organizational agility requires leveraging knowledge that exists both outside (exploration) and inside (exploitation) the organization. This research tests the so-called ambidexterity hypothesis, which claims that a balance between exploration and exploitation leads to increased organizational outcomes, including the development of organizational agility. Complementing previously established measurement models on ambidexterity, this research proposes an alternative measurement model to analyze how ambidexterity can enhance organizational agility and, indirectly, performance, taking into consideration the moderating effect of environmental competitiveness.
Design/methodology/approach
A review of existing measurement models for ambidexterity shows that tension, a crucial aspect of ambidexterity, is often neglected. The authors, therefore, develop a new measurement model of ambidexterity to incorporate ambidexterity-induced tension. Using this measurement model, they examine the effect of ambidexterity on the development of entrepreneurial and adaptive agility as well as performance.
Findings
Ambidexterity positively influences both entrepreneurial and adaptive agility, indicating that a balance between exploration and exploitation has superior organizational effects. This finding confirms the ambidexterity hypothesis with respect to organizational agility. Furthermore, both entrepreneurial and adaptive agility drive organizational performance. These two indirect effects via agility fully mediate the impact of ambidexterity on organizational performance. Finally, environmental competitiveness positively moderates the relationship between ambidexterity and adaptive agility.
Originality/value
The findings extend research on ambidexterity by showing its positive effects on organizational agility. Furthermore, the study proposes an alternative operationalization to capture the ambidexterity construct that may lay the groundwork for further applications of the ambidexterity concept.
Comparative analysis of the chemical and rheological curing kinetics of formaldehyde-based wood adhesives is crucial for assessing their respective performance. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rheometry are the conventional techniques used for monitoring the curing processes leading to crosslinking polymerization of the adhesives. However, the direct comparison of these techniques is inappropriate due to the intrinsic differences in their underlying procedures. To address this challenge, the two adhesive samples were sequentially cured, firstly with rheometry and followed by DSC. The observed higher curing degree in the subsequent DSC procedure underpins the incomplete curing of the samples during initial rheometry. Furthermore, the comparative assessment of the activation energies, molar ratios, and active groups of the two adhesives highlights the importance of the pre-exponential factor in addition to the activation energies, as it attributes to the probability of active groups coinciding at the appropriate spatial arrangement.
Im Team zum fliegenden Traum
(2024)
Purpose – This paper aims to determine the affecting factors of the brand authenticity of startups in social media.
Design/methodology/approach – Using a qualitative method based on a grounded theory approach, this research specifies and classifies the affecting factors of brand authenticity of startups in social media through in-depth semi-structured interviews.
Findings – Multiple factors affecting the brand authenticity of startups in social media are determined and categorized as indexical, iconic and existential cues through this research. Connection to heritage and having credible support are determined as indexical cues. Founder intellectuality, brand intellectuality, commitment toward customers and proactive clear and interesting communications are identified as iconic cues. Having self-confidence and self-satisfaction, having intimacy with the brand and a joyful feeling for interactions with the community around the brand are determined as existential cues in this research. This research furthers previous arguments on a multiplicity of brand authenticity by shedding light on the relationship between the different aspects of authenticity and the form that different affecting factors can be organized together. Consumers eventually evaluate a strengthened perception of brand authenticity through existential cues that reflect the cues of other aspects (iconic and indexical) which passed through the goal-based assessment and self-authentication filter.
Research limitations/implications – The research sampling population can be more diversified in terms of sociodemographic attributes. Due to the qualitative methodology of this research, assessment of the findings through quantitative methods can be considered in future research. Practical implications – Using the findings of this research, startup managers can properly build a perception of authenticity in their consumers’ minds by using alternate factors while lacking major indexical cues such as heritage. This research helps startup businesses to design their brand communications better to convey their authenticity to their audiences.
Originality/value – This research determines the factors affecting the authenticity of startup brands in social media. It also defines the process of authenticity perception through different aspects of brand authenticity.
Human Digital Twin
(2022)
Man stelle sich vor, man könnte mit Unterstützung von künstlicher Intelligenz Spielabläufe von Bundesligaspielen oder sogar ganze WM-Partien simulieren. Oder der Trainer würde die Mannschaft im Endspiel anhand von Daten über den Gegner aufstellen und entsprechend psychologisch und physiologisch verschiedene Spielertypen auf den Platz schicken (vgl. Jahn). Ist das reine Fiktion? Nicht wirklich. Bereits heute werden die Leistungen von Sportlern immer häufiger digital analysiert und bewertet. Beispielsweise hat SAP eine Plattform entwickelt, die ein digitales Datenbild von Fußballspielern erstellt (vgl. SAP). Bei der letzten WM erhielt jeder Spieler über die neue Fifa Player App kurz nach der Begegnung präzise Statistiken zu seinen Leistungen während des Spiels (vgl. FIFA). Noch bessere Informationen sollen in Zukunft virtuelle Abbilder der Fußballspieler, digitale Zwillinge, liefern. Die dafür notwendigen Daten werden mithilfe von Sensoren im Trikot, in den Schuhen oder im Ball gewonnen. Durch erfassten Bewegungs- und Positionsdaten sowie Ballkontakten entsteht ein präzises Datenbild des Spielers. Solche Simulationen, die auf einem Modell des Menschen in der digitalen Welt beruhen, erfahren derzeit große Aufmerksamkeit in Wissenschaft und Praxis (vgl. van der Valk et al.). Nicht nur in der Fußballwelt, auch in der Medizin und im Kontext von Industrie 4.0 und Produktdesign, haben digitale menschliche Zwillinge das Potenzial, zu einer Schlüsseltechnologie zu werden.
Introduction to the special issue on self‑managing and hardware‑optimized database systems 2022
(2023)
Data management systems have evolved in terms of functionality, performance characteristics, complexity, and variety during the last 40 years. Particularly, the relational database management systems and the big data systems (e.g., Key-Value stores, Document stores, Graph stores and Graph Computation Systems, Spark, MapReduce/Hadoop, or Data Stream Processing Systems) have evolved with novel additions and extensions. However, the systems administration and tasks have become highly complex and expensive, especially given the simultaneous and rapid hardware evolution in processors, memory, storage, or networking. These developments present new open problems and challenges to data management systems as well as new opportunities.
The SMDB (International Workshop on Self-Managing Database Systems) and HardBD&Active (Joint International Workshop on Big Data Management on Emerging Hardware and Data Management on Virtualized Active Systems) workshops organized in conjunction with the IEEE ICDE (International Conference on Data Engineering) offered two distinct platforms for examining the above system-related challenges from different perspectives. The SMDB workshop looks into developing autonomic or self-* features in database and data management systems to tackle complex administrative tasks, while the HardBD&Active workshop focuses on harnessing hardware technologies to enhance efficiency and performance of data processing and management tasks. As a result of these workshops, we are delighted to present the third special issue of DAPD titled “Self-Managing and Hardware-Optimized Database Systems 2022,” which showcases the best contributions from the SMDB 2021/2022 and HardBD&Active 2021/2022 workshops.
In recent years, both fields, AI and VRE, have received increasing attention in scientific research. Thus, this article’s purpose is to investigate the potential of DL-based applications on VRE and as such provide an introduction to and structured overview of the field. First, we conduct a systematic literature review of the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially Deep Learning (DL), on the integration of Variable Renewable Energy (VRE). Subsequently, we provide a comprehensive overview of specific DL-based solution approaches and evaluate their applicability, including a survey of the most applied and best suited DL architectures. We identify ten DL-based approaches to support the integration of VRE in modern power systems. We find (I) solar PV and wind power generation forecasting, (II) system scheduling and grid management, and (III) intelligent condition monitoring as three high potential application areas.
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has reinforced China’s business engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While previous international business research focused on the internationalization and investments of Chinese companies, this viewpoint uncovers how both local African and international non-Chinese Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) may benefit from and participate in the BRI. A focus is laid on the infrastructure sector accounting for the highest investments since the inception of the BRI in 2013. In a conceptual way, the motives of SMEs to participate in infrastructure project business in the context of the BRI are explored. Investigating the challenges of two large transport infrastructure projects, the business potentials for SMEs become visible. It is argued that SMEs find business potentials particularly as investors, sub-contractors and project management experts in the BRI in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The introduction of smart contracts has expanded the applicability of blockchains to many domains beyond finance and cryptocurrencies. Moreover, different blockchain technologies have evolved that target special requirements. As a result, in practice, often a combination of different blockchain systems is required to achieve an overall goal. However, due to the heterogeneity of blockchain protocols, the execution of distributed business transactions that span several blockchains leads to multiple interoperability and integration challenges. Therefore, in this article, we examine the domain of Cross-Chain Smart Contract Invocations (CCSCIs), which are distributed transactions that involve the invocation of smart contracts hosted on two or more blockchain systems. We conduct a systematic multi-vocal literature review to get an overview of the available CCSCI approaches. We select 20 formal literature studies and 13 high-quality gray literature studies, extract data from them, and analyze it to derive the CCSCI Classification Framework. With the help of the framework, we group the approaches into two categories and eight subcategories. The approaches differ in multiple characteristics, e.g., the mechanisms they follow, and the capabilities and transaction processing semantics they offer. Our analysis indicates that all approaches suffer from obstacles that complicate real-world adoption, such as the low support for handling heterogeneity and the need for trusted third parties.
Blockchains have become increasingly important in recent years and have expanded their applicability to many domains beyond finance and cryptocurrencies. This adoption has particularly increased with the introduction of smart contracts, which are immutable, user-defined programs directly deployed on blockchain networks. However, many scenarios require business transactions to simultaneously access smart contracts on multiple, possibly heterogeneous blockchain networks while ensuring the atomicity and isolation of these transactions, which is not natively supported by current blockchain systems. Therefore, in this work, we introduce the Transactional Cross-Chain Smart Contract Invocation (TCCSCI) approach that supports such distributed business transactions while ensuring their global atomicity and serializability. The approach introduces the concept of Resource Manager Smart Contracts, and 2PC for Blockchains (2PC4BC), a client-driven Atomic Commit Protocol (ACP) specialized for blockchain-based distributed transactions. We validate our approach using a prototypical implementation, evaluate its introduced overhead, and prove its correctness.