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Context: The current transformation of automotive development towards innovation, permanent learning and adapting to changes are directing various foci on the integration of agile methods. Although, there have been efforts to apply agile methods in the automotive domain for many years, a wide-spread adoption has not yet taken place.
Goal: This study aims to gain a better understanding of the forces that prevent the adoption of agile methods.
Method: Survey based on 16 semi-structured interviews from the automotive domain. The results are analyzed by means of thematic coding.
Results: Forces that prevent agile adoption are mainly of organizational, technical and social nature and address inertia, anxiety and context factors. Key challenges in agile adoption are related to transforming organizational structures and culture, achieving faster software release cycles without loss of quality, the importance of software reuse in combination with agile practices, appropriate quality assurance measures, and the collaboration with suppliers and other disciplines such as mechanics.
Conclusion: Significant challenges are imposed by specific characteristics of the automotive domain such as high quality requirements and many interfaces to surrounding rigid and inflexible processes. Several means are identified that promise to overcome these challenges.
Bei der Bayer AG wird als Lösung für das Enterprise Social Network IBM Connections eingesetzt. Bayer verfolgt das Ziel, die Mitarbeiter/innen weltweit zu vernetzen, die Kommunikation über Bereichsgrenzen hinweg zu unterstützen und um einen Wissens- und Expertenpool bereitzustellen. Im Rahmen eines Relaunches wurde 2012 Connections@Bayer, das vorher nur in Teilkonzernen verfügbar war, auf das gesamte Unternehmen ausgerollt. In einem weiteren Relaunch 2014 führte das Unternehmen ein Update auf die Version 4.5 und eine umfangreiche Kommunikationskampagne durch, die unter den Mitarbeiter/innen Aufmerksamkeit für die Kommunikationsplattform schuf und Neugier weckte. Darin wurde eine Analyse der Schlüsselvorteile der Nutzung von Connections durchgeführt, acht Kernnachrichten erarbeitet und diese auf diversen Kommunikationskanälen im Unternehmen verbreitet. Zudem ließen sich durch die Verwendung von Testimonials die Vorteile für alle Mitarbeitergruppen darstellen. Dieser Relaunch war erfolgreich: Die Nutzerzahlen konnten erweitert werden, die Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit stieg an. Die vorliegende Fallstudie stellt anschaulich dar, dass ein von einer effektiven Kommunikationskampagne begleiteter Relaunch eines Enterprise Social Networks einen nachhaltigen Erfolg herbeiführen kann.
Based on well-established robotic concepts of autonomous localization and navigation we present a system prototype to assist camera-based indoor navigation for human utilization implemented in the Robot Operating System (ROS). Our prototype takes advantage of state-of-the-art computer vision and robotic methods. Our system is designed for assistive indoor guidance. We employ a vibro tactile belt to serve as a guiding device to render derived motion suggestions to the user via vibration patterns. We evaluated the effectiveness of a variety of vibro-tactile feedback patterns for guidance of blindfolded users. Our prototype demonstrates that a vision-based system can support human navigation, and may also assist the visually impaired in a human-centered way.
Stress is becoming an important topic in modern life. The influence of stress results in a higher rate of health disorders such as burnout, heart problems, obesity, asthma, diabetes, depressions and many others. Furthermore individual’s behavior and capabilities could be directly affected leading to altered cognition, inappropriate decision making and problem solving skills. In a dynamic and unpredictable environment, such as automotive, this can result in a higher risk for accidents. Different papers faced the estimation as well as prediction of drivers’ stress level during driving. Another important question is not only the stress level of the driver himself, but also the influence on and of a group of other drivers in the near area. This paper proposes a system, which determines a group of drivers in a near area as clusters and it derives the individual stress level. This information will be analyzed to generate a stress map, which represents a graphical view about road section with a higher stress influence. Aggregated data can be used to generate navigation routes with a lower stress influence to decrease stress influenced driving as well as improve road safety.
Sleep is an important aspect in life of every human being. The average sleep duration for an adult is approximately 7 h per day. Sleep is necessary to regenerate physical and psychological state of a human. A bad sleep quality has a major impact on the health status and can lead to different diseases. In this paper an approach will be presented, which uses a long-term monitoring of vital data gathered by a body sensor during the day and the night supported by mobile application connected to an analyzing system, to estimate sleep quality of its user as well as give recommendations to improve it in real-time. Actimetry and historical data will be used to improve the individual recommendations, based on common techniques used in the area of machine learning and big data analysis.
This book presents emerging trends in the evolution of service-oriented and enterprise architectures. New architectures and methods of both business and IT are integrating services to support mobility systems, internet of things, ubiquitous computing, collaborative and adaptive business processes, big data, and cloud ecosystems. They inspire current and future digital strategies and create new opportunities for the digital transformation of next digital products and services. Services Oriented Architectures (SOA) and Enterprise Architectures (EA) have emerged as a useful framework for developing interoperable, large-scale systems, typically implementing various standards, like web services, REST, and microservices. Managing the adaptation and evolution of such systems presents a great challenge. Service-Oriented Architecture enables flexibility through loose coupling, both between the services themselves and between the IT organizations that manage them. Enterprises evolve continuously by transforming and extending their services, processes and information systems. Enterprise Architectures provide a holistic blueprint to help define the structure and operation of an organization with the goal of determining how an organization can most effectively achieve its objectives. The book proposes several approaches to address the challenges of the service-oriented evolution of digital enterprise and software architectures.
Dieser Herausgeberband beleuchtet die Erfolgsfaktoren für die Implementierung und den Betrieb von ESN. Der erste Teil des Bandes umfasst akademische Beiträge zur aktuellen Forschung und beinhaltet fundierte wissenschaftliche Konzepte für den Einsatz von ESN. In den Beiträgen des zweiten Teils stehen Konzepte aus der Praxis im Fokus, bevor im dritten Teil Anwendererfahrungen in Form von Fallstudien betrachtet werden. In der digitalen Transformation setzen Unternehmen verstärkt Social Software ein, um positive Wirkungseffekte in den Bereichen Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit, Wissenstransfer, Innovationsdynamik, Produktivität oder Führungsakzeptanz zu erzielen. Diese Enterprise Social Networks (ESN) verändern die interne Kommunikation und erlauben einen ungebremsten Informationsfluss und überwinden organisationale Silos. Jedoch werden die in ESN gesetzten Erwartungen in der Praxis oft nicht erfüllt. Geringe Nutzungsgrade, mangelnde Einbindung in Geschäftsprozesse und unklare Wirkungszusammenhänge induzieren die Frage, ob sich eine Investition in ESN lohnt. Spitzenforschung, Thought Leader in der Unternehmenspraxis und führende Experten beschreiben wesentliche Strategien, Konzepte und Impulse für das Management der Enterprise Social Networks.
Wie sieht eine erfolgreiche Einführung von Industrie 4.0 aus? Dieses Buch stellt das Konzept, die Paradigmen und relevanten Technologien von Industrie 4.0 sowie deren Gesamtzusammenhänge systematisch vor. Entgegen der gängigen, rein technologischen und anwendungsbezogenen Betrachtungsweise, führt das Buch zusätzlich strategische, taktische und operative Betrachtungsebenen zu einem integrativen Strang zusammen. Zentrales Herzstück dabei ist ein Vorgehensmodell, das den Handlungsbedarf auf strategischer und operativer Ebene beschreibt. Ein Praxisfall, unterschiedliche Industrie 4.0-Use Cases und namhafte Experten aus Forschung und Praxis machen diese Lektüre interessant für Neueinsteiger, aber auch für Umsetzungsinteressierte des mittleren und oberen Managements, die eine neue Sichtweise auf die Komplexität des Themas gewinnen möchten. Das Glossar macht das Buch zum wertvollen Nachschlagewerk für das Thema Industrie 4.0.
Managing software process evolution : traditional, agile and beyond - how to handle process change
(2016)
This book focuses on the design, development, management, governance and application of evolving software processes that are aligned with changing business objectives, such as expansion to new domains or shifting to global production. In the context of an evolving business world, it examines the complete software process lifecycle, from the initial definition of a product to its systematic improvement. In doing so, it addresses difficult problems, such as how to implement processes in highly regulated domains or where to find a suitable notation system for documenting processes, and provides essential insights and tips to help readers manage process evolutions. And last but not least, it provides a wealth of examples and cases on how to deal with software evolution in practice.
Reflecting these topics, the book is divided into three parts. Part 1 focuses on software business transformation and addresses the questions of which process(es) to use and adapt, and how to organize process improvement programs. Subsequently, Part 2 mainly addresses process modeling. Lastly, Part 3 collects concrete approaches, experiences, and recommendations that can help to improve software processes, with a particular focus on specific lifecycle phases.
This book is aimed at anyone interested in understanding and optimizing software development tasks at their organization. While the experiences and ideas presented will be useful for both those readers who are unfamiliar with software process improvement and want to get an overview of the different aspects of the topic, and for those who are experts with many years of experience, it particularly targets the needs of researchers and Ph.D. students in the area of software and systems engineering or information systems who study advanced topics concerning the organization and management of (software development) projects and process improvements projects.