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Radiofrequency ablation is an ablation technique to treat tumors with focused heat. Computer tomography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are imaging modalities which can be used for image-guided procedures. MRI offers several advantages in comparison to the other imaging modalities, such as radiation-free fluoroscopic imaging, temperature mapping, a high-soft-tissue contrast and free selection of imaging planes. This work addresses the application of 3Dcontrollers for controlling interventional, fluoroscopic MR sequences at the scenario of MR guided radiofrequency ablation of hepatic malignancies. During this procedure, the interventionalist can monitor the targeting of the tumor with near-real time fluoroscopic sequences. In general, adjustments of the imaging planes are necessary during tumor targeting, which is performed by an assistant in the control room. Therefore, communication between the interventionalist in the scanner room and the assistant in the control room is essential. However, verbal communication is impaired due to the loud scanning noises. Alternatively, non-verbal communication between the two persons is possible, however limited to a few gestures and susceptible to misunderstandings. This work is analyzing different 3D-controllers to enable control of interventional MR sequences during MR-guided procedures directly by the interventionalist. Leap Motion, Wii Remote, SpaceNavigator, Phantom Omni and Foot Switch were selected. For that a simulation was built in C++ with VTK to feign the real scenario for test purposes. Previous results showed that Leap Motion is not suitable for the application while Wii Remote and Foot Switch are possible input devices. Final evaluation showed a generally time reduction with the use of 3D-controllers. Best results were reached with Wii Remote in 34 seconds. Handholding input devices like Wii Remote have further potential to integrate them in real environment to reduce intervention time.
Digitization of societies changes the way we live, work, learn, communicate, and collaborate. In the age of digital transformation IT environments with a large number of rather small structures like Internet of Things (IoT), microservices, or mobility systems are emerging to support flexible and agile digitized products and services. Adaptable ecosystems with service oriented enterprise architectures are the foundation for self-optimizing, resilient run-time environments and distributed information systems. The resulting business disruptions affect almost all new information processes and systems in the context of digitization. Our aim are more flexible and agile transformations of both business and information technology domains with more flexible enterprise information systems through adaptation and evolution of digital enterprise architectures. The present research paper investigates mechanisms for decision-controlled digitization architectures for Internet of Things and microservices by evolving enterprise architecture reference models and state of the art elements for architectural engineering for micro-granular systems.
The digital transformation of our life changes the way we work, learn, communicate, and collaborate. Enterprises are presently transforming their strategy, culture, processes, and their information systems to become digital. The digital transformation deeply disrupts existing enterprises and economies. Digitization fosters the development of IT systems with many rather small and distributed structures, like Internet of Things, Microservices and mobile services. Since years a lot of new business opportunities appear using the potential of services computing, Internet of Things, mobile systems, big data with analytics, cloud computing, collaboration networks, and decision support. Biological metaphors of living and adaptable ecosystems provide the logical foundation for self optimizing and resilient run-time environments for intelligent business services and adaptable distributed information systems with service oriented enterprise architectures. This has a strong impact for architecting digital services and products following both a value-oriented and a service perspective. The change from a closed world modeling world to a more flexible open-world composition and evolution of enterprise architectures defines the moving context for adaptable and high distributed systems, which are essential to enable the digital transformation. The present research paper investigates the evolution of Enterprise Architecture considering new defined value-oriented mappings between digital strategies, digital business models and an improved digital enterprise architecture.
The digitization of our society changes the way we live, work, learn, communicate, and collaborate. This defines the strategical context for composing resilient enterprise architectures for micro-granular digital services and products. The change from a closed-world modeling perspective to more flexible open-world composition and evolution of system architectures defines the moving context for adaptable systems, which are essential to enable the digital transformation. Enterprises are presently transforming their strategy and culture together with their processes and information systems to become more digital. The digital transformation deeply disrupts existing enterprises and economies. Since years a lot of new business opportunities appeared using the potential of the Internet and related digital technologies, like Internet of Things, services computing, cloud computing, big data with analytics, mobile systems, collaboration networks, and cyber physical systems. Digitization fosters the development of IT systems with many rather small and distributed structures, like Internet of Things or mobile systems. In this paper, we are focusing on the continuous bottom-up integration of micro-granular architectures for a huge amount of dynamically growing systems and services, like Internet of Things and Microservices, as part of a new digital enterprise architecture. To integrate micro-granular architecture models to living architectural model versions we are extending more traditional enterprise architecture reference models with state of art elements for agile architectural engineering to support the digitalization of services with related products, and their processes.
In current times, a lot of new business opportunities appeared using the potential of the Internet and related digital technologies, like Internet of Things, services computing, cloud computing, big data with analytics, mobile systems, collaboration networks, and cyber physical systems. Enterprises are presently transforming their strategy, culture, processes, and their information systems to become more digital. The digital transformation deeply disrupts existing enterprises and economies. Digitization fosters the development of IT environments with many rather small and distributed structures, like Internet of Things. This has a strong impact for architecting digital services and products. The change from a closed-world modeling perspective to more flexible open-world and living software and system architectures defines the moving context for adaptable and evolutionary software approaches, which are essential to enable the digital transformation. In this paper, we are putting a spotlight to service oriented software evolution to support the digital transformation with micro granular digital architectures for digital services and products.
Digitization is the use of digital technologies for creating innovative digital business models and transforming existing business models, processes and systems. Digitization creates profound changes in the economy and society. Information is often captured and processed without human intervention using digital means. Digitization impacts nearly all products and services as well as the customer and the value-creation perspective.
Die Simulation menschlichen Gruppenverhaltens kann bei der Kapazitäten-, Risiko- und Evakuierungs Planung von Gebäuden hilfreich sein, bei der Produktion von Filmen für eindrucksvolle Massen-Szenen eingesetzt werden oder virtuelle Schauplätze in Echtzeit-Anwendungen beleben. Die Herausforderungen liegen vor allem in einem realistischen Erscheinungsbild der virtuellen Crowd, glaubwürdigem Verhalten innerhalb eines sozialen Verbundes, realitätsnahen Animationen und der Wahrung der Echtzeitfähigkeit interaktiver Anwendungen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird der aktuelle Stand der Technik vorgestellt, Technologien evaluiert und ein Crowd Simulation Prototyp mit der Unity Engine implementiert.
Durch das stetige Wachstum an neuen Technologien und Möglichkeiten steht der Verschmelzung von Technologien mit dem Menschen kaum noch etwas im Wege. Die Untersuchung der Implantate und die damit verbundenen Risiken sind ein Teil dieser Arbeit. Von Bedeutung sind hier die Funktionsweise und die IT-Sicherheitsaspekte. Alle in dieser Arbeit dargestellten Implantate benötigen eine Kommunikation nach außen. Diese Kommunikationsmöglichkeit birgt Risiken, die nicht nur auf die Daten der Träger beschränkt sind, sondern auch gesundheitliche Risiken beinhalten.
Being able to monitor the heart activity of patients during their daily life in a reliable, comfortable and affordable way is one main goal of the personalized medicine. Current wearable solutions lack either on the wearing comfort, the quality and type of the data provided or the price of the device. This paper shows the development of a Textile Sensor Platform (TSP) in the form of an electrocardiogram (ECG)-measuring T-shirt that is able to transmit the ECG signal to a smartphone. The development process includes the selection of the materials, the design of the textile electrodes taking into consideration their electrical characteristics and ergonomy, the integration of the electrodes on the garment and their connection with the embedded electronic part. The TSP is able to transmit a real-time streaming of the ECG-signal to an Android smartphone through Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). Initial results show a good electrical quality in the textile electrodes and promising results in the capture and transmission of the ECG signal. This is still a working- progress and it is the result of an interdisciplinary master project between the School of Informatics and the School of Textiles & Design of the Reutlingen University.
Modern persistent Key/Value stores are designed to meet the demand for high transactional throughput and high data ingestion rates. Still, they rely on backwards-compatible storage stack and abstractions to ease space management, foster seamless proliferation and system integration. Their dependence on the traditional I/O stack has negative impact on performance, causes unacceptably high write-amplification, and limits the storage longevity.
In the present paper we present NoFTL KV, an approach that results in a lean I/O stack, integrating physical storage management natively in the Key/Value store. NoFTL-KV eliminates backwards compatibility, allowing the Key/Value store to directly consume the characteristics of modern storage technologies. NoFTLKV is implemented under RocksDB. The performance evaluation under LinkBench shows that NoFTL-KV improves transactional throughput by 33%, while response times improve up to 2.3x. Furthermore, NoFTL KV reduces write-amplification 19x and improves storage longevity by imately the same factor.
Digital transformation has changed corporate reality and, with that, firms’ IT environments and IT governance (ITG). As such, the perspective of ITG has shifted from the design of a relatively stable, closed and controllable system of a self-sufficient enterprise to a relatively fluid, open, agile and transformational system of networked co adaptive entities. Related to this paradigm shift in ITG, this paper aims to clarify how the concept of an effective ITG framework has changed in terms of the demand for agility in organizations. Thus, this study conducted 33 qualitative interviews with executives and senior managers from the banking industry in Germany, Switzerland and Austria. Analysis of the interviews focused on the formation of categories and the assignment of individual text parts (codings) to these categories to allow for a quantitative evaluation of the codings per category. Regarding traditional and agile ITG dimensions, 22 traditional and 25 agile dimensions were identified. Moreover, agile strategies within the agile ITG construct and ten ITG patterns were identified from the interview data. The data show relevant perspectives on the implementation of traditional and new ITG dimensions and highlight ambidextrous aspects in ITG frameworks.
Digital transformation has changed corporate reality and, with that, firms’ IT environments and IT governance (ITG). As such, the perspective of ITG has shifted from the design of a relatively stable, closed and controllable System of a self-sufficient Enterprise to a relatively fluid, open, agile and transformational system of networked co-adaptive entities. Related to this paradigm shift in ITG, this paper aims to clarify how the concept of an effective ITG framework has changed in terms of the demand for agility in organizations. Thus, this study conducted 33 qualitative interviews with executives and senior managers from the banking industry in Germany, Switzerland and Austria. Analysis of the interviews focused on the formation of categories and the assignment of individual text parts (codings)
to these categories to allow for a quantitative evaluation of the codings per category. Regarding traditional and agile ITG dimensions, 22 traditional and 25 agile dimensions in terms of structures, processes and relational mechanisms were identified. Moreover, agile strategies within the agile ITG construct and ten ITG patterns were identified from the interview data. The data show relevant perspectives on the implementation of traditional and new ITG dimensions and highlight ambidextrous aspects in ITG in the German-speaking banking industry.
Die Navigation mit dem E-Bike soll eine positive Nutzerfahrung sein. Deshalb wurde im Zuge dieser Arbeit im Rahmen von Bosch E-Bike Systems ein multimodales smart User Interface (MSUI) entwickelt. Das Konzept umfasst visuelle Turn-by-Turn Signale, taktile Vibrationssignale im Lenker und eine auditive Sprachausgabe. Ziel der Arbeit ist ein Prototyp, der sich für die Evaluation von Nutzerbedürfnissen in Bezug auf verschiedene multimodale Rückmeldemöglichkeiten eignet.
Purpose: This study aims to conceptualize and test the effect of consumers´ perceptions of complaint handling quality (PCHQ) in both traditional and social media channels.
Design/methodology/approach: Study 1 systematically reviews the relevant literature and then carries out a consumer and manager survey. This approach aims to conceptualize the dimensionality of PCHQ. Study 2 tests the effect of PCHQ on key marketing outcomes. Using survey data from a German telecommunications company, the study provides an explanation for the differences in outcomes across traditional (hotline) and social media channels.
Findings: Study 1 reveals that PCHQ is best conceptualized as a five dimensional construct with 15 facets. There are significant differences between customers and managers in terms of the importance attached to the various dimensions. The construct shows strong psychometric properties with high reliability and validity, thereby opening up opportunities to treat these facets as measurement indicators for the construct. Study 2 indicates that the effect of PCHQ on consumer loyalty and word-of-mouth (WOM) communication is stronger in social media than in traditional channels. Procedural justice and the overall quality of service solutions emerge as general dimensions of PCHQ because they are equally important in both channels. In contrast, interactional justice, distributive justice and customer effort have varying effects across the two channels.
Research limitations/implications: This study contributes to the understanding of a firm´s channel selection for complaint handling in two ways. First, it evaluates and conceptualizes the PCHQ construct. Second, it compares the effects of different dimensions of PCHQ on key marketing outcomes across traditional and socialmedia channels.
Practical implications: This study enables managers to understand the difference in efficacy attached to different dimensions of PCHQ. It further highlights such differences across traditional and social media service channels. For example, the effect of complaint handling on social media is of particular importance when generating WOM communication.
Originality/value: This study offers a comprehensive conceptualization of the PCHQ construct and reveals the general and channel contingent effects of its different dimensions on key marketing outcomes.
Die minimal-invasive Chirurgie (MIC) entwickelt sich durch den Einsatz von medizinischen Robotern wie dem da Vinci System von Intuitive Surgical stetig weiter. Hierdurch kann eine bessere oder gleichwertige Operation bei deutlich geringerer körperlicher Belastung des Operateurs erreicht werden. Dabei entstehen jedoch neue Problemstellungen wie beispielsweise Kollision zwischen Roboterarmen und die benötigte Zeit zum Einrichten einer geeigneten Roboterkonfiguration. Daher ist eine effiziente Vorbereitung und Planung der Interventionen erforderlich. Diese Arbeit präsentiert einen Ansatz für eine verbesserte Planung mit Augmented Reality (AR) und einer Robotik Simulationssoftware (RS). Die Robotik Simulation dient zur Berechnung einer Roboterkonfiguration unter Vorgabe der Port-Positionen. Augmented Reality wird verwendet, um die berechneten Pose in der realen Umgebung zu visualisieren und somit leichter in den Operationssaal zu übertragen.
Der Siegeszug von Social Media im privaten Umfeld hat die Vorteile dieser Kommunikationswerkzeuge aufgezeigt. Unternehmen versuchen, diese Erfolge für sich zu nutzen und setzen Social Media für ihre Kommunikationsaktivitäten ein. In der externen Kommunikation etwa ermöglichen diese Werkzeuge einen schnellen und unkomplizierten Nachrichtenaustausch mit Kunden oder helfen Kundenexpertise in organisationale Prozesse, etwa Produktentwicklung oder Kundenbeschwerdemanagement, zu integrieren. Auch in der internen Kommunikation entstehen durch den Einsatz von Social Media neue Kanäle. Eine spezielle Gruppe von Social-Media Werkzeugen für die interne Kommunikation und Kollaboration wird als Enterprise Social Networks (ESN) bezeichnet.
This research addresses the question of why employees use enterprise social networks (ESN). Against the background of technology acceptance research, we propose an extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, adapt it to an ESN context, and test our model against data from ESN users of large and medium-sized enterprises. We use partial least squares structural equation modeling to gain insights into the determinants of ESN use. This paper contributes to ESN acceptance research by evaluating a model containing determinants of ESN use. It also examines the effects of determinants on five different usage dimensions of ESN. The results reveal that facilitating conditions are the main driver of ESN use while the impact of intention to use is comparably small. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Digital Enterprise Architecture allows multiple viewpoints on a company’s IT landscape. To gain valuable information out of huge amounts of operational data, it is indispensable to have both an understanding of the operations architecture and an engine capable of managing Big Data. The mechanism of understanding huge amounts of data is based on three main steps: collect, process and use. The main idea is focused on extracting valuable information out of Big Data to make better design decisions. The Elastic Stack is an open-source solution to comfortably and quickly handle Big Data scenarios.
A new class of information system architecture, decision-oriented service systems, is spreading more and more. Decision-oriented service systems provide services that support decisions in business processes and products based on the capabilities of cloud-computing environments. To pave the way for the creation of design methods of business processes and products based on decision-oriented service systems, this article introduces a capability-oriented approach. Starting from technological capabilities, more abstract operational and dynamic capabilities are created. The framework created is based on an integrated conceptualization of decision-oriented service systems that allows capturing synergetic effects. By creating the framework, the gap between the technological capabilities of technologies and the strategic goals of enterprises shall be narrowed.
Digital enterprise architecture management in tourism : state of the art and future directions
(2018)
The advance of information technology impacts tourism more than many other industries, due to the service character of its products. Most offerings in tourism are immaterial in nature and challenging in coordination. Therefore, the alignment of IT and strategy and digitization is of crucial importance to enterprises in tourism. To cope with the resulting challenges, methods for the management of enterprise architectures are necessary. Therefore, we scrutinize approaches for managing enterprise architectures based on a literature research. We found many areas for future research on the use of enterprise architecture in tourism.