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§ 303 Schuldenkonsolidierung
(2022)
Der Beitrag befasst sich mit den wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen auf Unternehmen der deutschen Automobilbranche in Folge der behördlichen Restriktionen im Rahmen der Corona-Pandemie. Untersuchungszeitraum ist das Jahr 2020 auf Quartalsebene. Unsere Auswertung zeigt, dass die Zulieferer von der Pandemie wesentlich stärker getroffen wurden als die Hersteller der Branche. Ebenso konnte eine zeitliche Wellenbewegung der Negativentwicklung entlang der Wertschöpfungskette festgestellt werden. Der Beitrag zeigt Instrumente der Supply-Chain-Finanzierung auf, die sowohl kurzfristige Erleichterungen in Krisenzeiten als auch langfristige Möglichkeiten der Working Capital Optimierung darstellen.
Ein Design Thinking-Projekt mit 17 20–50-jährigen kirchenfernen Proband*innen untersuchte die Fragestellung aus einer klaren Bedürfnisorientierung dieser für die Zukunft der Kirche wichtigen Altersgruppe. Mit ihnen wurden konkrete Lösungsvorschläge erarbeitet. Konsens der Proband*innen war, dass Kirche viel Potential hat, das sie aktuell nicht ausschöpft. Um die Kirchenbindung zu stabilisieren bzw. perspektivisch zu erhöhen, müsste Kirche im Lebensraum ihrer Mitglieder sichtbarer werden, und das vor allem digital. Zudem müsste sie ihre Angebote für das Leben der Mitglieder als relevant darstellen und aktiv mit einem offenen Ohr auf die Gemeindeglieder zugehen, statt auf ihr Kommen zu warten
Enterprises and societies currently face crucial challenges, while Society 5.0 can contribute to a supersmart society, especially for manufacturing and healthcare, and Industry 4.0 becomes important in the global manufacturing industry. Smart energy digital platforms are architected to manage energy supply efficiently. Furthermore, the above digital platforms are expected to collect various kinds of data and analyze Big Data for the trends in the sharing economy in ecosystems. The adaptive integrated digital architecture framework (AIDAF) for Design Thinking Approach with Risk Management is expected to make an alignment with digital IT strategy. In this paper, we propose that various energy management systems and related digital platforms are designed and implemented in an alignment to digital IT strategy for sharing economy toward Society 5.0, with the AIDAF framework for Design Thinking Approach with Risk Management. The vision of AIDAF applications to enable sharing economy and digital platforms is explained and extended in the context of Society 5.0. In addition, challenges and future activities for this area are discussed that cover the directions of smart energy for Society 5.0.
In order to evaluate the performance of different stapes prosthesis types, a coupled finite element (FE) model of human ear was developed. First, the middle-ear FE model was developed and validated using the middle-ear transfer function measurements available in literature including pathological cases. Then, the inner-ear FE model was developed and validated using tonotopy, impedance, and level of cochlea amplification curves from literature. Both models are based on pre-existing research with some improvements and were combined into one coupled FE model. The stapes in the coupled FE ear model was replaced with a model of a stapes prosthesis to create a reconstructed ear model that can be used to estimate how different types of protheses perform relative to each other as well as to the natural ear. This will help in designing of new innovative types of stapes prostheses or any other type of middle-ear prostheses as well as to improve the ones that are already available on the market.
Nachhaltigkeit, Digitalisierung und New Work – es gibt viele Anlässe für Organisationen, Neues zu erlernen. In der Forschung wird seit den 80er-Jahren dabei anerkannt, dass organisationales Lernen neben dem Aufbau neuen Wissens auch Verlernen bedeutet. Dabei geht es weniger darum, dass Kenntnisse schlicht überflüssig werden. Stellt eine Organisation beispielsweise auf Glasfasertechnologie um, so wird das Wissen, wie man Kupferkabel anschließt, nicht mehr benötigt und irgendwann verschwinden. Beim organisationalen Verlernen geht es eher um Glaubenssätze, Annahmen und Routinen, die das Erlernen neuen Wissens behindern. So kann die (veraltete) Annahme, Kupferkabel seien weiterhin eine brauchbare Technologie, Unternehmen daran hindern, die Glasfasertechnologie voranzutreiben und einzuführen.
Theoretical foundation, effectiveness, and design artefact for machine learning service repositories
(2022)
Machine learning (ML) has played an important role in research in recent years. For companies that want to use ML, finding the algorithms and models that fit for their business is tedious. A review of the available literature on this problem indicates only a few research papers. Given this gap, the aim of this paper is to design an effective and easy-to-use ML service repository. The corresponding research is based on a multi-vocal literature analysis combined with design science research, addressing three research questions: (1) How is current white and gray literature on ML services structured with respect to repositories? (2) Which features are relevant for an effective ML service repository? (3) How is a prototype for an effective ML service repository conceptualized? Findings are relevant for the explanation of user acceptance of ML repositories. This is essential for corporate practice in order to create and use ML repositories effectively.
The digital twin concept has been widely known for asset monitoring in the industry for a long time. A clear example is the automotive industry. Recently, there has also been significant interest in the application of digital twins in healthcare, especially in genomics in what is known as precision medicine. This work focuses on another medical speciality where digital twins can be applied, sleep medicine. However, there is still great controversy about the fundamentals that constitute digital twins, such as what this concept is based on and how it can be included in healthcare effectively and sustainably. This article reviews digital twins and their role so far in what is known as personalized medicine. In addition, a series of steps will be exposed for a possible implementation of a digital twin for a patient suffering from sleep disorders. For this, artificial intelligence techniques, clinical data management, and possible solutions for explaining the results derived from artificial intelligence models will be addressed.