330 Wirtschaft
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This book presents an empirical investigation of the efforts that multinational pharmaceutical companies take in order to find a business model that allows for a profitable access to the Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) markets. The Bottom of the Pyramid in Africa is frequently mentioned as an attractive market due to its sheer size. Yet most companies struggle to access it because of the low price level, difficult physical market access and challenges when it comes to payment.
More specifically, the book investigates the following business model-related questions: Do pharmaceutical companies provide products that meet the needs of the BoP? What characterizes the value generation of the company? What revenue model leads to a profitable business, and what role does a network of partners play in the business model?
Findings reveal that there is no ‘one-size-fits-all’ answer to these questions. Providing continuous availability, affordability at a good quality of goods and services, creating health awareness, as well as localizing business to achieve a level of inclusivenessare essential prerequisites for success. In the last chapter this book provides a business model prototype that accounts for these key success factors for business at the Bottom of the Pyramid and points to further research topics.
Customer orientation should be the core engine of every organisation while IT can be considered as the enabler to generate competitive advantages along customer processes in marketing, sales and service. Research shows that customer relationship management (CRM) enables organisations to perform better and experience indicates that organisations that focus on customer orientation are more successful. With marketplace organisations such as Amazon, Alibaba or Conrad shaping the future of customer centricity and information technology, German B2B organisations need to shift their value contribution from product-centric to customer-centric. While these organisations are currently attempting to implement CRM software and putting their customers more into focus, the question remains how organisations are approaching the implementation of CRM and whether these attempts are paying off in terms of business performance.
Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten der Bilanzierung einens Initial Coin Offerings (ICO) beim Emittenten auf der Passivseite nach den Regelungen der IFRS. Ziel ist es, die bilanzielle Einordnung anhand verschiedenenr Arten von Token zu erörtern und den Emittenten bei der Ausgestaltung der Token sowie der anschließenden Bilanzierung zu unterstützen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Standards für die bilanzielle Einordnung von ICO-Token zwar ausreichen, allerdings eine große Bandbreite der Bilanzierung zu berücksichtigen ist und eine detaillierte Regelung durch einen eigenen IFRS daher schwierig erscheint.
Das Value-Engineering in der Kundenkommunikation ist eine strukturierte Methode, Kommunikationsprozesse zwischen Unternehmen zu verbessern. Das Konzept greift bewährte Elemente der technischen Wertanalyse und der Gemeinkosten-Wertanalyse auf und überträgt sie auf die Kundenkommunikation. Der Ansatz bietet eine systematische Vorgehensweise, Kommunikationsprozesse zwischen Anbieter und Kunde zu durchleuchten und neu zu gestalten. Value-Engineering in der Kundenkommunikation schafft somit Wettbewerbsvorteile durch eine Optimierung der Kommunikation.
The article studies a novel approach of inflation modeling in economics. We utilize a stochastic differential equation (SDE) of the form dXt=aXtdt+bXtdBtH, where dBtH is a fractional Brownian motion in order to model inflationary dynamics. Standard economic models do not capture the stochastic nature of inflation in the Eurozone. Thus, we develop a new stochastic approach and take into consideration fractional Brownian motions as well as Lévy processes. The benefits of those stochastic processes are the modeling of interdependence and jumps, which is equally confirmed by empirical inflation data. The article defines and introduces the rules for stochastic and fractional processes and elucidates the stochastic simulation output.
Resilienz und Stabilität? Weichenstellungen im Banken- und Finanzsystem in der Corona-Pandemie
(2020)
Seit der globalen Finanzkrise 2008/2009 hat es keine vergleichbare Herausforderung wie die Corona-Krise für das Finanz- und Bankensystem mehr gegeben.
Schwache Profitabilität, ungelöste Regulierungs-herausforderungen und steigende Konkurrenz im Digitalbereich stellen die Banken vor weitere Heraus-forderungen.
Die Stabilität des Finanzsystems und der Zugang zu den Finanzmärkten war während der Pandemie nicht gefährdet. Durch gemeinsame Bemühungen und bes-sere Bankenkapitalisierung ist das Finanzsystem heute widerstandsfähiger als zu Zeiten der Finanzkrise.
Sofern die Zuschüsse und Kredite im „Next Genera-tion EU“-Fund zielgerichtet für Strukturreformen und Zukunftsinvestitionen eingesetzt werden, dürfte dies einen Vertrauens- und Wachstumsimpuls darstellen.
Weitere Verbesserungen der Finanzstabilität, wie erhöhte Eigenkapitalunterlegungen, Regulierung von Schattenbanken oder Reformen im Bereich der Finanzaufsicht, sind jedoch von Nöten.
Since the global financial crisis of 2008/2009, there has been no challenge to the financial and banking system comparable to that during the Corona crisis.
Weak profitability, unresolved regulatory challenges and increasing competition in the digital sector pose further challenges for banks.
The stability of the financial system and access to financial markets was not at risk during the pandemic. Through joint efforts and better bank capitalisation, the financial system is now more resilient than during the financial crisis.
Provided that grants and loans in the “next generation EU” fund are well targeted for structural reforms and investments in the future, this should boost confi-dence and growth.
However, further improvements in financial stability, such as increased capital requirements, regulation of shadow banks or reforms in financial supervision, are needed.
Im Gegensatz etwa zur klassischen Werbung handelt es sich beim Event-Marketing um ein dynamisches Kommunikationsinstrument, das laufend Trends und Neuerungen mit sich bringt. Die vielfältigen Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Potenziale des Event-Marketing ermöglichen es, entsprechend dem momentanen Zeitgeist relevante Zielgruppen zu erreichen, markenrelevante Wirklichkeiten und Erlebniswelten zu generieren, Emotionen und Sympathiewerte zu erzeugen und auf diese Weise eine Bindung zwischen Marke bzw. Unternehmen und Rezipienten herzustellen.
The livestock sector is growing steadily and is responsible for around 18% of global greenhouse‐gas‐emissions, which is more than the global transport sec-tor (Steinfeld et al. 2006). This paper examines the potential of social marketing to reduce meat consumption. The aim is to understand consumers’ motivation in diet choices and to learn what opportunities social marketing can provide to counteract negative environmental and health trends. The authors believe that research to answer this question should start in metropolitan areas, be-cause measures should be especially effective there. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB, Ajzen 1991) and the Technology‐Acceptance‐Model by Huijts et al. (2012), an online‐study with participants from the metropolitan region (n = 708) was conducted in which central socio‐psychological constructs for a meat consumption reduction were examined. It was shown that attitude, personal norm and habit have a critical influence on the intention to reduce meat consumption. A segmentation of consumers based on these factors led to three consumer clusters: vegetarians/flexitarians, potential flexitarians and convinced meat eaters. Potential flexitarians are an especially relevant target group for the development of social‐marketing‐measures to reduce meat consumption. In co‐creation‐workshops with potential flexitarians from the metropolitan region, barriers and benefits of reducing meat consumption were identified. The factors of environmental protection, animal welfare and desire for variety turn out to be the most relevant motivational factors. Based on these factors, consumers proposed a variety of social marketing measures, such as applications and labels to inform about the environmental impact of meat products.
Businesses need to cope with myriad challenges including increasingly competitive markets and rapid developments in digital technology. The overall aim of the research described in this paper is to generate fresh insights into the impacts of digitalisation on the design and management of global supply chains. It focuses on understanding the current adoption rate of new technologies in global supply chains, identifying perceived opportunities and challenges and clarifying the critical factors driving (and inhibiting) their deployment. The authors administered an online survey with a global sample of respondents from various supply chain functions, resulting in a sample of 142 responses. Significant differences emerged in adoption patterns between companies of different sizes. Moreover, the study pointed to a widening gap (or a ‘digital divide’) between leaders and laggards in terms of technology adoption. Perceived benefits and challenges also differ notably between companies of varying sizes. Adoption patterns are very diverse across specific technologies. The results further suggest that there is a significant correlation between adoption of digital technologies and different dimensions of company performance.